Maria Anna Walburga Lämmerhirt (nickname, "Marianne"; 8 May 1765 - 24 May 1838) was a German painter, drafter, travel writer, and lady-in-waiting. Through her diary, Für mich gemerkt auf meiner Reise nach Italien 1791, she contributed to travel literature.
Marianne Kraus | |
|---|---|
 Marianne Kraus (oil paint on canvas, painter unknown) | |
| Born | Maria Anna Walburga Lämmerhirt May 8, 1765 |
| Died | May 24, 1838 (aged 73) |
| Nationality | German |
| Known for | Paintings Writings |
Early years and education edit
Maria Kraus was born in Buchen (Odenwald). Her parents were Joseph Bernhard Kraus, a clerk, and Anna Dorothea née Schmidt. Her father's family, originally from Augsburg, had a small restaurant in Weilbach near Amorbach; her mother was a daughter of the master-builder at Miltenberg, Johann Martin Schmidt. They had fourteen children, of whom 7 died in childhood. Joseph Martin Kraus was a brother of Marianne's. The children studied with Rector Georg Pfister, and Marianne took piano lessons from Cantor Bernhard Franz Wendler.[1] She received more formal education in Mannheim and at the drawing and painting school in Mainz. Later, she studied with the landscape painter Ferdinand von Kobell (1740-1799) in Mannheim; in 1781 with Caspar Schneider (1753-1839) in Mainz; and finally, in 1785-86, with Christian Georg Schütz (1718-1791) and Johann Georg Pforr (1745-1798).
Career edit
Serving as a lady-in-waiting of Countess Charlotte von Erbach-Erbach und Wartenberg-Roth (1755-1844), in 1791, she undertook a six-month trip to Italy,[2] and met in Rome and Naples artists such as Angelica Kauffman (1741-1807), Jacob Philipp Hackert (1737-1807), and Wilhelm Tischbein (1751-1829). Through her diary, Für mich gemerkt auf meiner Reise nach Italien 1791, she contributed to travel literature;[3] it was first published in 1931, and then again in 1996 by Helmut Brosch.
In 1798, Kraus married Georg Lämmerhirt (1763-1813), court council, and son of a teacher and organist. Lämmerhirt received his education in Göttingen in evangelical theology, but made a career as an administrator. Kraus was the younger talented sister of German composer Joseph Martin Kraus (1756-1792). Her grandson, Karl Friedrich Schreiber (1864-1933) was the first German biographer of Joseph Martin Kraus. She died on 24 May 1838 at Erbach im Odenwald.
References edit
- ^ Brosch & Buchen 2003, p. 35.
- ^ Findlen, Roworth & Sama 2009, p. 203.
- ^ Eigler & Kord 1997, p. 523.
Bibliography edit
- Brosch, Helmut; Buchen, Verein Bezirksmuseum (2003). Joseph Martin Kraus-Gedenkstätte: Musiksammlung Vleugels, Volksliedsammlung Albert Brosch : ein Führer durch die musikgeschichtlichen Sammlungen des Bezirksmuseums Buchen. Verein Bezirksmuseum e.V. Buchen. ISBN 978-3-923699-23-0.
- Brosch, Helmut (ed), Für mich gemerkt auf meiner Reise nach Italien 1791. Reisetagebuch der Malerin und Erbacher Hofdame Marianne Kraus, Bezirksmuseum Buchen, Buchen 1996. (in German)
- Eigler, Friederike Ursula; Kord, Susanne (1997). The Feminist Encyclopedia of German Literature. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-29313-9.
- Findlen, Paula; Roworth, Wendy Wassyng; Sama, Catherine M. (9 January 2009). Italy's Eighteenth Century: Gender and Culture in the Age of the Grand Tour. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-8754-3.
Further reading edit
- Körner, Irmela (2005). Frauenreisen nach Italien. Schriftstellerinnen des 19. Jahrhunderts beschreiben das Land ihrer Sehnsucht (in German). Wien: Promedia. pp. 71–97. ISBN 3-85371-239-8.
External links edit
Media related to Marianne Kraus at Wikimedia Commons
