In 1948, a new hymnbook that replaced both the Latter-day Saint Hymns (1927) and the Deseret Sunday School Songs was published under the title Hymns: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and served as the official hymnbook of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from 1948 to 1985. The 1948 edition included 387 hymns.
Background and Development edit
With the deaths of Evan Stephens and George Careless in the early 1930s, the pioneer-era musicians that had dominated LDS hymnody had passed away, leaving the torch to a new generation of LDS musicians. Whereas the previous generation had heavily emphasized homespun music and were often heavily influenced by operatic composers like Arthur Sullivan, the new generation largely turned to more classical Protestant sources for inspiration. The music committee even specifically noted that many of the finest and favorite hymns in the Mormon tradition were adopted from Protestant sources rather than Mormon ones and suggested that they seek out more hymns from the Protestant tradition.[1] They were also influenced by the research and writings of Sterling Wheelwright, who felt that LDS hymnals were losing their relevance through focusing on upbeat but trivial hymns rather than intimate and meditative ones.[2] Overall, they sought to publish a hymnbook with a "better standard of musical expression" than previous LDS hymnals.[3] Still, Church leaders weren't entirely trusting of leaving Mormon musicians to their own devices to select hymns and they created an executive committee of four apostles to oversee their work.
The music committee, now proceeding with direct apostolic oversight, sponsored an ongoing hymn contest for Mormons and set about collecting Protestant hymns. The latter were often slightly edited to conform to LDS theology. Frank I. Kooyman provided several of the new Mormon hymn texts that the committee favored, such as “Thy Spirit, Lord, Has Stirred Our Souls” and “When in the Wondrous Realms Above.” New musical compositions were encouraged to be dignified, singable, and similar to older styles of hymns (particularly the Johann Sebastian Bach chorales),[4] perhaps best exemplified by Temple Square organist Alexander Schreiner’s neo-Bachian settings for hymns.[5] The world-renowned classical composer Leroy Robertson also submitted music that was deemed suitable for many of the texts that were accepted by the committee. It was acknowledged, however, that the general membership of the Church might prefer the lighter hymns the committee was seeking to eliminate over the “better standard of musical expression” they were pushing for. Thus, committee head Tracy Y. Cannon suggested that the transition be performed gradually.[6]
Publication edit
The resulting hymnbook dropped many of the Evan Stephens hymns that were prominent in previous hymnbooks and incorporated less hymns by committee members than the previous hymnbook had. Leroy Robertson had twelve, Alexander Schreiner eleven, and Tracy Cannon only had five. Protestant hymns formed approximately half of the 387 hymns selected for inclusion.[7]
1950 Edition edit
Despite the involvement of apostles, some Church leaders questioned the hymns chosen by the committee after publication, and members tended to complain about the size and poor binding of the book. Due to this lackluster response, the music committee yielded and revised the hymnbook, releasing a modified second edition in 1950. This second edition dropped some of the well-respected Protestant hymns in favor of some popular hymns included in previous LDS hymnbooks that they had deleted. This change, in turn set precedent for the waning control of the music committee and their ability to push for what they deemed to be properly ascetic over lighter popular music in the Church's hymnbooks.
The differences between the 1948 and 1950 editions were as follows:
| 1948 Hymns | No. | 1950 Hymns | No. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Angels from the Realms of Glory | 5 | As swiftly my days go out on the wing | 5 |
| Cease, ye fond parents, cease to weep | 9 | In hymns of praise | 9 |
| Come, O thou King of kings | 19 | Come along, come along | 19 |
| Come, labor on | 20 | Come, O thou King of kings | 20 |
| From all that dwell below the skies | 38 | Each cooing dove | 38 |
| Father of light | 39 | The First Noel | 39 |
| Good Christian men, rejoice | 52 | From all that dwell below the skies | 52 |
| Hail to the brightness of Zion's glad morning | 57 | Guide us, O Thou great Jehovah | 57 |
| Hark! The evening hymn is stealing | 58 | Have I done any good in the world today | 58 |
| I Heard the Bells on Christmas Day | 72 | There is a land whose sunny vales | 72 |
| I Need Thee Every Hour | 78 | Beautiful Zion, built above | 78 |
| Mid pleasures and palaces | 107 | For our devotions, Father | 107 |
| Mine eyes have seen the glory | 109 | Precious Savior, dear Redeemer | 109 |
| Lead me into life eternal | 110 | Choose the right | 110 |
| O Lord responsive to thy call | 138 | O my Father, thou that dwellest | 138 |
| There is beauty all around | 170 | Dearest children, God is near you | 170 |
| I wander through the stilly night | 171 | Now to heaven our prayer | 171 |
| We Gather Together | 182 | Hail to the brightness of Zion's glad morning | 182 |
| Though in the outward Church below | 183 | Awake! O ye people, the Savior is coming | 183 |
| Rejoice, ye pure in heart | 185 | Mid pleasures and palaces | 185 |
| Sometime we'll understand | 267 | Not now, but in the coming years | 267 |
| Proud? yes, of our home | 278 | Rest, rest for the weary soul | 278 |
| Sometime, somewhere | 286 | Unanswered yet? the prayer | 286 |
| Thou dost not weep, to weep alone | 294 | I wander through the stilly night | 294 |
| Ye simple souls who stray | 298 | The Lord imparted from above | 298 |
| Sometime we'll understand | 334 | Not now, but in the coming years | 334 |
| Rock of Ages | 338 | Come, lay his books and papers by | 338 |
| Who are these arrayed in white | 343 | Reverently and meekly now | 343 |
In 1960, two more hymns were added to the hymnal:
| FIRST LINE | HYMN NUMBER |
|---|---|
| Who's On the Lord's Side? | 388 |
| This Earth Was Once a Garden Place | 389 |
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Harold B. Lee et al. to First Presidency, 25 October 1944, CMC Files 1939-49.
- ^ See Michael Hicks, Mormonism and Music: A History (Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1989), 135
- ^ Tracy Cannon to G. W. Richards, 19 October 1945, CMD General Files, HDC.
- ^ Church Music Committee (CMC) to "Dear Friend," 1 August 1945, CMD Circular Letters, Church History Library, Salt Lake City, UT
- ^ Church Music Committee Minutes, 7 December 1944
- ^ Cannon to G. W. Richards, 19 October 1945, CMD General Files, Church History Library, Salt Lake City, UT
- ^ Hymns: Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1948)
External links edit
- Michael F. Moody, "Latter-day Saint Hymbooks, Then and Now", Ensign, September 1985
- 1948 Hymns at SingPraises.net
- 1950 Hymns at SingPraises.net