Wikipedia

Draft:Jarle Breivik

Jarle Breivik
Born (1968-07-09) 9 July 1968 (age 55)
Bergen, Norway
Nationality (legal)Norwegian
EducationMD, PhD, EdD
Alma materUniversity of Oslo
Occupation(s)Professor, medical researcher, author
Employer
Notable workMaking Sense of Cancer: From Its Evolutionary Origin to Its Societal Impact and the Ultimate Solution[1]
AwardsFulbright Scholar[2]
Websitehttps://www.med.uio.no/imb/english/people/aca/jbreivik/index.html

Jarle Breivik (born 7 September 1968) is a Norwegian academic, medical researcher, and author.[3] He holds the position of Professor and Head of the Department of Behavioural Medicine at the University of Oslo.[4] Breivik's primary research concerns the evolutionary dynamics of cancer.[5][6][7] His critical analysis of public and political discourses on cancer and cancer research has sparked international debate.[8][9] Breivik's book, Making Sense of Cancer,[1] explores cancer, aging, and humanity from an evolutionary perspective that challenges traditional narratives of the disease.[3][10]

Early life and education edit

Breivik was born in Bergen and raised in Ålesund, Norway. He completed his medical studies at the University of Oslo, obtaining his cand. med. in 1996, and dr. med. in 2000.[11] Breivik furthered his education as a visiting Fulbright Scholar at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania,[12] where he also earned an Ed.D. in higher education management from the Graduate School of Education in 2014.[13]

Work edit

Breivik started his academic career in Dr. Gustav Gaudernack's research group at Oslo University Hospital, where he participated in the early development of cancer immunotherapy and peptide-based cancer vaccines.[14][15] His primary scientific contribution concerned the evolutionary dynamics underlying the origin of genetic instability in cancer.[16][5][17] This work sparked Breivik's interest in the fundamental understanding of cancer as an evolutionary phenomenon[18][19][6] and how cancer development is an intrinsic consequence of the multicellular constitution.[20] Breivik's op-ed, We Won’t Cure Cancer,[8] challenged President Barak Obama's call for a "moonshot" to cure cancer "once and for all"[21] and provoked an international debate about cancer research and how it is presented to the public.[9] In the book Making Sense of Cancer: From Its Evolutionary Origin to Its Societal Impact and the Ultimate Solution,[1] Breivik presents an integrated understanding of cancer, combining biomedical and societal aspects of the disease in the light of evolution.[3][10] Dr. Richard Smith, the former editor-in-chief of The BMJ, has publically recommended the book to King Charles III.[22]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Breivik, Jarle (2023-10-26). Making Sense of Cancer: From Its Evolutionary Origin to Its Societal Impact and the Ultimate Solution. River Grove Books. ISBN 978-1-63299-761-6.
  2. ^ "Jarle Breivik | Fulbright Scholar Program". fulbrightscholars.org. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  3. ^ a b c O'Mahony, Seamus (2024-02-05). "What would a cure for cancer mean?". Medical Independent. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  4. ^ "Jarle Breivik". University of Oslo.
  5. ^ a b Breivik, Jarle (2001-05-08). "Don't stop for repairs in a war zone: Darwinian evolution unites genes and environment in cancer development". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 98 (10): 5379–5381. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.5379B. doi:10.1073/pnas.101137698. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 33219. PMID 11344279.
  6. ^ a b Wolverton, Mark. "The Way We Think about Cancer Must Evolve". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  7. ^ Zimmer, Carl (2007). "Evolved for Cancer?". Scientific American. 296 (1): 68–74, 75A. Bibcode:2007SciAm.296a..68Z. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0107-68. PMID 17186835. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  8. ^ a b Breivik, Jarle (May 27, 2016). "We Won't Cure Cancer". The New York Times.
  9. ^ a b Breivik, Jarle (4 November 2016). "Reframing the "Cancer Moonshot": How experts and non-experts interpret the problem of cancer". EMBO Reports. 17 (12): 1685–1687. doi:10.15252/embr.201643467. ISSN 1469-221X. PMC 5283586. PMID 27815310.
  10. ^ a b Smith, Richard (2023-11-07). "What is the meaning of cancer?". BMJ. 383: 2510. doi:10.1136/bmj.p2510. ISSN 1756-1833. PMID 37935480.
  11. ^ Tveito, Kari (2009-11-19). "Dogmebryteren". Tidsskrift for den Norske Legeforening (in Norwegian Bokmål). 129 (22): 2392–2393. doi:10.4045/tidsskr.09.1269. ISSN 0029-2001. PMID 19935954.
  12. ^ "Jarle Breivik | Fulbright Scholar Program". fulbrightscholars.org. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  13. ^ Breivik, J. (2014). Leadership and Organization Change in Biomedical PhD Education: An Instrumental Case Study of the Development of a Centralized Organization for Biomedical Graduate Studies at the University of Pennsylvania (EdD thesis). ProQuest 1615387609. Retrieved 2024-03-20 – via ProQuest.
  14. ^ Fossum, Beate; Breivik, Jarle; Meling, Gunn Iren; Iii, Tobias Gedde-Dahl; Hansen, Torbjørn; Knutsen, Ingebjørg; Rognum, Torleiv O.; Thorsby, Erik; Gaudernack, Gustav (1994-08-15). "A K- ras 13GLY → ASP mutation is recognized by HLA-DQ7 restricted T cells in a patient with colorectal cancer. Modifying effect of DQ7 on established cancers harbouring this mutation?". International Journal of Cancer. 58 (4): 506–511. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910580409. ISSN 0020-7136. PMID 7914513.
  15. ^ Gjertsen, M.K.; Breivik, J.; Saeterdal, I.; Thorsby, E.; Gaudernack, G.; Bakka, A.; Søreide, O.; Solheim, B.G. (1995). "Vaccination with mutant ras peptides and induction of T-cell responsiveness in pancreatic carcinoma patients carrying the corresponding RAS mutation". The Lancet. 346 (8987): 1399–1400. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)92408-6. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 7475823.
  16. ^ Breivik, Jarle; Lothe, Ragnhild A.; Meling, Gunn Iren; Rognum, Torleiv O.; Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise; Gaudernack, Gustav (1997-12-19). "Different genetic pathways to proximal and distal colorectal cancer influenced by sex-related factors". International Journal of Cancer. 74 (6): 664–669. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19971219)74:6<664::AID-IJC18>3.0.CO;2-5. PMID 9421366.
  17. ^ Breivik, Jarle (2001-05-08). "Don't stop for repairs in a war zone: Darwinian evolution unites genes and environment in cancer development". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 98 (10): 5379–5381. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.5379B. doi:10.1073/pnas.101137698. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 33219. PMID 11344279.
  18. ^ Gibbs, W. Wayt. "Untangling the Roots of Cancer". Scientific American. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  19. ^ Zimmer, Carl (2007). "Evolved for Cancer?". Scientific American. 296 (1): 68–74, 75A. Bibcode:2007SciAm.296a..68Z. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0107-68. PMID 17186835. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  20. ^ "No Solution To Cancer: Have Our Genes Evolved To Turn Against Us?". ScienceDaily. April 17, 2007. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  21. ^ Ledford, Heidi; Tollefson, Jeff (2016-01-13). "Obama proposes cancer "moonshot" in State of the Union address". Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2016.19155. ISSN 1476-4687.
  22. ^ Smith, Richard (2024-02-08). "Chatting with the King about cancer". BMJ. 384: q342. doi:10.1136/bmj.q342. ISSN 1756-1833. PMID 38331465.
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