GADD45G

Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, gamma
Rendering based on PDB 2WAL.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2WAL, 3FFM
Identifiers
Symbols	GADD45G; CR6; DDIT2; GADD45gamma; GRP17
External IDs	OMIM: 604949 MGI: 1346325 HomoloGene: 21334 GeneCards: GADD45G Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • protein binding Cellular component • nucleus Biological process • activation of MAPKKK activity • activation of MAPKK activity • DNA repair • negative regulation of protein kinase activity • apoptotic process • response to stress • multicellular organismal development • cell differentiation • regulation of cell cycle Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	10912	23882
Ensembl	ENSG00000130222	ENSMUSG00000021453
UniProt	O95257	Q9R0S0
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_006705	NM_011817
RefSeq (protein)	NP_006696	NP_035947
Location (UCSC)	Chr 9: 92.22 – 92.22 Mb	Chr 13: 51.85 – 51.85 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GADD45G gene.

This gene is a member of a group of genes whose transcript levels are increased following stressful growth arrest conditions and treatment with DNA-damaging agents. The protein encoded by this gene responds to environmental stresses by mediating activation of the p38/JNK pathway via MTK1/MEKK4 kinase. The GADD45G is highly expressed in placenta.

Interactions

GADD45G has been shown to interact with MAP3K4,PCNA,GADD45GIP1 and P21.

See also

• Gadd45

Further reading

• Beadling C, Johnson KW, Smith KA (1993). "Isolation of interleukin 2-induced immediate-early genes.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (7): 2719–23. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.7.2719. PMC 46167. PMID 7681987. 
• Nakayama K, Hara T, Hibi M, et al. (1999). "A novel oncostatin M-inducible gene OIG37 forms a gene family with MyD118 and GADD45 and negatively regulates cell growth.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (35): 24766–72. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.35.24766. PMID 10455148. 
• Zhang W, Bae I, Krishnaraju K, et al. (1999). "CR6: A third member in the MyD118 and Gadd45 gene family which functions in negative growth control.". Oncogene 18 (35): 4899–907. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202885. PMID 10490824. 
• Fan W, Richter G, Cereseto A, et al. (2000). "Cytokine response gene 6 induces p21 and regulates both cell growth and arrest.". Oncogene 18 (47): 6573–82. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203054. PMID 10597261. 
• Gong R, Yu L, Zhang H, et al. (2000). "Assignment of human GADD45G to chromosome 9q22.1→q22.3 by radiation hybrid mapping.". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 88 (1-2): 95–6. doi:10.1159/000015496. PMID 10773677. 
• Yi YW, Kim D, Jung N, et al. (2000). "Gadd45 family proteins are coactivators of nuclear hormone receptors.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 272 (1): 193–8. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.2760. PMID 10872826. 
• Yang Q, Manicone A, Coursen JD, et al. (2001). "Identification of a functional domain in a GADD45-mediated G2/M checkpoint.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (47): 36892–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005319200. PMID 10973963. 
• Azam N, Vairapandi M, Zhang W, et al. (2001). "Interaction of CR6 (GADD45gamma ) with proliferating cell nuclear antigen impedes negative growth control.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (4): 2766–74. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005626200. PMID 11022036. 
• Wan Y, Wang Z, Shao Y, et al. (2001). "UV-induced expression of GADD45 is mediated by an oxidant sensitive pathway in cultured human keratinocytes and in human skin in vivo.". Int. J. Mol. Med. 6 (6): 683–8. PMID 11078829. 
• Kovalsky O, Lung FD, Roller PP, Fornace AJ (2001). "Oligomerization of human Gadd45a protein.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (42): 39330–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M105115200. PMID 11498536. 
• Zhang X, Sun H, Danila DC, et al. (2002). "Loss of expression of GADD45 gamma, a growth inhibitory gene, in human pituitary adenomas: implications for tumorigenesis.". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87 (3): 1262–7. doi:10.1210/jc.87.3.1262. PMID 11889197. 
• Vairapandi M, Balliet AG, Hoffman B, Liebermann DA (2002). "GADD45b and GADD45g are cdc2/cyclinB1 kinase inhibitors with a role in S and G2/M cell cycle checkpoints induced by genotoxic stress.". J. Cell. Physiol. 192 (3): 327–38. doi:10.1002/jcp.10140. PMID 12124778. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. 
• Chung HK, Yi YW, Jung NC, et al. (2003). "CR6-interacting factor 1 interacts with Gadd45 family proteins and modulates the cell cycle.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (30): 28079–88. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212835200. PMID 12716909. 
• Sun L, Gong R, Wan B, et al. (2004). "GADD45gamma, down-regulated in 65% hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from 23 chinese patients, inhibits cell growth and induces cell cycle G2/M arrest for hepatoma Hep-G2 cell lines.". Mol. Biol. Rep. 30 (4): 249–53. doi:10.1023/A:1026370726763. PMID 14672412. 
• Jiang F, Wang Z (2004). "Gadd45gamma is androgen-responsive and growth-inhibitory in prostate cancer cells.". Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 213 (2): 121–9. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2003.10.050. PMID 15062559. 
• Zerbini LF, Wang Y, Czibere A, et al. (2004). "NF-kappa B-mediated repression of growth arrest- and DNA-damage-inducible proteins 45alpha and gamma is essential for cancer cell survival.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (37): 13618–23. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402069101. PMC 518803. PMID 15353598. 
• Goehler H, Lalowski M, Stelzl U, et al. (2004). "A protein interaction network links GIT1, an enhancer of huntingtin aggregation, to Huntington's disease.". Mol. Cell 15 (6): 853–65. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2004.09.016. PMID 15383276.