| Submission declined on 5 October 2022 by Timtrent (talk). I am having trouble with your references which are not what is required. I think you have a misunderstanding of referencing.
We require references from significant coverage about the topic of the article, and independent of it, in multiple secondary sources which are WP:RS please. See WP:42. Please also see WP:PRIMARY which details the limited permitted usage of primary sources and WP:SELFPUB which has clear limitations on self published sources. Providing sufficient references, ideally one per fact referred to, that meet these tough criteria is likely to allow this article to remain. Lack of them or an inability to find them is likely to mean that the topic is not suitable for inclusion, certainly today. Many of your references are passing mentions. If this magazine is notable then there will be references about it.
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| Submission declined on 15 March 2022 by Randykitty (talk). This draft's references do not show that the subject qualifies for a Wikipedia article. In summary, the draft needs multiple published sources that are:
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| Submission declined on 14 March 2022 by Randykitty (talk). This draft's references do not show that the subject qualifies for a Wikipedia article. In summary, the draft needs multiple published sources that are:
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| Submission declined on 13 March 2022 by Mako001 (talk). This draft's references do not show that the subject qualifies for a Wikipedia article. In summary, the draft needs multiple published sources that are:
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Comment: Please do not resubmit without making any improvements to the draft, as it will simply get rejected again. Randykitty (talk) 17:45, 15 March 2022 (UTC)
- Comment: The references are mostly about the editors/publishers and do not, or just in passing, mention the journal. In-depth independent sources are needed to establish notability. Randykitty (talk) 17:20, 14 March 2022 (UTC)
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| Discipline | International relations |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Edited by | Michael Adams (1971-1981), Michael Wall (1981-1995), Steven Sherman (1995-2005) |
| Publication details | |
| History | 1971–2005 |
| Publisher | Middle East International Publishers (United Kingdom) |
| Frequency | Bi-monthly |
| Standard abbreviations | |
| ISO 4 | MEI |
| Indexing | |
| ISSN | 0047-7249 |
| OCLC no. | 781574154 |
Middle East International was a bi-monthly magazine published in London from 1971 until 2005, reaching a total of 761 editions.[1][2][3] It was established by a group of senior British politicians, including Dennis Walters and Christopher Mayhew. Claud Morris was also a co-founder but left due to a policy disagreement.[4][5][6] Mayhew was to remain the publisher until his death in 1997. It has been described as having been "one of the best-informed journals of current Middle East affairs".[7]
Its aim was to "provide intelligent, authoritative, and independent news and analysis on the Middle East".[8]
In a letter to subscribers announcing the increasing of the yearly subscription to £50, dated 19 December 1979, Christopher Mayhew stated the magazine was selling more than 2,500 copies worldwide.
Michael Adams, a former Guardian foreign correspondent, was the editor until 1981.[9][10] He was succeeded by Michael Wall, who had also been a Guardian correspondent, before working for World in Action and then twelve years as The Economist Middle East and North Africa correspondent. Steven Sherman became editor on Wall’s retirement in 1995. Wall’s obituary in the Guardian described Middle East International as having a "less naive stance on Israel/Palestine".[11]
Regular correspondents include Donald Neff in the United States, Peretz Kidron in Israel, with Helena Cobban and Jim Muir reporting from Beirut.
Directors of Middle East International’s publisher included Sir James Craig, Sir Harold Beeley and Sir Anthony Nutting.[12]
Reporters and commentators who have referred to MEI in their books include David Hirst[13], David McDowall[14], David Gilmour[15], and Noam Chomsky[16]
The Jewish Chronicle internet archive lists around fifty editions between 1971 and 2005 in which reference is made to Middle East International, describing it as the “authoritative voice of the pro-Arab lobby”.[17][18]
Origins edit
In 1969 the Lebanese Ambassador to London, Nadim Dimechkie, invited recently retired Ambassador to Egypt, Harold Beeley, to a meal with Christopher Mayhew.[19] In the discussion over how to present the Arab point of view in Britain, Mayhew put forward a proposal for the creation of a periodical as well as suggesting a means of gathering financial support.[19] As a first step Beeley used his connections in Geneva to set up an account for the newly created Arab Non-Arab Foundation (ANAF)[20] which was to become the financial backing for Middle East International. Beeley recalled one of the Genevan lawyers he approached as saying “Ici nous avons l’esprit plus ouvert”.[19] ANAF board members included Mayhew, Dennis Walters, Hubert Argod (French Ambassador to Senegal[21]) and Helen von Bothmer.[22] Beeley was to become vice-chairman of Middle East International.[23]
Format edit
The first issue of MEI was printed in April 1971. Annual subscription was £3 or $12 internationally. It was 56 pages long and “It’s purpose is to repair, as far as possible, the damage done to the region over the years by prejudice and distortion by pursuing the truth about it.” The early editions carried advertisements for businesses and service providers trading in the Middle East, including airlines such as Middle East Airlines and Pan Am; banks such as Arab Bank, Standard Chartered, Gulf Bank of Kuwait and Long-Term Credit Bank of Japan; contractors and engineering firms OXY, Seddon Motors, Consolidated Contractors and TMA Cargo; other advertisers included Port of Milwaukee and Eterna. The second issue, May 1971, told readers that the June edition would be available from W.H. Smith. The July issue, now reduced to 48 pages, announced that MEI had readers in fourteen countries. In August it was claimed that it had “the largest international circulation of any paper in the world concerning Middle East public affairs.” The following month’s issue said MEI was being distributed in Tokyo, San Francisco and Cairo. The seventh issue, October 1971, announced that MEI had a “world wide circulation of ‘Class A’ readers with Middle East interests”.
By the 1980s most issues of MEI consisted of 24 pages, without any advertisements. Each edition started with an editorial of around 800 words. It was followed by a dozen or so reports from countries involved in unfolding events in the Middle East. These articles were 1,000 to 1,500 words long. Then there were several op-eds of similar length, written by academics, diplomats or politicians. Finally there were two or three book reviews and translations of an article from an Arab and a Hebrew newspaper. The back page always had a 1000 word article by a wide range of people, sometimes anonymous, entitled "Letter from ...".
With its head office in London and another office in Washington, Middle East International was published simultaneously in New York and London. It offered a range of annual subscription rates. Individuals were charged $59/£60 for 25 issues. Academic libraries $79/£60, Institutions/Companies $132/£105, Student/academic $39/£30 (1992 rates).[24]
An index of the years content was published annually until 2001.
Finance edit
Middle East International was not a commercial operation. The gap between sales and expenditure was filled by donations. On his appointment as editor in 1981 Michael Wall was told by the board that the publication was on the verge of closing due to its financial situation.[25] In 1995 the publication again came close to closure with only having funds for two or three months publication. The collapse in donations was blamed on the economic consequences of events in Kuwait after the 1990-91 crisis and the new situation in the Occupied Territories following the Oslo agreement. Dennis Walters, chairman of Middle East International, published an appeal for £200,000 to enable publication to continue for a further year during which time it was hoped a long term solution could be found. The appeal was aimed at “people of wealth and vision” and was seeking donations of £10,000 and above.[26] At the time the journal employed four staff in London and two in Washington.[27] Publication continued for a further ten years.
In his statement announcing the closure of Middle East International Dennis Walters wrote that one of the reasons for falling circulation was that the internet was providing free news and comment, a problem facing all periodicals. Donations were also falling as “the miserable situation in the Middle East” meant donors had other priorities.[28]
Abstracting and indexing edit
The journal is abstracted and indexed in the Multidisciplinary databases (Periodicals Index Online).[29] It was available on microfilm through University Microfilms International.[30]
See also edit
Anglo-Arab Association[31][32]
Further reading edit
- Findley, Paul (1985) They Dare to Speak Out. People and Institutions Confront Israel’s Lobby. Lawrence Hill & Company. ISBN 0-88208-180-2.
- Mayhew, Christopher with Adams, Michael (1975 reprinted 1976) Publish it not ... The Middle East Cover-Up. Longman. ISBN 0-582-78059-4.
- Mearsheimer, John J. and Walt, Stephen M. (2008) The Israel Lobby and US Foreign Policy. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-141-03123-1
- Philo, Greg and Berry, Mike (2011) Glasgow Media Group More Bad News from Israel. Pluto Press. ISBN 978-0-7453-2978-9
- Walters, Dennis (1989) Not Always with the Pack. Constable. ISBN 0-09-469310-2
References edit
- ^ "Middle East international. - British Library". explore.bl.uk.
- ^ "Middle East international". Middle East International Publishers, ltd. [etc.] – via browse.nypl.org.
- ^ The Jewish Chronicle, 2 April 1971
- ^ obituary with details of disagreement, The Daily Telegraph
- ^ "Obituary". The Guardian. 2000-05-31. Retrieved 2008-08-27. describes MEI as "his publication"
- ^ review - THE LAST INCH: A MIDDLE EAST ODYSSEY by Claud Morris, The Spectator
- ^ Adams, Michael (1997-01-09). "Obituary: Lord Mayhew". The Independent. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
- ^ "Sir Dennis Walters MBE Remembered | cmecx". cmec.org.uk.
- ^ "Search Results". lib-archives.ex.ac.uk.
- ^ obituary, The Guardian
- ^ obituary, The Guardian
- ^ ltd, company check. "MIDDLE EAST INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHERS LIMITED. Free business summary taken from official companies house information. Free alerts. Registered as 00990304". Company Check.
- ^ Beware of Small States: Lebanon, Battleground of the Middle East (2010) ISBN 978-0-571-23741-8 - forty times
- ^ The Palestinians - The Road to Nationhood, Minority Rights Group, ISBN 1-873194-90-0 - nineteen times
- ^ Gilmour, David (1983) Lebanon. The Fractured Country First published by Martin Robertson & Co Ltd, Sphere Books editions 1984, revised 1987. ISBN 0-7474-0074-1 - four times
- ^ Chomsky, Noam (1983) Fateful Triangle. The United States, Israel & The Palestinians. Pluto Press. 1999 edition. ISBN 0-7453-1530-5 - twenty-one times
- ^ JC 14 May 1982 p.6
- ^ The Jewish Chronicle editions referring to MEI
- ^ a b c Middle East International No 543, 7 February 1997; Harold Beeley p.3
- ^ ANAF foundation
- ^ French government list
- ^ ANAF foundation list of board members
- ^ Harold Beeley obituary in Guardian
- ^ 23 Collingham Road, London, SW5 0NU
- ^ Middle East International No 595, 12 March 1999; Michael Wall obituary by Steven Sherman p.5
- ^ Middle East International No 500, 12 May 1995; p.3
- ^ Middle East International No 505, 21 July 1995; p.3
- ^ Middle East Internalional No 760, 14 October 2005
- ^ "Middle East International". Information Matrix for the Analysis of Journals. 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
- ^ Middle East International No 298, 17 April 1987; p.11
- ^ [1] Edward Spears archive
- ^ Anglo-Arab Association archive
- ^ Washington Report on Middle East Affairs website
Category:Bi-monthly magazines published in the United Kingdom Category:News magazines published in the United Kingdom Category:Publications disestablished in 2005 Category:Publications established in 1971