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Several sections have been worked up here and then moved to the main article. Currently I am playing with ideas to compress the long Nicomachean Ethics#Book II summary
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Mean
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Excess
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Deficiency
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| fear (phobos) and confidence (tharsos) |
Courage (andreia): mean in fear and confidence |
First Type. excess has no special name but exceeds in fearlessness |
Cowardly (deilos): exceeds in fear and is deficient in confidence
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Second Type. Rash (thrasus): exceeds in confidence |
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moderation
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| Concerned with
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Mean
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Excess
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Deficiency
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| pleasure (hēdonē) and pain (lupē) |
Temperance (sōphrosunē) |
Profligacy, dissipation, etc. (akolasia) |
scarcely occurs, but we may call it Insensible (anaisthētos)
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liberality
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| Concerned with
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Mean
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Excess
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Deficiency
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| giving and getting (smaller amounts of) money |
Liberality (Rackham), generosity (Sachs) (eleutheriotēs) |
Prodigality (Rackham), Wastefulness (Sachs) (asōtia) |
Meanness (Rackham), Stinginess (Sachs) (aneleutheria)
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magnificence
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| Concerned with
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Mean
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Excess
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Deficiency
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| giving and getting greater things |
Magnificence (megaloprepeia) |
Tastelessness (apeirokalia) or Vulgarity (banausia) |
Paltriness (Rackham), Chintziness (Sachs) (mikroprepeia)
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greatness of soul
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| Type of behavior
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Mean
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Excess
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Deficiency
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| great honor (timē) and dishonor |
Greatness of Soul (traditional translation "magnanimity") (megalopsuchia) |
Vanity (chaunotēs) |
Smallness of Soul (mikropsuchia)
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smaller honors
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| Type of behavior
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Mean
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Excess
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Deficiency
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| lesser honor (timē) and dishonor |
no special term in ancient Greek for the right amount of ambition |
(Over-)ambitiousness (philotimos) |
lack of ambition (aphilotimos)
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gentleness
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| Type of behavior
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Mean
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Excess
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Deficiency
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| anger (orgē) |
Gentleness (praotēs) |
Irascibility (Rackham), Irritability (Sachs) (orgilotēs) |
Spiritlessness (aorgẽsia)
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truthfulness
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| Type of behavior
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Mean
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Excess
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Deficiency
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| truth (alēthēs) |
Truthfulness(alētheia) |
Boastfulness: pretense as exaggeration (alazoneia) |
Self-deprecation: pretense as understatement (eironia, same word as "irony")
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| ἀληθής |
ἀλήθεια |
ἀλαζονεία |
εἰρωνεία
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wittiness
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| Type of behavior
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Mean
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Excess
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Deficiency
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| pleasantness and social amusement |
Wittiness (Rackham) Charming (Sachs) (eutrapelos) |
Buffoonery (bõmolochia) |
Boorishness bõmolochos
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| Type of behavior
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Mean
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Excess
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Deficiency
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| general pleasantness in life |
Friendliness (philia) |
First Type. obsequious, if for no purpose (areskos) |
quarrelsome (duseris) and surly (duskolos)
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Second type. flatterer, if for own advantage (kolax) |
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References
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