The Phage 21 S (P21 Holin) Family (TC# 1.E.1) is a member of the Holin Superfamily II.[1]
The Bacteriophage P21 Lysis protein S holin (TC# 1.E.1.1.1) is the prototype for class II holins. Lysis S proteins have two transmembrane segments (TMSs), with both the N- and C-termini on the cytoplasmic side of the inner membrane.[2] TMS1 may be dispensable for function.[3]
A homologue of the P21 holin is the holin of bacteriophage H-19B (TC# 1.E.1.1.3). The gene encoding it has been associated with the Shiga-like Toxin I gene in E. coli.[4] It may function in toxin export as has been proposed for the X. nematophila holin-1 (TC #1.E.2.1.4).[5]
A representative list of proteins belonging to the P21 holin family can be found in the Transporter Classification Database.
See also edit
Further reading edit
- Gaeng, Susanne; Scherer, Siegfried; Neve, Horst; Loessner, Martin J. (2000-07-01). "Gene Cloning and Expression and Secretion of Listeria monocytogenes Bacteriophage-Lytic Enzymes in Lactococcus lactis".Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66 (7): 2951–2958. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 92096. PMID 10877791.
- Lacal, J C; Santos, E; Notario, V; Barbacid, M; Yamazaki, S; Kung, H; Seamans, C; McAndrew, S; Crowl, R (1984-09-01). "Expression of normal and transforming H-ras genes in Escherichia coli and purification of their encoded p21 proteins.". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 81(17): 5305–5309. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 391692.PMID 6089191.
- Pang, Ting; Savva, Christos G.; Fleming, Karen G.; Struck, Douglas K.; Young, Ry (2009-11-10)."Structure of the lethal phage pinhole". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106 (45): 18966–18971.doi:10.1073/pnas.0907941106. ISSN 1091-6490.PMC 2776468. PMID 19861547.
- Park, Taehyun; Struck, Douglas K.; Dankenbring, Chelsey A.; Young, Ry (2007-12-01). "The pinholin of lambdoid phage 21: control of lysis by membrane depolarization". Journal of Bacteriology 189(24): 9135–9139. doi:10.1128/JB.00847-07. ISSN 1098-5530. PMC 2168629. PMID 17827300.
- Srividhya, K. V.; Krishnaswamy, S. (2007-08-01). "Subclassification and targeted characterization of prophage-encoded two-component cell lysis cassette".Journal of Biosciences 32 (5): 979–990. ISSN 0250-5991.PMID 17914239.
References edit
- ^ Reddy, Bhaskara L.; Saier, Milton H. (2013-11-01). "Topological and phylogenetic analyses of bacterial holin families and superfamilies". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes. 1828 (11): 2654–2671. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.07.004. ISSN 0006-3002. PMC 3788059. PMID 23856191.
- ^ Gründling, A.; Bläsi, U.; Young, R. (2000-01-14). "Biochemical and genetic evidence for three transmembrane domains in the class I holin, lambda S". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (2): 769–776. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.2.769. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10625606.
- ^ Park, Taehyun; Struck, Douglas K.; Deaton, John F.; Young, Ry (2006-12-26). "Topological dynamics of holins in programmed bacterial lysis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (52): 19713–19718. Bibcode:2006PNAS..10319713P. doi:10.1073/pnas.0600943103. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 1750887. PMID 17172454.
- ^ Neely, M. N.; Friedman, D. I. (1998-06-01). "Functional and genetic analysis of regulatory regions of coliphage H-19B: location of shiga-like toxin and lysis genes suggest a role for phage functions in toxin release" (PDF). Molecular Microbiology. 28 (6): 1255–1267. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00890.x. hdl:2027.42/74784. ISSN 0950-382X. PMID 9680214. S2CID 1414516.
- ^ Brillard, Julien; Boyer-Giglio, Marie Hélène; Boemare, Noël; Givaudan, Alain (2003-01-21). "Holin locus characterisation from lysogenic Xenorhabdus nematophila and its involvement in Escherichia coli SheA haemolytic phenotype". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 218 (1): 107–113. doi:10.1016/s0378-1097(02)01139-4. ISSN 0378-1097. PMID 12583905.
As of 10 March 2016, this article is derived in whole or in part from Transporter Classification Database (TCDB). The copyright holder has licensed the content in a manner that permits reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 and GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed. The original text was at "1.E.1 The P21 Holin S (P21 Holin) Family"