Estrada de Ferro Central de Pernambuco (EFCP) was a Brazilian railway company based in Recife. Established in 1879, the company was named Estrada de Ferro Recife–Caruaru (EFRC) until 1890.[1]
| EFCP | |
| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Main region(s) | Pernambuco |
| Headquarters | Recife, Brazil |
| Dates of operation | 1879–1904 |
| Predecessor | Estrada de Ferro Recife–Caruaru |
| Successor | Great Western of Brazil Railway |
| Technical | |
| Track gauge | 1,000 m |
| Length | 180 km (1896) |
The Estrada de Ferro Central de Pernambuco was built to facilitate communication and trade between Recife and the rural interior of Pernambuco. At its peak in 1896, it reached a length of 180 km. The EFCP was abolished in 1904 and its railway network was incorporated into the Great Western of Brazil Railway.
History edit
Origins edit
The government Pernambuco signed a contract with Bento José da Costa Júnior on February 10, 1874, aiming to build the first section of the Estrada de Ferro Recife–Caruaru. The purpose of the railway was to improve the flow of commerce between Recife and the rural agricultural region of Pernambuco.[2][3]
Based on studies on the railway route, completed in 1878, it was determined that the railway bound for Caruaru would include the then village of Jaboatão in its railway network. The report delivered to the Ministry of Agriculture concludes that the route of the Estrada de Ferro Recife–Caruaru would cover an area with around two hundred sugarcane engenhos.[4]
Construction and consolidation edit
Construction began in 1881, with excavation and earthworks in the section between Recife and Jaboatão.[5] Initially operating on a 17 km route, the first section of the EFCR opened in 1885.[4] Years after the inauguration of the previous section, in 1894 the railway arrived in Gravatá. The slow expansion of the Estrada de Ferro Central de pernambuco is attributed to the challenges faced in crossing the Serra das Russas, a treacherous area of the Borborema Plateau. The development of this new segment required the construction of many infrastructure elements, including the creation of nine viaducts and the building of twenty-one tunnels.[6] The railway reached Caruaru in 1895.[2]
Apogee and dissolution edit
The EFCP reached a maximum length of 180 km in 1896, when the Antonio Olinto station was opened, in the city of Tacaimbó.[7]
The company remained in activity until 1904 when it was dissolved and its railway network incorporated into that of the Great Western of Brazil Railway.[8]
See also edit
References edit
Citations edit
- ^ "Decreto presidencial 624". Diario de Pernambuco. 17 August 1890. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
- ^ a b Freire 2017, p. 154.
- ^ Brandão 2014, p. 75.
- ^ a b Cardoso 2018, p. 32.
- ^ "Prolongamento da estrada de ferro de Pernambuco". Diario de Pernambuco. 7 November 1881. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ Brandão 2014, p. 76.
- ^ Cardoso 2018, p. 30.
- ^ "The Great Western of Brazil Railway Company Limited". Diario de Pernambuco. 4 October 1904. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
Works cited edit
- Brandão, Breno Albuquerque B. (2014). Patrimônio Cultural e Autenticidade: Avaliação do Conjunto Ferroviário de Caruaru (PDF) (Master thesis) (in Portuguese). Universidade Federal de Pernambuco.
- Cardoso, André L. R. (2018). Trens de subúrbio nas rotas de exportação: Uma dinâmica urbana para as ferrovias pernambucanas de longa distância (1858 – 1900) (PDF) (Undergraduate thesis) (in Portuguese). Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco.
- Freire, M. E. L. (2017). Patrimônio Ferroviário: a preservação para além das estações (PDF) (PhD thesis) (in Portuguese). Universidade Federal de Pernambuco.
Further reading edit
Bonfim, Luiz Rubens F. de A. (2002). Estrada de Ferro Central de Pernambuco (in Portuguese). Paulo Afonso: Graf Tech.
Pinto, Estevão (1949). História de uma Estrada de Ferro do Nordeste. Rio de Janeiro: José Olympio.