Millie Essie Gibson Hale (27 February 1881–6 June 1930)[1] was an American nurse, hospital founder, social activist, and civic worker.[2]
Millie Essie Gibson Hale | |
|---|---|
 Millie E. Hale, from a 1923 publication | |
| Born | February 27, 1881 Nashville, Tennessee |
| Died | June 6, 1930 (aged 49) Nashville, Tennessee |
| Resting place | Greenwood Cemetery (Nashville, Tennessee) |
| Monuments | Millie E. Hale Hospital |
| Education | Fisk University; Graduate School for Nurses, New York City |
| Occupation(s) | Hospital administrator, community leader |
| Spouse | John Henry Hale |
In 1916 she founded Millie E. Hale Hospital with her husband, John Henry Hale, M.D., in Nashville, Tennessee, the first year-round hospital for African Americans in the city.[2]
Early life and education edit
Millie Essie Gibson was born on 27 February 1881 in Nashville, Tennessee, one of five children[3] born to Henry and Nannie Gibson.[2] Her father was a blacksmith.[2] In 1901, she graduated from Fisk University's Normal School, subsequently studying at New York City's Graduate School for Nurses.[2][4] In 1927, she earned her bachelor's degree from Fisk.[5]
In December 1905,[6] Millie E. Gibson married John Henry Hale[5] in Davidson County, Tennessee.[6] John Henry Hale was a prominent surgeon and educator,[7] and the couple went on to have two daughters together: Mildred and Essie.[5]
Career edit
In 1916 she and her husband founded a hospital which was the first in Nashville to treat African-American patients year round.[8] At the time, African-Americans were denied care at other hospitals due to financial and racial discrimination.[9] Hale served as the hospital's head nurse and administrator.[10] In addition to these responsibilities, she created a monthly newspaper educating people on health issues, set up programs for prenatal care and nurse training,[11] bought land for playgrounds, and eventually transformed the Hale home into a community center.[9][12] The hospital was open for over two decades and closed eight years after her death in 1930.[9][13] It started with only a 12-bed hospital and it grew to 75 beds and thousands of patients were treated there from all over the South.[4]
Death and legacy edit
Millie E. Hale died in 1930, aged 49 years, in Nashville.[14] The Hales were inducted into the Tennessee Health Care Hall of Fame at Belmont University on October 16, 2018.[4]
References edit
- ^ Willis, Laticia Ann Marie (2013). "Hale, Millie E." Oxford African American Studies Center. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.36987. ISBN 978-0-19-530173-1. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
- ^ a b c d e Smith, Jessie Carney (1992). Notable Black American women. Internet Archive. Deroit : Gale Research. ISBN 978-0-8103-4749-6.
- ^ Hine, Darlene Clark; Thompson, Kathleen; Facts on File, Inc (1996). Facts on File encyclopedia of Black women in America. Internet Archive. New York : Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-3424-6.
{{cite book}}:|first3=has generic name (help) - ^ a b c Sandra Long Weaver (2018-10-25). "African American Health Care Providers Inducted". The Tennessee Tribune. Retrieved 2021-03-16.
- ^ a b c Smith, Jessie Carney (1992). Notable Black American women. Internet Archive. Deroit : Gale Research. ISBN 978-0-8103-4749-6.
- ^ a b "United States Marriages". FindMyPast. 19 December 1905.
- ^ Friedman, Emily (1994). An unfinished revolution : women and health care in America. Internet Archive. New York : United Hospital Fund of New York. ISBN 978-1-881277-17-0.
- ^ "A Hospital for Negroes with a Social Service Program" Opportunity (December 1923): 370. via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b c Zepp, George (2003-05-21). "Hale Hospital Nurtured Thousands of City's Blacks". The Tennessean. p. 22. Retrieved 2021-03-16.
- ^ Biddle-Douglass, Teresa (October 8, 2017). "Millie E. Hale". Tennessee Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 16, 2021.
- ^ "Nashville Race Hospital Looks After its Own". Kansas City Advocate. 1922-01-06. p. 1. Retrieved 2022-02-07 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Nashville Couple Who Turned Their Home Into A Hospital For Blacks Honored Posthumously". Meharry Medical College. 2018-10-18. Retrieved 2022-02-07.
- ^ "Millie E. Hale Called by Death". Nashville Banner. 1930-06-07. p. 1. Retrieved 2022-02-07 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Death Notices: Hale". Nashville Banner. 1930-06-08. p. 11. Retrieved 2022-02-07 – via Newspapers.com.