Danavulapadu Jain temple is an ancient Jain center located in Danavulapadu village, within the Jammalamadugu mandal of Kadapa district in the state of Andhra Pradesh.
| Danavulapadu Jain temple | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Danavulapadu Jain temple | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Jainism |
| Sect | Digambara |
| Deity | Parshvanatha |
| Festivals | Mahavir Jayanti |
| Location | |
| Location | Danavulapadu village, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh |
.svg)  Location within Andhra Pradesh | |
| Geographic coordinates | 14°47′29.3″N 78°26′16.6″E / 14.791472°N 78.437944°E |
| Architecture | |
| Style | Rashtrakuta architecture |
| Date established | 8th century |
History edit
Danavulapadu Jain temple, discovered in 1903,[1][2] was once an important Jain center and received royal patronage from Rashtrakuta dynasty.[3][4] According to inscriptions on Nishidhi stone, the site was popular among Jain acharyas to perform Sallekhana.[5] A 13th century inscription found in neighbouring village mentions present of this temple.[6]
A chaumukha (four-faced) idol was installed in 8th century during reign of Rashtrakuta dynasty.[note 1][7][8] There is a one-line sanskrit inscription at the base of the statue with characters from the early Eastern Chalukyas period.[9] In 968 CE, Khottiga, Rashtrakuta empire, installed a panavatta for the Mahamastakabhisheka of Shantinatha.[10][11]
About temple edit
The temple plan features a mandapa, antarala, and garbhagriha. The adhishtana of the temple is decorated with fine carvings. There are carvings of Nāga, Nāginī, Hanuman and Ganesha on temple wall.[6]
The temple enshrines a 10th-century 12 feet (3.7 m) idol of a five-hooded serpent Parshvanatha seated on a lotus shaped pedestal with carvings scroll ornaments and sculptures of elephants and crocodiles as vahanas. The hands, and portion nelow the knee is broken.[12][13] There is an image of yakshi in lotus position seated on a lion. The second shrine is heavily ornate structure ensuring an idol of Tirthankara.[14] Several serpent deities idols have been placed besides the well near the temple complex.[15][16] The temple also houses an idol of Padmavati.[17]
Gallery edit
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Parshvanatha idol -
Image of Ganesha -
Idols of serpent near the temple
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Conservation edit
The temple complex is protected by Archaeological Survey of India.[6] Various artefacts, inscriptions and sculptures discovered at the site are now placed inside Government Museum, Chennai.[4][15]
See also edit
Notes edit
References edit
Citation edit
- ^ Konow 1910, p. 147.
- ^ Ramamurty 1979, pp. 54–55.
- ^ Stephens 1904, p. 24.
- ^ a b Ramamurty 1979, p. 54.
- ^ Reddy 2022, p. 113.
- ^ a b c "Buried Jaina Temple and Remains at Danavulapadu". Archaeological Survey of India. Archived from the original on 15 September 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ a b Nandi 1973, p. 33.
- ^ Leeuw 1956.
- ^ Archaeological Survey of India 1903, p. 26.
- ^ Shah 1987, p. 156.
- ^ Nandi 1973, p. 35.
- ^ Kannan & Lakshminarayanan 2001, p. 63.
- ^ Pereira 1977, p. 7.
- ^ Ramamurty 1979, p. 55.
- ^ a b "Danavulapadu". Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ "Archaeology". Government Museum, Chennai. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ Singh 1971, p. 165.
Sources edit
Books edit
- Archaeological Survey of India (1903). Annual Report of the Archaeological Department, Southern Circle, Madras. Coorg: Government Press.
- Kannan, R.; Lakshminarayanan, K. (2001). Iconography of the Jain images in the government museum (PDF). Vol. 15. Government Museum, Chennai.
- Konow, Sten (1910). Epigraphia Indica and Record of the Archaeological Survey of India (PDF). Epigraphia Indica. Vol. 10. Bombay: Archaeological Survey of India.
- Nandi, Ramendra Nath (1973). Religious Institutions and Cults in the Deccan, C. A.D. 600-A.D. 1000. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-08-426-0564-9.
- Pereira, Jose (1977). Monolithic Jinas. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-2397-6.
- Ramamurty, N. (1979). Social and religious life as depicted in the Chalukyan sculptures (PDF). Aligarh: Aligarh Muslim University.
- Reddy, Pedarapu Chenna (2022). Nagabharana: Recent Trends in Jainism Studies. Blue Rose Publishers. ISBN 978-93-56114-46-3.
- Shah, Umakant Premanand (1987). Jaina-rūpa-maṇḍana: Jaina iconography. Vol. 1. Abhinav Publications. ISBN 978-81-7017-208-6.
- Stephens, H. Morse (1904). Madras State Administration Report. Government Press.
Web edit
- Leeuw, Lohuizen-de (1956). "Danavulapadu". Leiden University Library. Netherland.
- Singh, Ram Bhushan (1971). "Jaina Goddesses In Karnataka And Their Association With Tantricism During Early Medieval Times". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 33. Indian History Congress: 165–71. JSTOR 44145329. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
External links edit
Media related to Danavulapadu Jain temple at Wikimedia Commons