The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Santiago, Santiago Province, Chile.
Prior to 19th century edit
- 1541
- 12 February: Santiago de Nueva Extremadura founded by Spaniard Pedro de Valdivia.[1]
- 11 September: Settlement sacked by forces of Michimalonco.[2]
- 1552 – Coat of arms granted.[3]
- 1553 – Franciscan convent founded.[4]
- 1595 – San Augustin church built.[1]
- 1609
- Flooding of Mapocho River.[1]
- es:Real Audiencia de Chile (Royal Appeals Court) reestablished in Santiago.[5]
- 1647 – 1647 Santiago earthquake.[1]
- 1747 – Universidad de San Felipe founded.[1]
- 1753 – Santiago Metropolitan Cathedral building began.[1]
- 1760 – Basilica de la Merced built.[citation needed]
- 1769 – Casa Colorada built.
- 1779 – es:Puente de Cal y Canto (bridge) built over Mapocho River (official inauguration 1782).[1] [6][7]
- 1783 – Flooding of Mapocho River.[1]
- 1795 – Consulado (merchant guild) established.[8]
- 1799 – Santiago Metropolitan Cathedral rebuilding completed. [1]
19th century edit
- 1805 – La Moneda (mint) built.
- 1808 – Palacio de la Real Audiencia de Santiago built.
- 1813 – Biblioteca Nacional de Chile and Instituto Nacional (school) established.[9][10]
- 1817 – City occupied by forces of Jose de San Martin.[1]
- 1821 – Cementerio General de Santiago established in Recoleta.[11][12]
- 1830 – Chilean National Museum of Natural History founded.
- 1841 – Quinta Normal Park founded.[13]
- 1842 – University of Santiago, Chile founded.[1]
- 1845 – Caupolican Artisans Society founded.[14]
- 1849 – Astronomical observatory built.[15]
- 1852 – Valparaiso-Santiago telegraph begins operating.[16]
- 1852 – Valdivia chapel built.[1]
- 1856 – August: Premiere of Manuel Ascencio Segura's play Ña Catita.[17]
- 1857 – Municipal Theatre of Santiago inaugurated.[18]
- 1863 – 8 December: Church of the Company Fire.
- 1865 – Aqueduct built.[1]
- 1868 – Jesuit church burns down.[1]
- 1870
- Club Hípico de Santiago opens.[19]
- Cholera epidemic.[citation needed]
- 1872 – Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna becomes mayor.
- 1873 – Parque Cousiño inaugurated.
- 1875
- International Exposition held.
- Population: 148,284.[20]
- Plaza La Serena built (approximate date).[citation needed]
- 1876 – National Congress Building inaugurated.
- 1882 – Central Post Office Building (Santiago) constructed.
- 1885
- Estación Central (railway station) opens.
- Deutsche Wissenschaftliche Verein zu Santiago founded.[21]
- 1888 – Pontifical Catholic University of Chile founded.
- 1893 – Santiago Stock Exchange founded.
- 1895 – Population: 256,413.[1]
- 1897 – Estación Central (railway station) rebuilt.
- 1900
- El Mercurio newspaper begins publication.
- Population: 269,886.[1]
20th century edit
- 1902 - Population: 322,059. (estimated)[1]
- 1905 – Parque Forestal inaugurated.
- 1908 – December: Pan-American Scientific Congress held.[22]
- 1911 – Chilean National History Museum founded.
- 1925 – Chilean National Zoo opens.
- 1926 – Teatro Carrera opens.[23]
- 1927 – Santiago Metropolitan Park laid out.
- 1935
- Teatro Oriente (theatre) built.[23]
- Plaza de la Constitución (Santiago de Chile) laid out (approximate date).[citation needed]
- 1936 – Cine Metro (cinema) opens.[23]
- 1945 – Chilean National Ballet founded.
- 1948 – Instituto Chileno de Investigaciones Genealógicas headquartered in Santiago.
- 1950 – 3ra de la Hora newspaper begins publication.[24]
- 1952 – Population: 664,575 city; 1,348,283 urban agglomeration.[25]
- 1960 – Arboretum Frutillar founded.[26]
- 1962 – 1962 FIFA World Cup held; Battle of Santiago occurs.
- 1967 – Pudahuel Airport commissioned.
- 1972
- 1973 – 11 September: Chilean coup d'état.
- 1974 – Torre Entel built.
- 1975
- Santiago Metro begins operating.
- Population: 3,186,000 city; 3,262,990 urban agglomeration.[27]
- 1976 - July: Lowest temperature of -6.8 recorded in Santiago
- 1978
- Santiago Metro Line 2 begins operating.
- Paseo Ahumada pedestrianized.
- 1980 – Santiago Metropolitan Region established.
- 1981 – Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino established.
- 1984 – La Cuarta newspaper begins publication.
- 1985 – 3 March: Earthquake.
- 1990
- Metrotrén begins operating (San Fernando-Santiago).
- Jaime Ravinet becomes mayor.
- National Congress of Chile relocated to Valparaíso from Santiago.
- 1991 – July 21: 1991 Copa América final football tournament held.
- 1995 – Population: 4,229,970 (estimate).[28]
- 1997 – Santiago Metro Line 5 begins operating.
- 1998 – 2nd Summit of the Americas held.
21st century edit
- 2002
- Jardín Botánico Chagual (garden) established.
- Population of Santiago (commune): 200,792; population of metro area: 5,428,590.
- 2004 – Raúl Alcaíno Lihn becomes mayor.[29]
- 2005
- Santiago Metro Line 4 begins operating.
- Plaza de la Ciudadanía inaugurated (approximate date).[citation needed]
- 2006
- Centro Cultural Palacio de La Moneda built.
- Gran Torre Santiago construction begins.
- 2007 – March: Protests.[30]
- 2008
- Mall Plaza Alameda in business.
- Pablo Zalaquett Said becomes mayor.[29]
- 2010
- 27 February: 2010 Chile earthquake.
- 28 September: Time capsule buried in the Plaza de Armas.[31]
- 8 December: Fire in prison in San Miguel.[30]
- Taller Bloc (art space) founded.[32]
- 2012 – Carolina Tohá becomes mayor.[29]
- 2014 – Homeless World Cup football contest held.
- 2016 – Population: 5,561,252.[33]
- 2017
- July: Snowfall.[34][35]
- Santiago Metro Line 6 begins operating.
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Britannica 1910.
- ^ David F. Marley (2008), Wars of the Americas: a chronology of armed conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 1492 to the present (2nd ed.), Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, Inc.
- ^ "Escudo de Armas" (in Spanish). Municipalidad de Santiago. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
- ^ Benjamín Gento Sanz; et al. (1954). "The First Franciscans in Chile; Founding of the Monasteries of Santiago and Concepcion, 1553". The Americas. 10.
- ^ "La Real Audiencia – Memoria Chilena" (in Spanish). Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ "Puente de Cal y Canto – Memoria Chilena" (in Spanish). Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ "Historia del Puente de Cal y Canto" (in Spanish). Icarito. December 2009. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ Ralph Lee Woodward Jr. (2013) [2005], "Merchant Guilds", in Cynthia Clark Northrup (ed.), Encyclopedia of World Trade, Routledge, ISBN 9780765682680
- ^ "La Biblioteca Nacional de Chile (1813– ) – Memoria Chilena" (in Spanish). Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ "El Instituto Nacional – Memoria Chilena" (in Spanish). Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ "Cementerio General – Memoria Chilena" (in Spanish). Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ "Cementerio General, su historia" (in Spanish). Municipalidad de Recoleta Cementerio General. 7 October 2009. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ "Quinta Normal de Agricultura – Memoria Chilena" (in Spanish). Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
- ^ Wood 2002.
- ^ Currier 1911.
- ^ "Infraestructura – Memoria Chilena" (in Spanish). Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ Martin Banham, ed. (1995). Cambridge Guide to Theatre. Cambridge University Press. p. 846. ISBN 978-0-521-43437-9.
- ^ "Teatro Municipal de Santiago (1857–2000) – Memoria Chilena" (in Spanish). Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ "Club Hípico – Memoria Chilena" (in Spanish). Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
- ^ Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna (1883), Chile, Philadelphia: Times Printing House, OL 23286207M
- ^ Deutscher Wissenschaftlicher Verein zu Santiago de Chile (1913), Deutsche Arbeit in Chile (in German), Santiago de Chile: Imprenta Universitaria, OL 24434455M
- ^ W.H. Holmes (1909). "First Pan-American Scientific Congress, Held in Santiago, Chile, December 25, 1908 – January 6, 1909". Science. 29 (742): 441–448. Bibcode:1909Sci....29..441H. doi:10.1126/science.29.742.441. JSTOR 1636407. PMID 17750795.
- ^ a b c "Movie Theaters in Santiago de Chile". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
- ^ "Santiago (Chile) Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
- ^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
- ^ "Garden Search: Chile". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division (1997). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1995 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 262–321.
{{cite book}}:|author=has generic name (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b c "Santiago y sus alcaldes" [Santiago and its mayors] (in Spanish). Municipalidad de Santiago. Archived from the original on 15 November 2012. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
- ^ a b "Chile Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 23 August 2012. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
- ^ "Cápsula del Tiempo" (in Spanish). Municipalidad de Santiago. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
- ^ "Chile". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2016. United Nations Statistics Division. 2017.
- ^ "Chile turns chilly as Santiago hit by rare heavy snowfall", BBC News, 15 July 2017
- ^ "Photos: Santiago, Chile, sees most snow in decades", Washington Post, 17 July 2017
This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.
Bibliography edit
in English edit
- Published in the 18th–19th centuries
- Amédée-François Frézier (1735), "Santiago", A Voyage to the South-Sea, and Along the Coasts of Chili and Peru, in the Years 1712, 1713, and 1714, London: Christian Bowyer
- Richard Brookes (1820), "St. Jago, Chili", General Gazetteer (17th ed.), London: F.C. and J. Rivington
- David Brewster, ed. (1832). "Santiago". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Philadelphia: Joseph Parker. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t82j6q872.
- Josiah Conder (1830), "Santiago de Chile", The Modern Traveller, London: J.Duncan
- Published in the 20th century
- "Municipal Organization in the Latin-American Capitals: Santiago de Chile". Bulletin of the International Bureau of the American Republics. 28. Washington DC: International Union of American Republics. March 1909. hdl:2027/wu.89095922225.
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 191.
- Charles Warren Currier (1911), "Santiago", Lands of the Southern Cross: a visit to South America, Washington, DC: Spanish-American Publication Society
- W. H. Koebel (1913), "Santiago", Modern Chile, London: G. Bell & Sons
- United States Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce (1914), "Santiago", Trade directory of South America for the promotion of American export trade, Washington DC: Government Printing Office, OCLC 5821807
- Annie Smith Peck (1916), "Santiago", The South American Tour, New York: G.H. Doran, OCLC 4541554
- Ernst B. Filsinger (1922), "Santiago", Commercial Travelers' Guide to Latin America, Washington, DC: Govt. Print. Office
- S. Samuel Trifilo (1969). "Early Nineteenth-Century British Travelers in Chile: Impressions of Santiago and Valparaíso". Journal of Inter-American Studies. 11 (3): 391–424. doi:10.2307/165420. JSTOR 165420.
- Joseph B. Fichandler and Thomas F. O'Brien, Jr. (1976). "Santiago Chile, 1541-1581: A Case Study of Urban Stagnation". The Americas. 33 (2): 205–225. doi:10.2307/980784. JSTOR 980784. S2CID 146900345.
- Trudy Ring and Robert M. Salkin, ed. (1995). "Santiago". Americas. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Routledge. p. 637+. ISBN 978-1-134-25930-4.
- Eduardo Dockemdorff; et al. (2000). "Santiago de Chile: metropolitanization, globalization and inequity". Environment and Urbanization. 12.
- Published in the 21st century
- James A. Wood (2002). "The Burden of Citizenship: Artisans, Elections, and the Fuero Militar in Santiago de Chile, 1822–1851". The Americas. 58.
- David Marley (2005), "Santiago", Historic Cities of the Americas, Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO, p. 728+, ISBN 1576070271
- Richard J. Walter (2005), Politics and Urban Growth in Santiago, Chile, 1891-1941, California: Stanford University Press, ISBN 9780804749824
- Fernando Perez Oyarzun (2012), Taming The River & Building The City: Infrastructure And Public Space In Santiago de Chile 1750—1810 – via International Planning History Society
- Manuel Tironi; et al. (2013). "Chile: Santiago". In Ian Shirley, Carol Neill (ed.). Asian and Pacific Cities: Development Patterns. Routledge. ISBN 9780415632041.
in Spanish edit
- Francisco Solano Asta-Buruaga (1867). "Santiago". Diccionario jeográfico de la República de Chile (in Spanish). Nueva York: D. Appleton & Company. hdl:2027/hvd.hwwisq.
- Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna (1869), Historia crítica y social de la Ciudad de Santiago, desde su fundacion hasta nuestros dias (1541–1868) (in Spanish), Impr. del Mercurio v.1, v.2
- José Toribio Medina (1891). Bibliografía de la imprenta en Santiago de Chile desde sus orígenes hasta febrero de 1817 (in Spanish). Santiago de Chile – via HathiTrust.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Luis Thayer Ojeda (1904), Santiago de Chile, origen del nombre du sus calles [Santiago de Chile, origin of the names of its streets] (in Spanish), Santiago: Guillermo E. Miranda, OL 25515663M
External links edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Santiago, Chile.
- "Reseñas Históricas" [Historical Overview] (in Spanish). Municipalidad de Santiago.