Timeline of South Asian history


Below is a timeline of South Asian history.

South Asia Timetable
Timeline and
cultural period
Westcoast Northwestern Sub-continent
(West Punjab-Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Indo-Gangetic Plain Central India
Deccan Plateau
Southern India
Western Gangetic Plain
(Kurukshetra)
Northern India
(Central Gangetic Plain)
Northeastern India
(Bengal)
South Asian Stone Age (until c. 3300 BCE) South Asian Stone Age (until c. 1100 BCE)
Culture Paleolithicum (until c. 10,000 BCE)
70,000 - 10,000 BCE Sanghao Caves Bhimbetka rock shelters
(30,000-15,000 BCE)
Culture Mesolithicum (c. 10,000-7,000 BCE) Mesolithicum (c. 10,000-3,000 BCE)
c. 10,000-7,000 BCE
Culture Neolithicum (c. 7000-3300 BCE) Mesolithicum (c. 10,000-3000 BCE)
c. 7,000-3,300 BCE Mehrgarh
BRONZE AGE (c. 3300-1100 BCE) NEOLITHIC (c. 3000-1400 BCE)
Culture Early Harappan
3300-2600 BCE Early Harappan
Culture Integration Era
2600-1900 BCE Indus Valley civilization Indus Valley civilization Indus Valley civilization
Culture Localisation Era/Late Harappan
OCP/Cemetery H
1900-1500 BCE Earliest known rice cultivation[a]
Culture Localisation Era/Late Harappan
OCPCemetery HEarly Vedic periodGandhara grave culture
Megalithic
(c. 1400-1100 BCE)
1500-1300 BCE Indo-Aryan migration
1300-1100 BCE Wandering Vedic Aryans
IRON AGE (c. 1100-300 BCE)
Culture Middle Vedic Period
Gandhara grave culture Black and red ware culture
1100-800 BCE Vedic settlements
Gandhara
Vedic settlements
Kuru
Culture Late Vedic Period
Gandhara grave culture (Brahmin ideology)[b] • early UpanishadsPainted Grey Ware culture (Kshatriya/Shramanic culture)[c]Northern Black Polished Ware
800-600 BCE Gandhara Kuru-Pancala Kosala-Videha
Culture Late Vedic Period
Mahajanapada
Gandhara grave culture (Brahmin ideology)[d] • early UpanishadsPainted Grey Ware culture (Kshatriya/Shramanic culture)[e]Northern Black Polished Ware
 6th century BCE Gandhara Kuru-Panchala Kosala
Magadha
Anga
Adivasi (tribes)
Culture Persian-Greek influences "Second Urbanisation"
Later Upanishads Rise of Shramana movements
Jainism - Buddhism - Ājīvika - Yoga
Later Upanishads
 5th century BCE (Persian rule) Shishunaga dynasty Adivasi (tribes)
 4th century BCE (Greek conquests)

Nanda empire
Kalinga

HISTORICAL AGE (after 300 BCE)
Culture Spread of Buddhism Pre-history Sangam period
(300 BCE – 200 CE)
 3rd century BCE Maurya Empire Early Cholas
Early Pandyan Kingdom
Satavahana dynasty
Cheras
Culture Preclassical Hinduism[f] - "Hindu Synthesis"[g] (c. 200 BCE-300 CE)[h][i]
Epics - Puranas - Ramayana - Mahabharata - Bhagavad Gita - Brahma Sutras - Smarta Tradition
Mahayana Buddhism
Sangam period
(continued)
(300 BCE – 200 CE)
 2nd century BCE Indo-Greek Kingdom Shunga Empire Adivasi (tribes) Early Cholas
Early Pandyan Kingdom
Satavahana dynasty
Cheras
 1st century BCE Yona Maha-Meghavahana Dynasty
 1st century CE Indo-Scythians
Indo-Parthians
Kuninda Kingdom
 2nd century Pahlava Varman dynasty
 3rd century Kushan Empire Western Satraps Kamarupa kingdom Kalabhra dynasty
Culture "Golden Age of Hinduism"(c. 320-650 CE)[j]
Puranas
Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism
 4th century Gupta Empire Kadamba Dynasty
Western Ganga Dynasty
 5th century Vishnukundina
 6th century Maitraka Adivasi (tribes)
Culture Late-Classical Hinduism (c. 650-1100 CE)[k]
Advaita Vedanta - Tantra
Decline of Buddhism in India
 7th century Maitraka Indo-Sassanids Vakataka dynasty
Empire of Harsha
Mlechchha dynasty Adivasi (tribes) Pallava
 8th century Kidarite Kingdom Kalachuri
 9th century Indo-Hephthalites (Huna) Gurjara-Pratihara Chalukya
10th century Pala dynasty
Kamboja-Pala dynasty
Rashtrakuta
Culture Islamic rule and "Sects of Hinduism" (c. 1100-1850 CE)[l] - Medieval and Late Puranic Period (500–1500 CE)[m]
11th century Western Chalukyas (Islamic conquests)
Kabul Shahi
(Islamic Empire)
Rajputs Pala Empire
Paramara dynasty
Chaulukya dynasty
Eastern Ganga dynasty
Sena dynasty Adivasi (tribes) Chola Empire
Yadava dynasty
Western Chalukyas
Eastern Chalukyas
Kakatiya dynasty
Hoysala Empire
12th century Western Chalukyas Rajputs Paramara dynasty
Chaulukya dynasty
Eastern Ganga dynasty
Chola Empire
Yadava dynasty
Western Chalukyas
Eastern Chalukyas
Kakatiya dynasty
Hoysala Empire
13th century Delhi Sultanate Chola Empire
14th century Delhi Sultanate Vijayanagara Empire
15th century Delhi Sultanate
16th century Mughal Empire
17th century Mughal Empire Maratha Empire
Culture Maratha Empire and British Colonisation - Company rule in India
18th century Maratha Empire Maratha Empire British Maratha Empire/British
Culture British Colonisation - British Raj
19th century Sikh Empire
Culture British Raj - Independence struggle - Pakistan - India - Bangladesh
20th century Pakistan India Bangladesh India
21st century

References edit

  1. ^ Samuel (2010) p.49
  2. ^ Samuel
  3. ^ Samuel
  4. ^ Samuel
  5. ^ Samuel
  6. ^ Michaels (2004) p.39
  7. ^ Hiltebeitel (2002)
  8. ^ Michaels (2004) p.39
  9. ^ Hiltebeitel (2002)
  10. ^ Michaels (2004) p.40
  11. ^ Michaels (2004) p.41
  12. ^ Michaels (2004) p.43
  13. ^ Flood (1996) p.21-22