Insulin receptor substrate 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRS4 gene .[3] [4] [5]
IRS4 encodes the insulin receptor substrate 4, a cytoplasmic protein that contains many potential tyrosine and serine/threonine phosphorylation sites. Tyrosine-phosphorylated IRS4 protein has been shown to associate with cytoplasmic signalling molecules that contain SH2 domains. The IRS4 protein is phosphorylated by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase upon receptor stimulation.[5]
Interactions
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References
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^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000133124 – Ensembl , May 2017^ "Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ Lavan BE, Fantin VR, Chang ET, Lane WS, Keller SR, Lienhard GE (Sep 1997). "A novel 160-kDa phosphotyrosine protein in insulin-treated embryonic kidney cells is a new member of the insulin receptor substrate family" . J Biol Chem . 272 (34): 21403–7. doi :10.1074/jbc.272.34.21403 PMID 9261155 . ^ Fantin VR, Sparling JD, Slot JW, Keller SR, Lienhard GE, Lavan BE (May 1998). "Characterization of insulin receptor substrate 4 in human embryonic kidney 293 cells" . J Biol Chem . 273 (17): 10726–32. doi :10.1074/jbc.273.17.10726 PMID 9553137 . ^ a b "Entrez Gene: IRS4 insulin receptor substrate 4" .^ Karas M, Koval A P, Zick Y, LeRoith D (May 2001). "The insulin-like growth factor I receptor-induced interaction of insulin receptor substrate-4 and Crk-II" . Endocrinology 142 (5). United States: 1835–40. doi :10.1210/endo.142.5.8135 ISSN 0013-7227 . PMID 11316748 . ^ Koval AP, Karas M, Zick Y, LeRoith D (Jun 1998). "Interplay of the proto-oncogene proteins CrkL and CrkII in insulin-like growth factor-I receptor-mediated signal transduction" . J. Biol. Chem . 273 (24). UNITED STATES: 14780–7. doi :10.1074/jbc.273.24.14780 ISSN 0021-9258 . PMID 9614078 . ^ Sano H, Liu Simon C H, Lane William S, Piletz John E, Lienhard Gustav E (May 2002). "Insulin receptor substrate 4 associates with the protein IRAS" . J. Biol. Chem . 277 (22). United States: 19439–47. doi :10.1074/jbc.M111838200 ISSN 0021-9258 . PMID 11912194 .
Further reading
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White MF (1999). "The IRS-signalling system: a network of docking proteins that mediate insulin action". Mol. Cell. Biochem . 182 (1–2): 3–11. doi :10.1023/A:1006806722619 . PMID 9609109 . S2CID 32623861 . Koval AP, Karas M, Zick Y, LeRoith D (1998). "Interplay of the proto-oncogene proteins CrkL and CrkII in insulin-like growth factor-I receptor-mediated signal transduction" . J. Biol. Chem . 273 (24): 14780–7. doi :10.1074/jbc.273.24.14780 PMID 9614078 . Uchida T, Myers MG, White MF (2000). "IRS-4 mediates protein kinase B signaling during insulin stimulation without promoting antiapoptosis" . Mol. Cell. Biol . 20 (1): 126–38. doi :10.1128/MCB.20.1.126-138.2000 . PMC 85068 PMID 10594015 . Karas M, Koval AP, Zick Y, LeRoith D (2001). "The insulin-like growth factor I receptor-induced interaction of insulin receptor substrate-4 and Crk-II" . Endocrinology . 142 (5): 1835–40. doi :10.1210/en.142.5.1835 PMID 11316748 . Sano H, Liu SC, Lane WS, et al. (2002). "Insulin receptor substrate 4 associates with the protein IRAS" . J. Biol. Chem . 277 (22): 19439–47. doi :10.1074/jbc.M111838200 PMID 11912194 . Krebs DL, Uren RT, Metcalf D, et al. (2002). "SOCS-6 binds to insulin receptor substrate 4, and mice lacking the SOCS-6 gene exhibit mild growth retardation" . Mol. Cell. Biol . 22 (13): 4567–78. doi :10.1128/MCB.22.13.4567-4578.2002 . PMC 133908 PMID 12052866 . Schreyer S, Ledwig D, Rakatzi I, et al. (2003). "Insulin receptor substrate-4 is expressed in muscle tissue without acting as a substrate for the insulin receptor" . Endocrinology . 144 (4): 1211–8. doi :10.1210/en.2002-220723 PMID 12639902 . Escribano O, Fernández-Moreno MD, Zueco JA, et al. (2003). "Insulin receptor substrate-4 signaling in quiescent rat hepatocytes and in regenerating rat liver" . Hepatology . 37 (6): 1461–9. doi :10.1053/jhep.2003.50245 PMID 12774026 . S2CID 20484894 . Yen HW, Jakimiuk AJ, Munir I, Magoffin DA (2005). "Selective alterations in insulin receptor substrates-1, -2 and -4 in theca but not granulosa cells from polycystic ovaries" . Mol. Hum. Reprod . 10 (7): 473–9. doi :10.1093/molehr/gah066 PMID 15155816 . Hinsby AM, Olsen JV, Mann M (2004). "Tyrosine phosphoproteomics of fibroblast growth factor signaling: a role for insulin receptor substrate-4" . J. Biol. Chem . 279 (45): 46438–47. doi :10.1074/jbc.M404537200 PMID 15316024 . Jin J, Smith FD, Stark C, et al. (2004). "Proteomic, functional, and domain-based analysis of in vivo 14-3-3 binding proteins involved in cytoskeletal regulation and cellular organization" . Curr. Biol . 14 (16): 1436–50. Bibcode :2004CBio...14.1436J . doi :10.1016/j.cub.2004.07.051 PMID 15324660 . S2CID 2371325 . Mihindukulasuriya KA, Zhou G, Qin J, Tan TH (2004). "Protein phosphatase 4 interacts with and down-regulates insulin receptor substrate 4 following tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulation" . J. Biol. Chem . 279 (45): 46588–94. doi :10.1074/jbc.M408067200 PMID 15331607 . Qiu H, Zappacosta F, Su W, et al. (2005). "Interaction between Brk kinase and insulin receptor substrate-4" . Oncogene . 24 (36): 5656–64. doi :10.1038/sj.onc.1208721 PMID 15870689 . Cuevas EP, Escribano O, Chiloeches A, et al. (2007). "Role of insulin receptor substrate-4 in IGF-I-stimulated HEPG2 proliferation". J. Hepatol . 46 (6): 1089–98. doi :10.1016/j.jhep.2007.01.031 . PMID 17408801 .
