The Pierinae are a large subfamily of pierid butterflies. The subfamily is one of several clades of butterflies often referred to as the whites.
| Pierinae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Pieris rapae (small white) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pieridae |
| Subfamily: | Pierinae Swainson, 1820 |
| Tribes[1] | |
| |
Species edit
It includes the following species (additional species can be found under the tribes listed in the adjacent box):
- Anthocharis belia – Morocco orange tip
- Anthocharis cethura – desert orangetip
- Anthocharis cethura catalina – Catalina orangetip
- Anthocharis damone – eastern orange tip
- Anthocharis euphenoides – Provence orange tip
- Anthocharis gruneri – Grüner's orange tip
- Anthocharis julia – southern Rocky Mountain orangetip
- Anthocharis lanceolata – gray marble
- Anthocharis limonea – Mexican orangetip
- Anthocharis midea – falcate orangetip
- Anthocharis sara – Sara's orangetip
- Anthocharis sara thoosa – southwestern orangetip
- Anthocharis scolymus – yellow tip
- Anthocharis stella – Stella orangetip
- Anthocharis stella browningi – Utah Stella orangetip
- Euchloe belemia – green-striped white
- Euchloe charlonia – greenish black-tip
- Euchloe crameri – western dappled white
- Euchloe olympia – Olympia marble
- Phoebis avellaneda – red-splashed sulphur
- Pieris angelika – Arctic white
- Pieris brassicae – large white
- Pieris marginalis – margined white
- Pieris marginalis reicheli – Reichel's margined white
- Pieris oleracea – mustard white
- Pieris oleracea frigida – Newfoundland white
- Pieris rapae – small white
- Pieris virginiensis – West Virginia white butterfly
References edit
- ^ Wahlberg, N.; Rota, J.; Braby, M.F.; Pierce, N.E.; Wheat, C.W. (2014). "Revised systematics and higher classification of pierid butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) based on molecular data". Zoologica Scripta. 43 (6): 641–650. doi:10.1111/zsc.12075.
Further reading edit
- Glassberg, Jeffrey (2001). Butterflies through Binoculars, The West
- Guppy, Crispin S. and Shepard, Jon H. (2001). Butterflies of British Columbia
- James, David G. and Nunnallee, David (2011). Life Histories of Cascadia Butterflies
- Pelham, Jonathan (2008). Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada
- Pyle, Robert Michael (2002). The Butterflies of Cascadia
External links edit
Media related to Pierinae at Wikimedia Commons- Pierinae at TOL Suggested phylogeny and images.
- Butterflies and Moths of North America
- Butterflies of America
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