Jám Nizámuddín II (Sindhi: ڄام نظام الدين ثاني; 1439–1509), also known as Jam Nizam al-Din or Jám Nindó (Sindhi: ڄام نندو), was the 15th Sultan of Sindh from Samma dynasty between 1461 and 1508 CE. His capital was Thatta in modern-day southern Pakistan. After his death, his son Jám Ferózudin lost the Sultanate in 1525 CE to an invading army of Shah Beg Arghun,[2] who had been thrown out of Kandahar by Babur.
| Jam Nizamuddin II ڄام نظام الدين ثاني | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Jam Nizamuddin II's tomb at Makli Necropolis | |||||
| 15th Sultan of Sindh | |||||
| Reign | 1461–1508 | ||||
| Predecessor | Jam Sanjar | ||||
| Successor | Jam Feruz | ||||
| Born | 8 August 1440 Thatta, Sindh | ||||
| Died | 1509 (aged 68–69) Thatta, Sindh | ||||
| Burial | |||||
| |||||
| Dynasty | Samma dynasty | ||||
| Father | Jam Sadrudin bin Jam Unar (Banbhina) | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
Tomb edit
Nizamuddin's grave is located on Makli Hill and part of the world heritage site of Historical Monuments at Makli.[3] The tomb is an impressive stone structure with fine ornamental carving similar to the 15th-century Gujrat style.[4] It has been restored but suffers from cracks and wall distortions caused by rough weathering and erosion of the slope on which it stands.[5]
Cousens wrote in The Antiquities of Sind:[6]
His tomb is in the necropolis on Makli Hill. It is square in the plan but the dome was never constructed, work stopped when the walls reached the springing line. On the exterior of the building there are twelve bands of decoration running around the building from top to bottom comprising diamonds, lotuses, Quranic inscriptions, and geometric patterns. There are two unusual features: the mihrab in the interior and the corresponding balcony on the exterior. This type of balcony recalls those in Gujarat therefore it is possible that craftsmen from Gujarat were responsible for this tomb. This is a close view of a section of the wall, showing the richly carved balcony and the bands of decorative carving along the wall.
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Ephrat, Daphna; Wolper, Ethel Sara; Pinto, Paulo G. (7 December 2020). Saintly Spheres and Islamic Landscapes: Emplacements of Spiritual Power across Time and Place. BRILL. p. 276. ISBN 978-90-04-44427-0.
- ^ "Grave Tales". The Hindu. 2004-04-11. Archived from the original on 2004-09-07. Retrieved 2009-03-12.
- ^ Historical Monuments at Makli, Thatta UNESCO Retrieved 14 June 2014
- ^ "Dawn: The necropolis of Sindh by Omar Mukhtar Khan". Archived from the original on October 6, 2008. Retrieved 2009-03-12.
- ^ The Tomb of Jam Nizam al-Din, documentation and condition survey. Heritage Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan. 2011.
- ^ Henry Cousens, The Antiquities of Sind, Archaeological Survey of India 46, Imperial Series (Calcutta, 1929, rptd. Karachi, 1975).
- This article includes content derived from "History of Sind - translated from Persian books" by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg (1853–1929), published in Karachi in 1902 and now in the public domain.
External links edit
Media related to Jam Nizamuddin II at Wikimedia Commons- مکلی کے شہرِ خموشاں میں جام نندو کا مقبرہ
