Badr al-Din Lu'lu' (Arabic: بدر الدين لولو) (d. 1259) was successor to the Zangid rulers of Mosul, where he governed in variety of capacities for half a century. He was the first mamluk to transcend servitude and become sultan in his own right, anticipating the rise of the Bahri Mamluks in Egypt by twenty years. He preserved control of the Jazira through a series of tactical submissions to larger neighboring powers, at various times recognizing Ayyubid, Rûm Seljuqs, and the Mongol overlords. His prescient surrender to the Mongols spared Mosul the destruction experienced by other settlements in Mesopotamia.
Badr al-Din Lu'lu' is perhaps best remembered as the patron of the influential historian Ali ibn al-Athir and for a collection of minor arts which demonstrate the high level of cultural and artistic attainment in 13th century Mosul.
From mamluk to sultan edit
Lu'lu' was a mamluk, or slave probably of Armenian origin, in the household of the Zangid ruler Nur al-Din Arslanshah I. Recognized for his abilities as an administrator, he rose to the rank of atabeg and, after 1211, served as regent until the death of the last Zengid, Nasir al-Din Mahmud in 1233. From this time on, he ruled independently, careful to preserve his sovereignty through a series of tactical submissions to larger neighboring powers.
son, Rukn al-Din Isma'il
Coinage edit
His coinage is important for establishing the diplomatic history of the Jazira during the mid-13th century, a time when the region was contested by the Ayyubids, the Seljuqs of Rûm, and the Mongols.
Minor arts edit
Notes edit
- Amitai-Preiss, Reuven (1995). Mongols and Mamluks: the Mamluk-Īlkhānid War, 1260-1281. Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization. Cambridge University Press. pp. +. ISBN 0521522900. 17, 46n, 57, 60, 63
- Berchem, Max van (1906). Monuments et inscriptions de lʾatābek Luʾluʾ de Mossoul. Gieszen. pp. +.
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- Cahen, Claude (2008). "Luʾluʾ, Badr al-Dīn Abu 'l-Faḍāʾil al-Malik al-Raḥīm". In P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs (ed.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (Second ed.). Brill. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
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- Cahen, Claude (1968). Pre-Ottoman Turkey: A general survey of the material and spiritual culture and history c. 1071-1330. New York: Taplinger. p. +. ISBN 159740456X. 123 128
- Canard, M. (2008). "Luʾluʾ". In P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs (ed.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (Second ed.). Brill. Retrieved 2008-12-29.
Luʾluʾ ("pearl"), a noun often given as proper name to a person of servile origin
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- Patton, Douglas (1991). Badr al-Dīn Lu'lu: Atabeg of Mosul, 1211-1259. Occasional papers, Middle East Center of the Jackson School of International Studies, University of Washington. Seattle: University of Washington Press. pp. +. ISBN 0295971568.
- Patton, Douglas (1991). "Badr al-Dīn Lu'lu' and the Establishment of a mamluk Government in Mosul". Studia Islamica. 74. Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose: 79–103. ISSN 0585-5292. Retrieved 2008-12-22.
- Rice, D. S. (Apr., 1953). "The Aghānī Miniatures and Religious Painting in Islam". Burlington Magazine. 95 (601). London: Burlington Magazine Publications, Ltd.: 128–135. ISSN 0007-6387 0007-6287 0007-6387. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
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- Rice, D. S. (1950). "The Brasses of Badr al-Dīn Lu'lu'". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 13 (No. 3). Cambridge University Press on behalf of the School of Oriental and African Studies: 627–634. ISSN 0041-977X. Retrieved 2008-12-22.
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- Thorau, Peter (1992). The Lion of Egypt: Sultan Baybars I and the Near East in the Thirteenth Century. trans. by P. M. Holt. London: Longman. p. 63. ISBN 0582068223.
- Zambaur, Edward von (1914). "Nouvelles contributions à la numismatique orientale: Atabeks de Mausil". Numismatische Zeitschrift. 47. Vienna: Selbstverlag der Gesellschaft: 152–157.
External links edit
- Imam Awn al-Din Mashhad (Mosul) [1]
- Imam Yahya ibn al-Qasim Mashhad (Mosul) [2]
- Sittna Zaynab Mausoleum (Sinjar) [3]
Redirects Lu'lu' and ar-Rahman Badr ud-Din Lu'lu' and Badr al-Din Lulu and Badr ud-Din Lu'lu' and Lu'lu' of Mosul Lulu of Mosul and Atabeg of Mosul and Bedr ed-din Lulu and Bedreddin Lulu and Bedreddin Loulou and Lu'lu'id.