Wikipedia

Heitarō Takenouchi

The native form of this personal name is Takenouchi Heitarō. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals.

Heitarō Takenouchi (竹内平太郎, Takenouchi Heitarō, February 6, 1863 – December 21, 1933) was a Japanese Rear-Admiral during the Russo-Japanese War. He commanded the Nisshin throughout the war and was also known for delivering the Kasuga and Nisshin from Genoa to Yokosuka.

Heitarō Takenouchi
竹内平太郎
Born(1863-02-06)February 6, 1863
Matsue, Matsue Domain, Tokugawa
DiedDecember 21, 1933(1933-12-21) (aged 70)
Nishinomiya, Hyōgo, Japan
Allegiance Japan
Branch Imperial Japanese Navy
Years of service1877 – 1910
Rank Rear-Admiral
Commands heldNisshin
Battles/warsBoxer Rebellion
Russo-Japanese War
Spouse(s)Nukio Takenouchi

Family edit

Heitarō was born on February 6, 1863, at Matsue into a family that would eventually restore the castle tower of Matsue Castle. [1][2][3] His eldest son, Kazunobu Takenouchi, was the Colonel of the 53rd Air Division and the 7th Air Communications Regiment of the Imperial Japanese Army at the end of World War II.[4]

Early Military Career edit

On 1877, he enrolled in the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy before graduating from its 8th class as its deputy director before being promoted to ensign on 1885. Takenouchi was then promoted to captain in 1882 and later sent to France to study abroad on 1892. He returned to Japan in 1894 before becoming part of the Saikai Fleet Staff in 1895. Following that, he was promoted to Sub-lieutenant in 1896 and to Lieutenant in 1897. On 1898, Takenouchi was named the deputy director of the Akashi and given further offices such as the Deputy Captain of the Yashima and Captain of the Atago. Takenouchi then dispatched a land detachment to fight in the Boxer Rebellion as well as have a Military attaché with the French Legation at Peking and by 1901, he was promoted to captain.[2]

Delivery of the Nisshin and Kasuga edit

Captain Takeuchi, who arrived at the military attaché in France in 1900, said that his main task was to collect Russian military information in France, where the Franco-Russian Alliance had strengthened military relations with Russia.[5] On December 22, 1903, the Navy's Deputy Secretary, Saitō Makoto, told Captain Takeuchi in Paris that two Giuseppe Garibaldi-class cruisers had been ordered by the Argentine Army in preparation for the Russo-Japanese War which would later be the Nisshin and the Kasuga. The ships were confirmed to be located at the port of Genova and a top secret instruction was issued to investigate the matters necessary for the round trip to Japan.[6][5]

The contents of the top secret electric train at that time are as follows.

Captain Takeuchi in Paris

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Under Secretary of the Navy

　Your secret information and speed, Italy, "Ansaldo", the company, "Argentina", two warships, the current situation: (Omitted)

  • 1. Current status of hull engine and military uniform
  • 1. Institutional and cannon sea trial results
  • 1. How much preparation is required for Japan's second round trip?

After that, Japan purchased both ships and decided to transport them to Japan with Commander Kantarō Suzuki, who was a military attaché at the Embassy of Japan in Germany.[7] At the time, the route from the Mediterranean Sea to the Sea of Japan was a long one with the Suez Canal being a shortcut. In order to transport Nisshin and Kasuga to Japan as soon as possible, the route via the Suez Canal was an absolute requirement. However, at that time, the relationship between Japan and Russia was getting worse every moment toward the start of the war, and it was easy to assume that the Russian Black Sea Fleet would block the passage of Nisshin and Kasuga. Therefore, Japan requested assistance from its ally, the United Kingdom to gather local sailors, and on January 7, 1904, the Nisshin and Kasuga departed from Genoa. After that, Takenouchi succeeded in passing in front of the Russian Black Sea Fleet. The ships departed Singapore on February 4 and left Singapore on February 16 before arriving at Yokosuka. The declaration of the war against Russia was decided at the Gozen Kaigi on the 4th, and on February 6, Russo-Japanese relations were severed.[7] Around this time, Takeuchi and Suzuki were personally thanked by Emperor Meiji for their delivery of the ships.

Russo-Japanese War edit

During the war, Takenouchi became the captain of the Nisshin and went on to participate at the Battle of Tsushima. During the battle, the captain's messenger Isoroku Yamamoto was heavily wounded and the ship's constructor, Manuel Domek Garcia was aboard the ship as a military attaché.[8]

The Missing Documents edit

When Takenouchi was assigned to Paris as the chief military attaché with the embassy in France, a comfort bag was regularly delivered from a person named Kaoru Takeuchi to his home in Kojimachi, Tokyo. In the spring of 1910, while Heitaro Takeuchi was working at the Kure Naval District Government Building, Takeuchi visited the official residence and asked Takenouchi to visit him. His wife, Nuiko, was the first person to meet Takeuchi, but he was the sender who had been sent a comfort bag for more than a dozen years. In order to prepare her tea, Nuiko returned to the Japanese-style building, leaving the woman alone, and by the time she brought the tea confectionery into the drawing room of the Western-style building about 10 minutes later, Takeuchi had already disappeared. After that, when Takenouchi returned to the official residence about 20 minutes later, he checked the study next to the drawing room and found that the "important confidential documents" in the drawer of the desk had been missing. He immediately contacted the Kure gendarmerie, and although a cordon was set up in Kure, he was unable to find Takeuchi.[9]

Since he was a military attaché in France, Takeuchi had been collecting information such as military information and intelligence activities of the great powers, mainly Russia, and had always been marked and followed by Russian spies and operatives. Heitaro Takeuchi, who was keenly aware of the responsibility for this exposure incident, submitted a resignation request to Commander-in-Chief Katō Tomosaburō of the Kure Naval District, served in the Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff, and was put into the reserve list by January 1911. At the age of 49, he resigned from the Imperial Japanese Navy. After that, Rear-Admiral Takeuchi was placed in fourth rank for his many years of military service. The reasoning why Heitarō resigned is rarely mentioned in official historical sources related to the former Navy. The author's mother, Nobu Maeda (the second daughter of Heitarō), told her daughter in detail about the situation at the time of the incident from Nukio and remains a hidden story published in "No. 17".[9]

Court Ranks edit

  • Senior 8th Rank (September 16, 1885)[10]
  • Junior 7th Rank (January 17, 1890)[11]
  • Senior 7th Rank (December 16, 1891)[12]
  • Senior 6th Rank (March 8, 1898)[13]

Awards edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Per his photograph.

References edit

  1. ^ Yoshiyasu Wada "About Yubei Takeuchi and" Registered Mail of Ubei Takeuchi ": A Study of the Carpenter of the Matsue Domain-Part 7" Architectural Institute of Japan Academic Lecture Summary, 2001
  2. ^ a b "Quarterly Sanin No. 17: Major General Takeuchi Heitaro"
  3. ^ Yoko Horikoshi "Yubei Takeuchi, Heitaro, and my mother-The Takeuchi family who lived in the lake capital Matsue" " Lake City Matsue vol.06 ”Matsue City Cultural Association, 2003
  4. ^ Misao Toyama, Toshio Morimatsu ed., "Imperial Army Organization Overview", Fuyo Shobo Publishing Co., Ltd., 1993
  5. ^ a b Maeda 2010, p. 19.
  6. ^ Garcia 2005, p. 4.
  7. ^ a b Kazutoshi Hando, "Sacred Shōwa Emperor and Kantarō Suzuki" PHP Bunko, 2006, p. 60-62.
  8. ^ Garcia 2005, p. 2.
  9. ^ a b Maeda 2010, p. 40-41.
  10. ^ "Kanpo" No. 709 "Investiture" November 10, 1885.
  11. ^ "Kanpo" No. 1970 "Investiture and Resignation" January 25, 1890.
  12. ^ "Kanpo" No. 2541 "Investiture and Resignation" December 17, 1891
  13. ^ "Kanpo" No. 4402 "Investiture and Resignation" March 9, 1898.
  14. ^ "Kanpo" No. 3838, Appendix "Resignation" April 18, 1896.
  15. ^ "Kanpo" No. 7005, Appendix "Investiture and Resignation" November 2, 1906.

Bibliography edit

  • Maeda, Akihisa (2010). "Special Feature-Major General Takenouchi Heitaro, Captain of Nisshin who fought in the Battle of Tsushima, struggling to build a statue of Naomasa Matsudaira in Matsue City". Quarterly Sanin. No. 17. Nihon Shimbun. pp. 10–51.
  • Kazutoshi Hando "Sacred Showa Emperor and Kuntaro Suzuki" PHP Bunko, 2006
  • Garcia, Manuel Domecq (2005). 日本海海戦から100年-アルゼンチン海軍観戦武官の証言 [100 Years from the Battle of the Sea of Japan-100 Testimonies of Argentine Navy Watching Military Officers] (in Japanese). Translated by Katsuji Tsushima. Takashobo Yumi Press.
  • Yoko Horikoshi "Yubei Takeuchi, Heitaro, and Mother-The Takeuchi Family Living in Matsue, Lake City" "Matsue Lake City vol.06" Matsue City Cultural Association, 2003
  • Yoshiyasu Wada "About Yubei Takeuchi and" Registered Mail of Ubei Takeuchi ": A Study of the Carpenter of the Matsue Domain-Part 7" Architectural Institute of Japan Academic Lecture Summary, 2001
  • Takenouchi Heitaro "Standard of Imperial Army" Dainippon Defense Association, 1914
  • "History of the Japanese Navy" edited by the Navy History Preservation Society (Volume 10), published by Daiichi Hoki Shuppan
  • Meiji 100-year history series "History of the Navy School" Hara Shobo
  • Misao Toyama, edited by Toshio Morimatsu, "Imperial Army Organization Overview", Fuyo Shobo Publishing Co., Ltd., 1993
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