Ludii
Original author(s)Cameron Browne
Repositoryhttps://github.com/Ludeme/Ludii
Written inJava
Operating systemWindows, macOS, Linux
Available inEnglish
TypeGame system
LicenseCC BY-NC-ND 4.0
Websitehttps://ludii.games/

Ludii is a general game system designed to play, evaluate and design a wide range of abstract strategy games, including board games, dice games and mathematical games..[1]. The Ludii DSL describes games as a structured set of pre-defined terms called ludemes. This allows a range of traditional strategy games from around the world to be modelled in a language resembling English[2]. Ludii was developed by Cameron Browne and his team (Eric Piette, Matthew Stephenson and Dennis Soemers) at Maastricht University, with contributions from various students. It was funded by the ERC, as part of the Digital Ludeme Project.[3][4]

Overview edit

Ludii has been designed to be an environment for game researchers, designers, and enthusiasts. Ludii is composed of: a Domain Specific Language used to model games, an interface to play and evaluate them, and support for a set of general game playing algorithms[5]

The Ludii Game Description Language has a Lisp-like syntax, with each command based on the notion of a ludeme. The language is documented according to an EBNF grammar[6].

The following is an example of the Ludii description representing the game Tic-Tac-Toe:

(game "Tic-Tac-Toe"
    (players 2)
    (equipment {
        (board (square 3))
        (piece "Disc" Each)
    })
    (rules
        (play (move Add (to (sites Empty))))
        (end
            (if (is Line 3) (result Mover Win))
        )
    )
)

The Ludii Player can be used to compile the game, and show a playable interface that the user can use. The Ludii Player also comes with a number of implemented AI agents that the user can play against, as well as multiple features for game analysis and playing over the network.[7]

Features edit

  • An open-source game library with 1200+ games
  • Graphical user interface (GUI) for playing games and interacting with AI agents.
  • Game analysis tools for comparing and evaluating games.
  • Ludii Game Database (LGD) for storing game-related information.

Usage edit

Users can create, modify, and play games within the Ludii framework using the Ludii Player. AI agents can be developed and integrated into Ludii to play games and compete against human players as well as other AIs.

Ludii is designed not only for playing and designing games, but also as a research tool. Researchers can use Ludii to study game complexity, strategy, and other game-related phenomena.[8]

References edit

  1. ^ Piette, Éric; Soemers, Dennis J. N. J.; Stephenson, Matthew; Sironi, Chiara F.; Winands, Mark H. M.; Browne, Cameron (2019). "Ludii -- The Ludemic General Game System". arXiv:1905.05013. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. ^ Browne, Cameron; Piette, Éric; Stephenson, Matthew; Soemers, Dennis J. N. J. (2023), "Ludii General Game System for Modeling, Analyzing, and Designing Board Games", Encyclopedia of Computer Graphics and Games, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 1–15, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08234-9_486-1, ISBN 978-3-319-08234-9, retrieved 2023-11-08
  3. ^ "Ludii Portal". ludii.games.
  4. ^ Ludii Game Logic Guide
  5. ^ Stephenson, Matthew; Piette, Eric; Soemers, Dennis J.N.J.; Browne, Cameron (2019). "An Overview of the Ludii General Game System". 2019 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG). IEEE. pp. 1–2. doi:10.1109/cig.2019.8847949. ISBN 978-1-7281-1884-0. S2CID 195766827.
  6. ^ Browne, Cameron (2016), "A Class Grammar for General Games", Computers and Games, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10068, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 167–182, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50935-8_16, ISBN 978-3-319-50934-1, S2CID 39053241, retrieved 2023-11-08
  7. ^ Browne, Cameron; Stephenson, Matthew; Piette, Éric; Soemers, Dennis J. N. J. (2020), Cazenave, Tristan; van den Herik, Jaap; Saffidine, Abdallah; Wu, I-Chen (eds.), "A Practical Introduction to the Ludii General Game System", Advances in Computer Games, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 12516, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 167–179, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-65883-0_14, ISBN 978-3-030-65882-3, S2CID 216752335, retrieved 2023-11-08
  8. ^ Gault, Matthew (2019-08-21). "Scientists Are Discovering Long-Lost Rules for Ancient Board Games". Vice. Retrieved 2023-11-08.

External links edit