The Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Mari ASSR) (Mari: Марий Автоном Совет Социализм Республик, Mariy Avtonom Sovet Sotsializm Respublik) was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR, succeeding the Mari Autonomous Oblast. When the Soviet Union disintegrated, the Mari ASSR became the Mari El Republic, a federal subject of the Russian Federation.
| Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic Марийская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASSR of the Russian SFSR | |||||||||
| 1936–1991 | |||||||||
| Capital | Yoshkar-Ola | ||||||||
| • Type | Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 1936 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1991 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
History
editThe Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed on December 5, 1936, according to the USSR Constitution of 1936 as a result of the transformation of the Mari Autonomous Region, created on November 4, 1920, as an autonomous territorial entity for the mountain and meadow Mari.
On October 22, 1990, by decision of the Supreme Soviet of the Mari ASSR, it was transformed into the Mari Soviet Socialist Republic (MSSR). On May 24, 1991, the Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR approved this decision, amending the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1978.[1]
On December 9, 1992, the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation renamed the Mari SSR into the Republic of Mari El, amending Article 71 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation - Russia.[2] This amendment entered into force from the moment of publication in the "Rossiyskaya Gazeta" on January 12, 1993.[3]
Administrative divisions
editThe Mari ASSR included 14 regions.
On the territory of the Mari ASSR there were three cities (Yoshkar-Ola, Volzhsk, Kozmodemyansk) and 14 urban-type settlements.[4]
National composition
editAccording to the 1970 census:
- Russians - 321,000 (46.9%)
- Mari - 299,000 (43.6%)
- Tatars - 40,000 (5.8%)
- Chuvash - 9,000 (1.3%)
- Ukrainians - 5,000 (0.7%)
- Others - 11,000 (1.7%)[4]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Law of the RSFSR of May 24, 1991 "On Amendments and Additions to the Constitution (Basic Law) of the RSFSR".
- ^ Law of the Russian Federation of December 9, 1992 No. 4061-I "On amendments and additions to the Constitution (Basic Law) of the Russian Federation - Russia".
- ^ "Rossiyskaya Gazeta" January 12, 1993 S. 4.[dead link]
- ^ a b Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика.html Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (in Russian) – via Great Scientific Library
56°34′N 47°56′E / 56.567°N 47.933°E
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