Delaval is the surname of a family of gentry/aristocracy in Northumberland, England, from the 11th century to the 19th century. Their main estate was the manor of Seaton Delaval. The 18th century Delavals are noteworthy for their colourful lifestyle, for the magnificent Seaton Delaval Hall and for the development of the little seaport of Seaton Sluice and a coal mine at Old Hartley.
History edit
The Delaval name derives from Laval, a town in the valley of the river Mayenne, in the département of Mayenne in old Maine, north-western France. An early ancestor, Guy de la Val I, built a castle there in the first half of the eleventh century. Following the Norman Conquest of England, the de la Vals settled in Northumberland.[1] At Seaton they built a small fortified dwelling near the existing Saxon church, which in 1100 Hubert de la Val rebuilt, bringing into being the present Church of Our Lady near Delaval Hall.[2]
It would appear that the initial fortified dwelling evolved into the mediaeval Seaton Tower, probably in the fourteenth century. This was extended in Tudor and Jacobean times to form a rambling manor house of considerable size. In the earlier eighteenth century, this was replaced by the present Seaton Delaval Hall (referred to locally as Delaval Hall), the third and last great mansion designed by architect and playwright Sir John Vanbrugh. This was devastated by a fire in 1822 but later restored – apart from the interior of the main block.
The Delaval surname died out on at least two occasions in the Middle Ages, but was re-adopted by lords of Seaton presumably because of the prestige attached to its Norman-French sound. The Delaval family played a prominent part in the life of the county of Northumberland; several served as High Sheriff of the county, others became Members of Parliament and some served as Border Commissioner (the northern edge of the county lies along the Anglo-Scottish border).
The fortunes of the Delavals of Seaton rose to their peak in the eighteenth century. However, with the death of Edward Hussey Delaval in 1814, the Delaval line died out, and the manor of Seaton Delaval and other estates passed to the Astley family of Melton Constable.
Edward Astley, 22nd Baron Hastings, a considerable landowner, spent many years restoring the Hall, before it became his permanent home until his death in 2007. His son and heir, Delaval Astley, 23rd Baron Hastings, faced with high death duties, sold the Hall to the National Trust.
Eighteenth-century Delavals edit
The eighteenth-century Delavals of Seaton[3] were:
- Admiral George Delaval (1660–1723)
- Captain Francis Blake Delaval (1692–1752)
- Sir Francis Blake Delaval (1727–1771)
- Lord John Hussey Delaval (1728–1808)
- Edward Hussey Delaval (1729–1814)
Lady Rhoda Delaval Astley, the daughter of Captain Francis Blake Delaval[4] and sister of Sir Francis Blake Delaval,[5] was an artist who painted Delaval family members. Many of the paintings are in the National Trust and located at Seaton Delaval Hall, which descended into the Astley line through her son Jacob.[4][6]
See also edit
- Baron Delaval
- Delaval baronets
- Admiral Sir Ralph Delaval (c.1641–c.1707)
- Frances de la Tour
References edit
Footnotes edit
- ^ Askham, Francis (1955). The Gay Delavals. London: Jonathan Cape. p. 21.
- ^ Jackson, Rev. G. W. (1997). The Lady Chapel (Delaval Parish Church) Seaton Delaval Hall (visitor booklet). p. 6.
- ^ The Gay Delavals, Francis Askham, 1955, hardback, 256 pages. Concentrates on the 18th-century Delavals.
- ^ a b "Rhoda Delaval, Lady Astley (1725 - 1757)". National Trust Collections. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
- ^ "Rhoda Delaval (1725–1757), Later Lady Astley, and Her Brother, Sir Francis Blake Delaval (1727–1771), as 'Painting and Poetry' (after Bernardino Luini)". Art UK. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
- ^ Neil Jeffares (2006). "Lady Astley". Dictionary of pastellists before 1800 (PDF). London: Unicorn Press. OCLC 607845199. Retrieved 12 March 2015 – via Pastellists.com.
Sources edit
- Those Delavals, Roger Burgess, 1972, paperback, 55 pages, published by Graham, ISBN 0-902833-64-2. Concentrates on the 18th century Delavals. Accompanied a BBC North East TV series.
- Handbook: Seaton Delaval Hall, with introduction by the 22nd Lord Hastings, dated April 1966. Possibly obtainable when visiting the Hall. A new National Trust guidebook was published in 2011.
- Northumberland County History, vols. 8, 9 and 11. Rich in accurate genealogy.
- Archaeologia Aeliana, 2nd Series, vol. 12, pp. 215–228.
- Delaval Papers. These are mainly Lord John's papers – thousands of documents in 30 boxes These were saved from destruction at the end of the 19th century by a local antiquary, John Robinson, when he heard they were going to be burnt along with other rubbish at the old Hartley colliery office. Robinson published his own collection of the papers at the time. When Askham wrote The Gay Delavals in 1955, the documents were in the vaults of Newcastle upon Tyne City Library and still uncatalogued. In 2013 they were kept, now catalogued, at the Northumberland Archives in Woodhorn Museum in Woodhorn, near the Queen Elizabeth II Country Park, Ashington, Northumberland.
Further reading edit
- Stafford M. Linsley (2004) Delaval family, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- Delaval (Horsley) of Seaton Delaval, The National Archives (UK)
- Delaval of Seaton Delaval family tree, in A History of Northumberland vol. 9, pp 167–175. (1893)