Pedro Benedit Horruytiner y Catalán (1613 – November 20, 1684) was a Spanish soldier who served as interim co-governor of Spanish Florida (La Florida) between 1646 and 1648, and as governor between 1651 and 1654. When governor Benito Ruíz de Salazar Vallecilla was suspended from office in 1646, acting royal contador (accountant or comptroller) Horruytiner and Francisco Menendez Marquez served as co-governors until Salazar Vallecilla was returned to office in 1648.
Pedro Benedit Horruytiner | |
|---|---|
| Royal Governor of La Florida | |
| In office 11 April 1646 – 8 January 1648 | |
| Preceded by | Benito Ruíz de Salazar Vallecilla |
| Succeeded by | Benito Ruíz de Salazar Vallecilla |
| In office 19 October 1651 – 18 June 1654 | |
| Preceded by | Nicolás Ponce de León |
| Succeeded by | Diego de Rebolledo |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1613 Zaragoza, Spain |
| Died | November 20, 1684 (aged 71) Florida |
| Profession | Soldier and Administrator (Governor of Florida) |
Biography edit
Pedro Benedit Horruytiner was born in Zaragoza, Spain[1] in 1613. He was the son of Gilberto Benedit Horruytiner and Inés Catalán, and the brother of Micaela Benedit Horruytiner Aragón. He was a nephew of the former governor of Florida, Luis Benedit Horruitiner.[2] Pedro Horruytiner joined the Spanish Army as a youth on December 10, 1635. and gained the ranks of sergeant major ("sargento mayor") and lieutenant colonel, which he held when he was appointed interim governor of Florida. Horruytiner moved to Saint Augustine the capital of Spanish Florida, on 11 April 1646.[1]
Pedro Benedit Horruytiner was appointed acting co-governor of Florida on 11 April 1646.[3] On September 5, 1647, Horruytiner and Francisco Menendez Marquez issued an ultimatum to the Chisca Indians, who had attacked the Christianized Timucuan settlements,[4] forcing them to choose within two months between their annihilation in Florida, or settlement in the towns of the Christian Timucua. Consequently, the Chisca chieftains agreed to settle their people in the Timucua mission settlements.
In January of the same year, Horruytiner ordered Ensign Pedro de Florencia to search for the Indians who had been living in the missions of San Francisco de Potano and Santa Fé de Teleco, fearing those places would be permanently depopulated. Although the expedition seems to have achieved its goal as the Spanish attempted to repopulate these settlements, their demographic decline continued.[5][6]
Horruytiner's term as interim governor of Florida ended on 8 January 1648; he was reappointed as governor on 19 October 1651. He retired on 18 June 1654, and was replaced by Diego de Rebolledo.[3] Horruytiner died at the age of 71 on November 20, 1684, still in the service of the Spanish Crown.[1]
Personal life edit
Pedro Benedit Horruytiner married María Ruíz de Cañizares Mexía y Florencia in Saint Augustine, on February 19, 1637. They had several children, including Isabel, Manuela, Jacobina, Juan, Pedro, Josef, Lorenzo, and Juan Benedit de Horruytiner y Ruíz de Cañizares.[1] Juan Horruytiner was a captain in the Spanish Army.[7]
Legacy edit
- The private library of Pedro Benedit Horruytiner in St. Augustine is one of the oldest preserved in Florida.[8] The library's history was described by historians Luis R. Arana and Eugenia B. Arana in their work,. "A private library in St Augustine, 1680", which appeared in "El Escribano: The St. Augustine Journal of History" (8:4, 1971, pp. 158–171), published by the St. Augustine Historical Society.[8]
- In the book Ghosts of St. Augustine by Dave Lapham and Tom Lapham, which collects popular stories about ghosts in St. Augustine, a story is told entitled The Gallant Governor about Governor Don Pedro Horruytiner. The story tells of alleged encounters with several ghostly figures, which have been linked both to Hurruitiner and to a cat supposedly killed there.[9]
- A distant descendant of Horruytiner, José Antonio Primo de Rivera, son of the Spanish dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera, was the founder of the Falangist Spanish political party, which governed Spain between 1923 and 1930. He was killed on November 20 (the same date as Pedro Benedit Horruytiner's death), in 1936 during the Spanish Civil War.[1]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e Revista Hidalguía número 298-299. Año 2003. 298-299. Ediciones Hidalguia. 2003. p. 516. GGKEY:U29GGJGT4CY.
- ^ Juan - Heráldica Aragonesa: Genealogía de Aragón y Pedro Benedit Horruytiner
- ^ a b John Worth. "The Governors of Colonial Florida, 1565-1821". University of West Florida. Archived from the original on 2016-01-30.
- ^ Steve Rajtar (19 November 2009). Indian War Sites: A Guidebook to Battlefields, Monuments, and Memorials, State by State with Canada and Mexico. McFarland. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-4766-1042-9.
- ^ John E. Worth (1998). The Timucuan Chiefdoms of Spanish Florida: Resistance and destruction. University Press of Florida. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-8130-1575-0.
- ^ John E. Worth (1992). "Timucuan Missions of Spanish Florida and the Rebellion of 1656". archive.org. University of Florida.
- ^ Eleanor Philips Barnes (1961). "To be added to the section recording Lorenzo Horruytiner". ufdc.ufl.edu. University of Florida. pp. 2–3. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
- ^ a b Santamaría García, Antonio (2011). Florida en el siglo XVI. Bibliografía anotada (English: Florida in the 16th century. annotated Bibliography). Page 3.
- ^ Lapham, Dave; Lapham, Tom (1997). Ghosts of St. Augustine. Pineapple Press, Inc. pp. 9–19. ISBN 1-56164-123-5.