Chase Lake is a 2,053 acre, shallow lake in Stutsman County, North Dakota. It is the focal point of several protected areas administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Geographical Survey. It is known as one of the largest nesting areas for the American white pelican.
| Chase Lake | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Aerial view of birds on a nesting island within Chase Lake | |
  Chase Lake | |
| Location | Stutsman County, North Dakota |
| Coordinates | 47°00′30″N 99°26′31″W / 47.0084185°N 99.4420340°W |
| Type | Lake |
| Basin countries | United States |
| Managing agency | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |
| Surface area | 2,053 acres (8.31 km2) |
| Surface elevation | 527 metres (1,729 ft)[1] |
Characteristics edit
Chase Lake has an area of 2,053 acres (8.31 km2).[2] It is about 2 miles (3.2 km) long and round in shape.[3] It is usually considered shallow, but the water level varies seasonally. There is no outflow for the lake. It is highly alkaline.[2]
In 1926, the lake was described as being "so strongly alkaline that white salts were piled up six inches deep in some places along its shores."[3] Since 1993, water levels have been consistently rising due to heavier precipitation. As a result, island topography in the lake has been changing, and the water has been steadily becoming less alkaline.[4]
There are two main islands of the lake. One is 9 acres (36,000 m2), the other 7 acres (28,000 m2). Depending on the water level, smaller islands may surface.[2]
Ecology edit
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Chase Lake is home to one of the largest breeding colonies of American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) in North America.[4] The pelican nesting grounds at Chase Lake were first documented in 1863. After a burst of settlement starting in 1872, the pelicans were nearly hunted to extirpation. The population was down to 50 individuals in 1905.[5]
Additionally, gulls and double-crested cormorants are common birds that nest at the lake.[2]
In 1926, it was observed that no reeds or rushes grew in the lake, and there were no trees around the water.[3] The lake, formerly known for its lack of any aquatic vertebrate life, now supports populations of tiger salamanders (Ambystoma mavortium) and fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas).[4] However, it has always been known to support brine shrimp (Artemia salina), brine flies (of the genus Ephydra), and water boatmen (of the family Corixidae).[6]
Administration and land management edit
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There are several areas managed by agencies of the United States government for the purpose of protecting wildlife at Chase Lake and the greater Prairie Pothole Region.
Chase Lake is fully encompassed within the 1,776 hectare Chase Lake National Wildlife Refuge, part of the greater Arrowwwood National Wildlife Refuge Complex. 1,683 hectares (4,160 acres) of the refuge was designated as the Chase Lake Wilderness in 1975. An additional 1,148 hectares (2,840 acres) adjacent to the Chase Lake NWR is owned and managed as the Chase Lake Wildlife Management Area by the North Dakota Game and Fish Department.[4]
The surrounding 140,000 acres (570 km2) are administered as the Chase Lake Wetland Management District. Of this, 44,000 acres (180 km2) are actively conserved through 136 waterfowl production areas.[7] Furthermore, the Chase Lake Prairie Project is 5,500,000 acres (22,000 km2) of land over 11 counties of North Dakota designated for improvement of habitat and wetland restoration efforts. This is predominantly on private land.[8]
References edit
- ^ "Chase Lake". nationalmap.gov. Geographic Names Information System. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ a b c d Chase Lake Wetland Management District National Wildlife Refuge Prairie Project Woodworth, ND Annual Report. United States Fish & Wildlife Service. 1997. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ a b c Bennett, Walter W. (1926). "White Pelicans and Other Birds of Chase Lake, North Dakota". Wilson Bulletin. 38 (2). Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ a b c d Mushet, David M.; Goldhaber, Martin B.; Mills, Christopher T.; McLean, Kyle I.; Aparicio, Vanessa M.; McCleskey, R. Blaine; Holloway, JoAnn M.; Stockwell, Craig A. (2015). "Chemical and biotic characteristics of prairie lakes and large wetlands in south-central North Dakota—Effects of a changing climate" (PDF). Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5126. doi:10.3133/sir20155126. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ "Chase Lake celebrates centennial". The Bismarck Tribune. 6 September 2008. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
- ^ Mushet, David; McLean, Kyle; Stockwell, Craig (1 December 2013). "Salamander Colonization of Chase Lake, Stutsman County, North Dakota". The Prairie Naturalist. 45: 106–108. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ "Chase Lake Wetland Management District". U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ Chase Lake National Wildlife Refuge. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved 22 February 2024.