Tricholomopsis rutilans, commonly known as plums and custard, or red-haired agaric, is a species of gilled mushroom found across Europe and North America.
| Plums and Custard | |
|---|---|
| |
| T. rutilans Pine woods, Galicia - Alberto Vázquez | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Tricholomataceae |
| Genus: | Tricholomopsis |
| Species: | T. rutilans
|
| Binomial name | |
| Tricholomopsis rutilans (Schaeff. : Fr.) Sing.
| |
Description edit
A striking and easily recognised fungus, Plums and Custard takes its common name from its plum-red scaled cap and crowded custard yellow gills. The flesh is cream-coloured and spore print creamy white. The base colour of the cap under the purplish scales is yellow.[1]
Cap: convex becoming bell-shaped then flattening with age. 1-5" wide with an incurved margin, densely covered with red to purplish red or brick red hairs with maturity the hairs bunching into small scales and the yellowish color beneath showing through
Gills: Broadly Attached To The Stem, yellow, and crowded with many short gills
Stem: 2–4 inches (51–102 mm) tall, 7⁄16–5⁄8 inch (11–16 mm) thick with a red scaly base fading to yellow towards the gills
Spores: cream colored, 3–5 x 2.5–5 µm; almost globe shaped to broadly ellipsoid; smooth; clear like glass in KOH
Habitat: Saprobic on the well-decayed wood of conifers, also occasionally reported in woodchips, sawdust, and lignin-rich soil. Growing alone, scattered or gregariously, widely distributed in North America.
Microscopic features: basidia with 4 protrusions, cheilocystidia 50-70+ x 20-25 µm; shaped like a ball on a stick to sack shaped or swollen-irregular, smooth, thin-walled, clear in KOH. Pleurocystidia scattered, 30-35 x 5-7 µm, flask shaped to almost cylindrical, smooth, clear in KOH.
KOH: red on cap surface
Distribution and habitat edit
Tricholomopsis rutilans can be found growing on tree stumps and logs (especially those of spruce) in coniferous woodlands throughout the northern hemisphere, in places as diverse as Ireland, Bulgaria, Ukraine and North-West Russia, in late summer and autumn (June until November). It has also been found, probably accidentally introduced, in Australia and Costa Rica on introduced pine trees.
Edibility edit
Tricholomopsis rutilans | |
|---|---|
 | Gills on hymenium |
 | Cap is convex |
 | Hymenium is adnate |
 | Stipe is bare |
 | Spore print is cream |
 | Ecology is saprotrophic |
 | Edibility is edible, but unpalatable |
Many older texts list T. rutilans as apparently able to be eaten after boiling, though not recommended. A couple of more recent books list it as of poor quality, reportedly due to a taste of rotting wood.[2][1]
Similar species edit
A related species, Tricholomopsis decora, is also found in conifer woods but is golden in colour, much less common and found at higher altitudes. Megacollybia fallax is similar but with a gray-brown cap.[3]
References edit
- ^ a b Trudell, Steve; Ammirati, Joe (2009). Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Timber Press Field Guides. Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 115. ISBN 978-0-88192-935-5.
- ^ Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-55407-651-2.
- ^ Davis, R. Michael; Sommer, Robert; Menge, John A. (2012). Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 158–159. ISBN 978-0-520-95360-4. OCLC 797915861.
Further reading edit
- Breitenbach J & Kränzlin F (1991). Fungi of Switzerland 3: Boletes & Agarics, 1st Part. ISBN 978-3-85604-230-1.
- Fuhrer B. (2005) A Field Guide to Australian Fungi. Bloomings Books. ISBN 1-876473-51-7
- Brian Spooner (1996). Mushrooms and Toadstools. Collins. ISBN 978-0-00-220007-3.
External links edit
