Melicope elleryana, commonly known as pink flowered doughwood, pink evodia, corkwood,[2] or saruwa,[3] is a species of rainforest shrub or tree in the family Rutaceae, and is native to New Guinea, parts of eastern Indonesia, the Solomon Islands and northern Australia. It has trifoliate leaves and pink to white, bisexual flowers arranged in panicles in leaf axils.
| Pink-flowered doughwood | |
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| In the Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Rutaceae |
| Genus: | Melicope |
| Species: | M. elleryana
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| Binomial name | |
| Melicope elleryana | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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List
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Description edit
Melicope elleryana is a shrub or tree that typically grows to a height of 18–25 m (59–82 ft) with a trunk diameter of about 60 cm (24 in). The bark is pale brown and corky, especially at the base of the trunk. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs and trifoliate on a petiole 20–110 mm (0.79–4.33 in) long. The leaflets are elliptical, sometimes egg-shaped, 55–200 mm (2.2–7.9 in) long and 35–80 mm (1.4–3.1 in) wide, the end leaflet on a petiolule 5–17 mm (0.20–0.67 in) long. The flowers are bisexual and arranged in panicles 25–60 mm (0.98–2.36 in) long. The sepals are round to egg-shaped, 1.3–2 mm (0.051–0.079 in) long and joined at the base. The petals are pink to white, 3.5–6.5 mm (0.14–0.26 in) long and there are four stamens. Flowering occurs from November to February and the fruit consists of up to four follicles 5–8 mm (0.20–0.31 in) long, containing shiny black seeds 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) in diameter.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy edit
Pink-flowered doughwood was first formally described in 1865 by Ferdinand von Mueller who gave it the name Euodia elleryana and published the description in Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae from specimens collected by Anthelme Thozet near Beddome Creek (near Rockhampton).[2][5][6] In 1990, Thomas Gordon Hartley changed the name to Melicope elleryana in the journal Telopea.[7] The specific epithet (elleryana) honours the Victorian government astronomer, Robert L. J. Ellery.[6]
Habitat and distribution edit
Melicope elleryana grows in coastal and inland forest, woodland and rainforest from sea level to an altitude of 760 m (2,490 ft). It occurs from the Maluku Islands east to the Solomon Islands and south to New Guinea and northern Australia. In Australia it is found in the far north-east of Western Australia, the Top End of the Northern Territory, northern and eastern Queensland and south to the Clarence River in northern New South Wales.[2][3][8][9]
Ecology edit
This tree is the favoured food plant for the Ulysses butterfly, Papilio ulysses. Germination is unpredictable, starting within 30 days or possibly taking several years. Soaking the seeds for several days appears to remove some of the germination inhibitors.[10]
Uses edit
This species is often cultivated as an ornamental tree. In New Guinea it is said to be used to flavour palm wine and an exudate from the bark is used as an adhesive, for caulking canoes and as a wound treatment.[2][3]
References edit
- ^ a b "Melicope elleryana". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
- ^ a b c d e Hartley, T.G. (2022). Bolton, P.E.; Kodela, P.G. (eds.). "Melicope elleryana". Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, the Environment and Water: Canberra. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ a b c d Richards, P.G. "Melicope elleryana". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
- ^ F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Melicope elleryana". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ^ "Euodia elleryana". APNI. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
- ^ a b von Mueller, Ferdinand (1865). Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae. Melbourne: Victorian Government Printer. pp. 4–5. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
- ^ "Melicope elleryana". APNI. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
- ^ "Melicope elleryana (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartley". Western Australian Herbarium (1998–). Florabase—the Western Australian Flora. Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Government of Western Australia. 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ^ Cowie I, Lewis D, et al. "Melicope elleryana". FloraNT, Northern Territory Herbarium. Northern Territory Government, Darwin. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ^ Floyd, Alexander G. (1989). Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia. Melbourne: Inkata. p. 329. ISBN 0909605572.
External links edit
Media related to Melicope elleryana at Wikimedia Commons- View a map of historical sightings of this species at the Australasian Virtual Herbarium
- View observations of this species on iNaturalist
- View images of this species on Flickriver
