The Height of Callousness

The Height of Callousness is the second studio album by American metal band Spineshank, released on October 10, 2000, through Roadrunner Records. It was produced by Garth "GGGarth" Richardson alongside Spineshank guitarist Mike Sarkisyan and drummer Tommy Decker, and it was recorded at Mushroom Studios in Vancouver, Canada. The album has a heavier, more aggressive sound than the band's debut album Strictly Diesel (1998), and incorporates more melodic and electronic elements. Its themes are depression, betrayal, anger, self-doubt and self-confidence.

The Height of Callousness
Standard edition cover artwork[a]
Studio album by
ReleasedOctober 10, 2000
Recorded2000
StudioMushroom Studios (Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada)
Genre
Length37:12
LabelRoadrunner
Producer
  • GGGarth
  • Mike Sarkisyan
  • Tommy Decker
Spineshank chronology
Strictly Diesel
(1998)
The Height of Callousness
(2000)
Self-Destructive Pattern
(2003)
Singles from The Height of Callousness
  1. "Synthetic"
    Released: September 26, 2000
  2. "New Disease"
    Released: January 15, 2001

Critics praised The Height of Callousness for its improved, catchy songwriting but others criticized its aggression. The album sold 3,682 copies in its first week, debuting at number 183 on the US Billboard 200 chart and peaking at number 104 on the UK Albums Chart. Tracks "Synthetic" and "New Disease" were released as singles from the album, and music videos accompanied both tracks. "New Disease" reached number 33 on the US Mainstream Rock Tracks chart and number 84 on the UK Singles Chart. The album has sold over 146,000 copies in the United States as of March 2002, and the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified it silver in 2013 for the sale of 60,000 copies in the United Kingdom.

Background edit

In 1998, Spineshank released their debut album Strictly Diesel, which despite receiving endorsements from Fear Factory—especially from their guitarist Dino Cazares—was a critical and commercial disappointment. Furthermore, the album's stylistic similarities with the works of Korn, Fear Factory, Deftones and Sepultura—whom Spineshank cited as musical influences—led to the band being dismissed as impersonators.[1][2][3][4] Spineshank and their record label Roadrunner Records considered the album a failure.[5] In June 1999, after touring in support of Strictly Diesel, Spineshank began writing their second album for the label.[6][5][7] The band worked on new material for a year at their rehearsal space in Vernon, California, close to their home city Los Angeles.[1]

When writing The Height of Callousness, Spineshank wanted to avoid repeating the mistakes they had made on Strictly Diesel, take control of their creative process and establish a musical identity that was "100% Spineshank".[1][7][8] According to the band's vocalist Jonny Santos Strictly Diesel had been "compromised by the opinions of outsiders and by [Spineshank's] own lack of a clear identity"; Santos also said the band did not want to set any limits for themselves for their next album.[1][9] To distance themselves from other contemporaneous acts, Spineshank ruled there would be "no covers, no guests and no rap".[10] The band also wanted to move out from the shadow of their association with Fear Factory and Cazares, for whom they held no negative feelings. "With all due respect to Dino [Cazares]—and we still love him to death—he didn't write our songs", Santos said.[1] While writing for the album, the members of Spineshank went through several negative experiences in their personal lives; Santos was stabbed at a party and his mother was diagnosed with cancer. These experiences influenced the album's tone and lyrics.[10][11]

Recording and production edit

 
The Height of Callousness was recorded at Mushroom Studios (pictured) in Vancouver, Canada.

The Height of Callousness was recorded at Mushroom Studios in Vancouver, British Columbia, with producer Garth "GGGarth" Richardson. Amir Derakh, who co-produced, engineered and mixed Strictly Diesel, handled the album's pre-production and set up a string section.[1] Richardson became interested in working with Spineshank after hearing the band's demos for Strictly Diesel;[7] he suggested the band record at Mushroom Studios to get away from Los Angeles and their friends, and to prevent a repeat of their partying and drinking habits that marred the quality and production of Strictly Diesel.[7][10][12] Spineshank spent the first three days at the studio talking "intensely" with Richardson about "how we wanted to move things up a dozen levels and start expressing who we are", according to Santos.[11] The band also told Richardson they wanted the new album to sound "raw and in your face", akin to his work with Rage Against the Machine and the Red Hot Chilli Peppers.[13]

Richardson pushed hard to draw out the band's emotions in their performances; according to drummer Tommy Decker: "If GGGarth thinks something sucks, he'll tell you. He'll berate you for 15 minutes until you're crying and sitting in the corner."[13] GGGarth, however, was initially hesitant about to do so; guitarist Mike Sarkisyan said; "GGGarth was like, 'Are you sure you want to do that? It ain't going to be pretty!' But we were like, 'We don't care! We just want to make the greatest record that we can' ".[1] Although tensions were sometimes high during the recording of The Height of Callousness—the members got into a fist fight at one point, and Santos almost left the band in Vancouver—Santos and Sarkisyan felt Spineshank had emerged from the album's production "a stronger unit";[1][10] they praised Richardson for "pulling the right performances out of [the band]".[10][11][14] Santos, who credited Richardson for helping him find his own voice, said:[11]

There were times where it was real hard. [GGGarth would] be pushing me all the time and I'd come out of the vocal booth ready to fucking kill him. He'd just say, 'Come in here and have a listen', and I'd hear what I'd created and realise it was all worth it. He made us pull shit out of ourselves that we didn't know we had—or think we could do.[11]

Decker and Sarkisyan were given a co-producer credit on the album, which according to Kerrang! "appears to be a polite way of saying that [Decker and Sarkisyan] were professional trainspotters in the control booth, making minute sonic changes that both [of them] admit no one in their right minds would ever care about".[1] After recording was completed Scott Humphrey and Frank Gryner mixed the album at the Chop Shop in Los Angeles.[13][15] Decker praised Humphrey's mixing, saying: "We had been living with some of these songs for ten months. We were so sick of them, but he got [the band] excited by the way he did it."[13] Of the 50 songs written for The Height of Callousness, Spineshank recorded 16 with Richardson then chose "the 11 most vile and pissed off ones for the record", according to Santos.[14] Decker said one of the album's B-sides "Four Letter Word" was cut from the album because "the label liked [it] and [Spineshank] didn't".[8]

Music and themes edit

The Height of Callousness has been described as nu metal,[16][17][18] industrial metal,[19] "techno-metal"[20][21] and electronica.[22][23] "Cyanide 2600" has been described as drum 'n' bass.[24][25] The album has a heavier, more-energetic and more-aggressive sound than Strictly Diesel, although some elements on The Height of Callousness, such as drop-tuned guitars, and the mix of electronic programming and samples with live drumming, are carried over from the earlier album.[1] The album was also noted for its slicker production,[17] more melodic choruses and songwriting,[4][26] and Santos' mix of clean singing and screaming.[4][27]

The album's lyrics are themed around depression, betrayal, anger, self-doubt and self-confidence.[1][10] Decker wrote most of the album's lyrics, feeling he had to prove himself due to the reception of Strictly Diesel. He said:

I was really focused and I felt like I had a lot to prove. All the shit talking got to me, and I felt like saying when we did Strictly Diesel, we were the band we always knew we could be, but we just didn't know how to get it out.[1]

In an interview with Metal Hammer, Santos described the album's lyrics as "honest", and said it is "really about, 'Yeah, I'm fucked, there's nothing you can do to help me. I'm going to face my doom on my own' ".[11] Sarkisyan has said The Height of Callousness is not a concept album, despite its recurring themes.[10] According to Decker, the album's title is "about getting to that point, where you truly do not give a fuck what anyone in the world thinks! That's the point where nothing matters except the real shit, the stuff that's in your head, its a fucked up place to be emotionally."[8]

Release and promotion edit

In the August 2000 issue of Metal Hammer, Spineshank announced they had completed The Height of Callousness and exclusively revealed the album's track listing to the magazine.[13] Roadrunner released the album in Europe on October 9, 2000, in the United States the day after.[1][28] In the lead-up to the album's release, Spineshank were due to join the Tattoo the Earth tour in July 2000 as a replacement for Puya but canceled due to communication issues.[8][29] "Our booking agent told us we were on the tour, but we weren't. We ended up following it for four or five shows and played only one of them", Sarkisyan said.[30] In August 2000, the band filmed a music video for "Synthetic" with director Nathan Cox, and filmed a cameo appearance for the 2001 film Knight Club.[8][31] Afterward, Spineshank toured the U.S. with Hed PE and Slaves on Dope from September to October 2000.[12][32] Spineshank was also promoted through appearances on MTV's compilation The Return of the Rock Volume 2, which was released in November 2000;[33] on the soundtrack album for the 2001 film 3000 Miles to Graceland;[34][35] and in the video games Shaun Palmer's Pro Snowboarder (2001),[36] MX Superfly (2002)[37] and Backyard Wrestling: Don't Try This at Home (2003).[38]

Between February 20 and March 9, 2001, Spineshank toured as support for Orgy on their Vapor Transmission tour,[35][39] then toured with Disturbed as support for their headlining U.S. tour from March to April 2001.[40] Spineshank also performed on the second stage of the 2001 Ozzfest tour,[41] which Sarkisyan credited with giving the band significant exposure.[30] On July 25, 2001, Roadrunner re-released The Height of Callousness in Europe as a "Collectors Digipak Edition" that includes four bonus tracks, and enhanced CD music videos of "Synthetic" and "New Disease" in an attempt to "combat expensive US imports" of the album.[42] The digipak edition was released in the U.S. on September 25, 2001.[43] Between September 2 and September 8, 2001, Spineshank embarked on a brief tour of the United Kingdom with labelmates Dry Kill Logic as support, and participated in in-store signing events in the country.[44][45]

Reception edit

Commercial edit

The Height of Callousness sold 3,682 copies in its first week, entering the Billboard 200 chart at number 183[46][47] and the UK Albums Chart at number 123.[48] In June 2001, the album peaked on the UK Albums Chart at number 104.[48] As of March 2002, The Height of Callousness has sold over 146,000 units in the U.S., according to Nielsen SoundScan.[49] On July 22, 2013, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified the album silver, signifying the sale of 60,000 copies in the UK.[50]

"Synthetic" was issued as the lead single from The Height of Callousness on September 26, 2000, receiving moderate radio airplay and rotation on MTV.[33][51][52] On January 15, 2001, "New Disease" was released to radio stations in the United States as the album's second single.[53] "New Disease" experienced significant radio success, reaching number 33 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart on April 21, 2001.[54][55] The single also received airplay on the British alternative radio station Xfm.[56] Coinciding with the band's tour of the UK, Roadrunner released "New Disease" as a single in that country on September 10, 2001, reaching number 84 on the UK Singles Chart.[45][57] Billboard's Airplay Monitor ranked "New Disease" at number 78 on their list of the "Most-Played Active Rock Songs of 2001".[58] Despite the single's chart success, David Locano, a Roadrunner rep, said "New Disease" suffered from being released as the album's second single "in a time when radio really didn't have patience for follow-ups to mediocre performing songs".[59]

Critical edit

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic     [28]
Blabbermouth.net8/10[26]
Classic Rock     [60]
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music     [3]
Kerrang!     [4]
NME2/10[17]
Rock Hard8.5/10[61]
Rock Sound     [27]
Terrorizer6.5/10[18]
Vue Weekly    [62]

The Height of Callousness received generally positive reviews. Several critics compared the album to Strictly Diesel and saw it as an improvement over that album.[2][4][27] A retrospective review of The Height of Callousness in The Encyclopedia of Popular Music said it "could have been the work of a different band".[3] Liam Sheils of Kerrang! and Lewis Fraser of Rock Sound both said while The Height of Callousness is not a radical reinvention of Spineshank's sound, its memorable choruses significantly strengthen the album; both reviewers also said it compliments its aggressive edge.[4][27] Others, however, were more critical; Catherine Yates of Terrorizer commented the album's tracks, except "New Disease" and "Cyanide 2600", "fail to provide true neck-snapping euphoria".[18] Andy Capper of NME said the album was proof that the nu metal genre was "bland, copycat, inspirationless garbage", perceiving the album's production and "radio playability" to be a cover for its lack of original riffs and "godawful" lyrics.[17]

Kevin L. Smith of AllMusic found the album difficult to listen to due to its aggression.[28] Blabbermouth.net said the "harsh edge" of its guitars is at odds with the accessibility of its material but that this is "a relatively minor flaw that should have no bearing on [Spineshank]'s ability to make a significant commercial impact".[26] Vue Weekly's T.C. Shaw found the album becomes more accessible with repeated listens despite its aggressive qualities.[63] According to Gregg Pratt of Exclaim!, the album's anger is "forced" and its use of electronics is "kind of embarrassing sounding somehow".[64]

Kerrang!,[65] Metal Hammer[66][67] and Loudwire[68] have included The Height of Callousness on retrospective album lists for the nu metal genre. "New Disease" has also appeared on retrospective nu metal songs lists by Metal Hammer,[69] NME[70]and Spin.[71] In 2022, a Revolver readers' poll of the "Top 5 Heaviest Nu-Metal Songs" ranked the album's title track fifth.[72]

Track listing edit

All music is composed by Spineshank.[15]

No.TitleLyricsLength
1."Asthmatic"Tommy Decker3:30
2."The Height of Callousness"Decker3:03
3."Synthetic"Decker3:10
4."New Disease"Decker3:14
5."(Can't Be) Fixed"Decker3:12
6."Cyanide 2600"
  • Decker
  • Jonny Santos
  • Robert Garcia
3:10
7."Play God"
  • Santos
  • Garcia
4:02
8."Malnutrition"Decker3:30
9."Seamless"Santos3:44
10."Negative Space"Santos2:39
11."Transparent"Santos3:53
Total length:37:12
Collector's Digipak Edition bonus tracks
No.TitleLyricsLength
12."Perfect Ending"Santos3:48
13."Full Circle"Santos3:26
14."The Height of Callousness" (Fist Fuck Integrity Mix[b]) 3:19
15."Asthmatic" (Punctured Lung Mix) 4:29
Total length:52:15

Personnel edit

Personnel per liner notes.[15][73]

Chart positions edit

Chart (2000–01) Peak

position

UK Albums (OCC)[48] 104
UK Rock & Metal Albums (OCC)[74] 5
US Billboard 200[46] 183
US Heatseekers Albums (Billboard)[75] 13

Certifications and sales edit

Region Certification Certified units/sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[76] Silver 60,000^
United States 146,568[49]

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

Release history edit

Release history for The Height of Callousness
Reigon Label Format Date Catalog # Ref.
Europe Roadrunner CD October 9, 2000 RR 8563-2 [1]
United States October 10, 2000 [28]
Europe CD (Collector's Digipak Edition) July 23, 2001 RR 8563-5 [42]
United States September 25, 2001 168 618 468-2 [43]
Various Real Gone Music LP April 1, 2022 RGM-1282 [77]

Notes edit

  1. ^ Collector's Digipak Edition artwork is similar, but the orange and blue hues are swapped.
  2. ^ Listed as "Force Fed Integrity Mix" on US versions of the album[73]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Sindell 2000, p. 21.
  2. ^ a b Ingram 2002, p. 208.
  3. ^ a b c Larkin 2006, p. 663.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Sheils 2000, p. 45.
  5. ^ a b Karpe 2021, p. 156.
  6. ^ "SpineShank News". spineshank.net. Archived from the original on October 13, 2000. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  7. ^ a b c d Kulkarni 2000, p. 32.
  8. ^ a b c d e wookubus (December 14, 2000). "Spineshank: Questions answered by: Tommy Decker (Drums), (Programming)". ThePRP. Archived from the original on August 3, 2001. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  9. ^ Savio 2000, p. A3.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g Fraser 2000a, p. 40.
  11. ^ a b c d e f Kulkarni 2000, p. 33.
  12. ^ a b Richardson, Jenn (October 19, 2000). "Interview with Spineshank". UnEarthed.Com. Archived from the original on August 19, 2022. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b c d e Taylor 2000, p. 15.
  14. ^ a b Udo 2002, p. 162.
  15. ^ a b c Spineshank (2000). The Height of Callousness (booklet). Roadrunner Records. RR 8563-2.
  16. ^ "The 50 best nu metal albums of all time". April 2022. Archived from the original on April 4, 2022. Retrieved July 18, 2022.
  17. ^ a b c d Capper 2000, p. 41.
  18. ^ a b c Yates 2000, p. 58.
  19. ^ "Interview: Spineshank talk 'The Height of Callousness' with KnotFest!". Metal Noise. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
  20. ^ Sheils 2000, p. 45. "punishing techno-metal onslaught".
  21. ^ Fraser 2000b, p. 93. " 'Malnutrition' is an explosive rock-techno bastard".
  22. ^ Kulkarni 2000, p. 32. "[The Height of Callousness is] a brilliant album, one that takes the sonic invention of the best European electronica, the finest in twisted US metal and spins it through a shredder that renders all brackets blasted apart and ultimately irrelevant".
  23. ^ Fraser 2000b, p. 93. "[a] well-rounded slab of metal electronica".
  24. ^ Sheils 2000, p. 45. "[I]t's not until 'Cyanide 2600' that the pace slackens any and some skittering drum 'n' bass is introduced".
  25. ^ Fraser 2000b, p. 93. " 'Cyanide 2600 is a frantic drum 'n' bass affair".
  26. ^ a b c Krgin, Borivoj (December 17, 2001). "CD Reviews - The Height Of Callousness Spineshank". Blabbermouth.net. Archived from the original on May 15, 2021. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
  27. ^ a b c d Fraser 2000b, p. 93.
  28. ^ a b c d "The Height of Callousness - Spineshank". Allmusic.
  29. ^ Mancini, Rob (July 18, 2000). "Tattoo The Earth Shuffles Bands As Tour Kicks Off". MTV News. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  30. ^ a b Karpe 2021, p. 158.
  31. ^ Mancini, Rob (August 17, 2000). "Spineshank Readies Film, Video, Album". MTV News. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  32. ^ "Spineshank, Slaves On Dope Tapped For (hed) pe Tour". MTV. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  33. ^ a b Wonsiewicz 2000, p. 41.
  34. ^ van Horn, Teri (January 17, 2001). "(hed) pe Shoot Video For Song On 'Graceland' Soundtrack". MTV News. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  35. ^ a b "SpineShank News Updates". roadrunnerrecords.co.uk. Archived from the original on February 24, 2001. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  36. ^ IGN Staff (September 18, 2001). "Activision Announces Shaun Palmer Soundtrack". IGN. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  37. ^ Casamassina, Matt (June 14, 2002). "MX Superfly". IGN. Archived from the original on October 19, 2021. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  38. ^ "Backyard Wrestling's Soundtrack Line-up - XboxAddict News". xboxaddict.com. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  39. ^ "Alien Ant Farm Invasion Begins With LP, Tours". MTV. Archived from the original on March 22, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  40. ^ "Disturbed To Spread Sickness On Tour". MTV. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  41. ^ Chamberlain, Rich; Dome, Malcolm (June 24, 2021). "From Sabbath to Slipknot: A complete history of Ozzfest". Metal Hammer] (loudersound). Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  42. ^ a b "Spineshank News Updates". roadrunnerrecords.co.uk. Archived from the original on July 1, 2001. Retrieved June 12, 2023.
  43. ^ a b "Spineshank News". roadrunnerecords.com. Archived from the original on August 21, 2001. Retrieved June 12, 2023.
  44. ^ Weston, Colin (July 11, 2001). "Drowned in Sound - News - Spineshank Tour Ammendments". Drowned in Sound. Archived from the original on November 21, 2004. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  45. ^ a b Appleby, Ollie (August 7, 2001). "News: Forthcoming Road Runner Releases and Tour News - Drowned in Sound". Drowned in Sound. Archived from the original on July 18, 2003. Retrieved June 13, 2023.
  46. ^ a b Anon. 2000c, p. 101.
  47. ^ Anon. 2000e, p. 184.
  48. ^ a b c Zywietz, Tobias. "Chart Log UK: DJ S - The System of Life". Zobbel. Archived from the original on December 17, 2009. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  49. ^ a b Blabbermouth (March 30, 2002). "Metal/Hard Rock Album Sales In The US As Reported By Soundscan". Blabbermouth.net. Archived from the original on October 30, 2002. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  50. ^ "Award - Spineshank The Height of Callousness". BPI. Archived from the original on June 8, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023.
  51. ^ Anon. 2000a, p. 162.
  52. ^ Anon. 2000d, p. 91.
  53. ^ Anon. 2001a, p. 53.
  54. ^ Turman 2001, p. 28.
  55. ^ Anon. 2001b, p. 77.
  56. ^ Anon. 2001c, p. 23.
  57. ^ "Spineshank | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company". www.officialcharts.com. Archived from the original on October 2, 2022. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  58. ^ Anon. 2001d, p. 35.
  59. ^ Sands 2002, p. 17.
  60. ^ Sadler 2000.
  61. ^ "The Height of Callousness". Rock Hard (Vol. 162) (in German). October 18, 2000. Archived from the original on June 10, 2023. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  62. ^ Shaw 2001, p. 33.
  63. ^ Shaw 2001, p. 32.
  64. ^ Pratt, Gregg (December 1, 2000). "Spineshank: The Height of Callousness". Exclaim!. Retrieved June 11, 2023.
  65. ^ Law, Sam (June 17, 2020). "The 21 greatest nu-metal albums of all time – ranked". Kerrang!. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  66. ^ Hobson, Rich; Everley, Dave; Hammer, Metal; Alderslade, Merlin (April 1, 2022). "The 50 best nu metal albums of all time". Metal Hammer (loudersound). Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  67. ^ Bezerlast, Terry (July 26, 2020). "The 8 most underrated nu metal albums". Metal Hammer (loudersound). Archived from the original on December 1, 2022. Retrieved June 12, 2023.
  68. ^ Lemeshow-Barooshian, Rae (January 1, 2020). "The 50 Best Nu-Metal Albums of All-Time". Loudwire. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  69. ^ Metal Hammer (October 23, 2019). "The 40 best nu metal songs of all time". Metal Hammer (loudersound). Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved June 12, 2023.
  70. ^ NME Blog (June 22, 2011). "The Essential Nu-Metal Playlist". NME. Archived from the original on August 22, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2023.
  71. ^ Zaleski, Annie (May 17, 2017). "The 30 Best Nu-Metal Songs". SPIN. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  72. ^ Enis, Eli (May 11, 2022). "Fan Poll: Top 5 Heaviest Nu-Metal Songs". Revolver. Archived from the original on December 19, 2022. Retrieved June 12, 2023.
  73. ^ a b Spineshank (2001). The Height of Callousness (Collector's Digipak Edition) (booklet). Roadrunner Records. 168 618 468-2.
  74. ^ "Official Rock & Metal Albums Chart Top 40 | 15 October 2000 - 21 October 2000". officialcharts.com. Archived from the original on March 29, 2019. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  75. ^ Anon. 2000b, p. 25.
  76. ^ "British album certifications – Spineshank – The Height of Callousness". British Phonographic Industry. Select albums in the Format field. Select Silver in the Certification field. Type The Height of Callousness in the "Search BPI Awards" field and then press Enter.
  77. ^ "Spineshank 'The Height of Callousness' LP (Limited Red Cloud Vinyl)". Revolver. Archived from the original on June 15, 2023. Retrieved June 12, 2023.

Bibliography edit

Further reading edit

  • Ingham, Chris (February 2001). "Spineshank: Growing Up is Hard to Do". Metal Hammer. No. 83. UK: Future plc. pp. 64–66.

External links edit