Nivruttinath (c. 11 February 1273 – 24 June 1297) was a 13th-century Marathi Bhakti saint, poet, philosopher and yogi of the Vaishnava Nath tradition. He was the elder brother and the mentor (guru) of Dnyaneshwar, the first Varkari saint.[1][2]
Nivrutti Vitthalpant Kulkarni | |
|---|---|
| Personal | |
| Born | 11 February 1273 Apegaon, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India |
| Died | Sanjeevan Samadhi 24 June 1297 Trimbakeshwar |
| Religion | Hinduism |
| Known for | Guru of Saint Dnyaneshwar |
| Order | Vaishnavism, Nath |
| Philosophy | Advaita vedanta, Varkari, Hinduism |
| Religious career | |
| Guru | Gahaninath (NathPhilosophy) |
Disciples
| |
| Honors | Sant (Saint) |
Family and early life edit
Nivruttinath was born in Apegaon village on the bank of Godavari river near Paithan in Maharashtra into a Deshastha Brahmin family during the reign of the Yadava King Ramadevarava.[3][4]
Nivruttinath was one of the four children, and the eldest son, of Vitthalapant, a kulkarni (hereditary accountant), and Rakhumabai.[5] Vitthalpant did atonement for the acceptance of his children in society. Vitthal Panth and his wife were suggested to give up their life to get rid of the ex-communication as Vitthal Panth was believed to be a sannyasin but after the birth of his children, Orthodox Brahmins of the day saw a renunciate returning to his life as a householder as heresy and Nivruttinath and his siblings were denied the right to have in society.
Vitthal Pant and his wife gave up their lives, within a year by jumping into the Indrayani River,[6] leaving their child behind. after that nivrutti had to look after his siblings. Being creative poet and philosopher,Nivrutti suggested his younger brother Dnyaneshwar to translate Geeta which was written in Sanskrit into Marathi language in order to get the people know easily. He offered Dnyaneshwar his entire spiritual wealth and achievement.
Nath Tradition edit
At around the age of 10, Nivruttinath's family moved to Nashik. During a pilgrimage trip, Vitthalapant along with his family was confronted by a tiger. The family escaped while Nivruttinath got separated from the family. He hid in a cave on the Anjani mountain where he met Gahaninath, who initiated Nivruttinath into the wisdom of the Nath tradition.[6][7][8]
Dnyaneshwar as disciple edit
The Natha Tradition is an initiatory Guru–shishya tradition.[citation needed] After the death of their parents, [7] Nivruttinath initiated Dnyaneshwar into the Nath tradition and become his teacher (Guru).[9]
Nivruttinath advised Dnyaneshwar to write an independent philosophical work. This work later came to be known as Amrutanubhav.[10][11][12]
Death and Resting Place edit
After the Samadhi of Dnyaneshwar, Nivruttinath left Alandi with his sister, Muktabai for a pilgrimage. During a thunderstorm, Muktabai was lost. Nivruttinath then attained Samadhi. The Resting place is situated near Trimbakeshwar. At his resting place, a temple has been erected which is visited by numerous devotees.
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Belsare, Kishori Devendra (983). Sant Nivruttinath _ a critical study.
- ^ Mysticism in India: The Poet-Saints of Maharashtra. State University of New York. 1983. p. 31. ISBN 9781438416861.
- ^ Bahirat 2006, p. 1.
- ^ Karhadkar, K. S. (1976) [January–February 1976]. "Dnyaneshwar and Marathi Literature". Indian Literature. 19 (1). Sahitya Akademi: 90–95. JSTOR 24157251.
- ^ Attwood 1992, p. 333.
- ^ a b Bahirat 2006, p. 13.
- ^ a b Ranade 1933, p. 33.
- ^ "From Nivrutti to Nivruttinath". www.speakingtree.in. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ^ Bahirat 2006, p. 6.
- ^ Abdi, Rupa. "THE WARKARI MOVEMENT I: Sant Dnyaneshwar – Beyond Brahmanical Tyranny". Retrieved 12 August 2017.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Bahirat 2006, p. 14.
- ^ Ranade 1933, p. 34.
Bibliography
- Attwood, Donald W. (1992), Raising cane: the political economy of sugar in western India, Westview Press, ISBN 978-0-8133-1287-3
- Bahirat, B. P. (2006), The Saint heritage of India, Cosmo Publications, ISBN 978-81-307-0124-0
- Ranade, Ramchandra Dattatraya (1933), Mysticism in India: The Poet-Saints of Maharashtra, SUNY Press, ISBN 978-0-87395-669-7
- Sundararajan, K. R.; Mukerji, Bithika (2003), Hindu Spirituality: Postclassical and Modern, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-1937-5