Norman Frank Kember (born 1931) is an emeritus professor of biophysics at Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry[1] and a Christian pacifist active in campaigning on issues of war and peace. As a Baptist, he is a long-standing member of the Baptist Peace Fellowship of North America and the Fellowship of Reconciliation. As a conscientious objector to military service, he worked in a hospital in the early 1950s, which stimulated his interest in medical physics. He has been involved with the "Peace Zone" at the annual Greenbelt Festival.[2]
Norman Kember | |
|---|---|
| Born | Norman Frank Kember 1931 (age 92–93) |
| Occupation | Professor |
| Known for | Being taken hostage in Iraq |
He became internationally known in 2005 when, as a member of a delegation of Christian Peacemaker Teams (CPT) in Iraq, he was taken hostage with three other CPT members, leading to a widely publicised hostage crisis.
Kidnapping edit
On 26 November 2005, Kember (a delegate) and three other Western peace workers with CPT (American Tom Fox and Canadians James Loney and Harmeet Singh Sooden) were kidnapped by a previously unknown group calling itself the Swords of Righteousness Brigade.[citation needed]
According to his family, Kember went to Iraq to help Iraqis. Kember's family said: "Norman’s recent trip to visit the people of Iraq serves to highlight his willingness to listen to people from all backgrounds, beliefs, and walks of life and his determination to promote equality amongst all people." "He has gone to Iraq to listen, not convert; to learn from the Iraqi people, not to impose values; to promote peace and understanding."[3]
On 5 December 2005 Kember's wife made a plea for his release. Her 30-second plea was shown on Arab broadcast station Al Jazeera.[4] A 10 December deadline was set by the kidnappers for the release of all Iraqi prisoners, or the hostages would be executed. It passed without any word on the hostages' fate.[5]
As the deadline passed, and with no news of his whereabouts, his friends held an hour-long silent vigil for him in Trafalgar Square, London.[6] A further vigil was held by local dignitaries and friends at Harrow Civic Centre.[7] Two weeks later, with the Kember family still waiting to hear news, they set up a telephone line, hoping that the kidnappers would contact them.[8]
On 28 January 2006 a new video was released by his captors and shown on Al-Jazeera television. They stated that this was the "last chance" for their demands to be met.[9]
On 5 March vigils were held in Trafalgar Square to mark 100 days since Kember was taken hostage.[10] and on March 7 a new tape of Kember was aired on Arab satellite television station al-Jazeera. Three days later, the body of Kember's American colleague Tom Fox was found.
Release edit
On 23 March Kember and the others were freed during a raid by multinational forces led by British Special Forces. None of the captors were present at the time of the raid, no shots were fired and no-one was injured.[11] Kember himself assumes that the non-violent manner of his release was a result of a previous campaign to get hold of one of his captors who obviously uncovered the address of the place in return for allowance to inform his comrades that they should stay away from the place.
Kember was repeatedly criticised for his response toward the military forces involved in his release. He refused to provide military intelligence with any information regarding his captors. He also requested the withdrawal of coalition forces from Iraq. On 24 March General Sir Michael Jackson told Channel 4 News that he was "saddened that there doesn't seem to have been a note of gratitude for the soldiers who risked their lives to save those lives".[12] On 25 March, in a telephone phone-in discussion on BBC Radio 5 Live, Colonel Bob Stewart, a former British Commander under United Nations command in Bosnia from September 1992 to May 1993 suggested that Kember and people like him were a liability, since he had ignored advice not to go to Baghdad and the security services, the British government and multinational forces had diverted valuable time and resources to rescue a "foolish, albeit well-intentioned, meddling civilian". His alleged lack of gratitude was criticised as not being characteristic of true Christian values.
Aftermath edit
He arrived back in the United Kingdom on 25 March and released a written statement saying "I do not believe that a lasting peace [in Iraq] is achieved by armed force, but I pay tribute to their (the armed forces) courage and thank those who played a part in my rescue". Later that day he also released a video statement in which he again thanked his rescuers, and those who had supported his family throughout his kidnapping.[13]
A public interview with Kember was recorded at the Greenbelt Christian Arts Festival at Cheltenham in August 2006.[14]
Kember wrote an account of his kidnapping, Hostage in Iraq, which was published in 2007.[15] He himself considers it an irony that he travelled to Iraq to oppose the military intervention and was flown out of Baghdad in a military helicopter, guarded by machine guns. He also discusses whether his peace testimony has been compromised and what alternatives would have been at hand. In lectures and interviews, Kember states that what saddens him is the fact that he is alive and well, while people in Iraq, servicemen as well as civilians, are constantly threatened and many have meanwhile lost their lives.[citation needed]
Pleas for his release edit
Many individuals and groups asked for Kember's release; including: Terry Waite, radical Islamic cleric Abu Qatada, Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood, and Briton Moazzam Begg, a former detainee at the Guantanamo Bay prison.[16]
Arrest of kidnappers edit
On 7 November 2006 Iraqi government troops arrested individuals suspected of involvement in the kidnap and imprisonment of Kember. The same day, Kember released a statement in which he refused to testify against them.[17]
Hostage in Iraq edit
A year after his dramatic release by a multinational military raid, Kember revealed his story behind the controversy of his captivity in Baghdad in his book Hostage in Iraq. Writing for The Guardian newspaper, Kember praised his captors' conduct, stating that "I am almost surprised that we were treated so moderately by our captors – apart, that is, from the tragic, largely unexplained, decision to kill Tom Fox, the American Quaker."[18]
Kember provides bail for Abu Qatada edit
In May 2008 Kember controversially provided bail security for the release of Abu Qatada. Qatada, who requested the release of Kember, entered the UK using a forged passport but was allowed to remain in the UK on appeal under the British Human Rights Act 1998 and European Convention on Human Rights, despite suspected continued terrorist involvement, and was held in prison until his release by the Special Immigration Appeals Commission.[citation needed]
See also edit
References edit
- Notes
- ^ Wilby, Peter (3 April 2006). "The media column - Peter Wilby is cornered by the finger-waggers". New Statesman. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
- ^ Christian peacemakers bring their message to Greenbelt https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/14715
- ^ Kidnapped Briton 'a man of peace', say family, Times Online, November 30, 2005
- ^ Hostage wife in TV plea, Daily Record, 5 December 2005
- ^ Kember family pray as deadline passes, Channel 4, 10 December 2005
- ^ Silent vigil for hostage Kember, BBC News, 12 December 2005
- ^ Reflection held for Norman Kember, Harrow Times, 14 December 2005
- ^ Kember family issue fresh appeal, BBC News, 24 December 2005
- ^ Kember captors release new video, BBC News, 28 January 2006
- ^ Vigils held for kidnapped Kember, BBC News, 5 March 2006
- ^ British Iraq hostage Kember freed, BBC News, 23 March 2006
- ^ Carrell, Severin (26 March 2006). "The return of Norman Kember: A bitter homecoming". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
- ^ Freed Kember thanks rescue troops. BBC News, 25 March 2006
- ^ "An Interview with Norman Kember (Hosted by Canon Lucy Winkett)".
- ^ pub.Darton,Longman & Todd Ltd ISBN 9780232526998
- ^ "Peacemaker who wanted to do more". BBC News. 23 March 2006.
- ^ Kember court testimony 'unlikely'
- ^ Kember, Norman (27 November 2009). "Iraqis' stories must be heard". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
- General references
- Concern grows for Iraq hostages, BBC News, 10 December 2005
- Iraq hostage deadline passes with silence from kidnappers, CBC News, 10 December 2005
External links edit
- Baptist Peace Fellowship
- Christian Peacemaker Teams
- Fellowship of Reconciliation
- Free The Captives: Petition for the release of Christian Peacemakers being held in Iraq – includes latest news and daily updates
- Interview with Norman Kember at Premier.tv
- Norman Kember talks to Nigel Bovey, editor of The War Cry