Carla Meninsky is a former video game designer and programmer active during the early years of the Atari VCS.[1] Along with Carol Shaw (creator of 3-D Tic-Tac-Toe and River Raid), Meninsky was one of three female engineers at Atari, Inc. to develop video game cartridges.[2] She later became an intellectual property lawyer.
Carla Meninsky | |
|---|---|
| Occupation(s) | Video game designer, programmer, lawyer |
| Years active | 1977–present |
| Employer(s) | Atari, Inc. Electronic Arts |
| Known for | Indy 500, Dodge 'Em |
Background edit
Meninsky's mother was a programmer and Carla learned programming in high school, but she switched from mathematics to neuropsychology and brain modelling at Stanford University. Given her artistic bent, Meninsky was particularly interested in vision and eventually veered back toward programming and a lifelong dream of creating animation tools.[3]
She began her college career at Stanford studying math but eventually switched to psychology because it sounded more exciting.[3] She learned basic Fortran in high school from her mother, who was a programmer, and through this built an interest in computer animation.[3]
Atari, Inc. edit
Meninsky joined Atari after graduating from Stanford University with a degree in psychology.
For the Atari 2600 she wrote the racing games Indy 500 and Dodge 'Em (similar to the 1979 Head On coin-op from Sega), a 1981 port of Atari's Warlords, and the 2600 version of Star Raiders (originally designed by Doug Neubauer for the Atari 8-bit family).[3] She later worked on a port of Tempest that was never released, but prototypes exist.[4]
Law practice edit
Meninsky worked for Electronic Arts (EA) and other game publishers and eventually started her own successful contract programming company. In the course of writing contracts and seeing intellectual property rights being ignored by some companies, she became interested in intellectual property law.[3] Meninsky graduated from George Washington University Law School and now practices intellectual property law.[5] As an EPIC Public Interest Opportunities Program Fellow, Meninsky testified before the U.S. Senate in 2002.[6]
References edit
- ^ Fulton, Steve (August 21, 2008). "Atari: The Golden Years — A History, 1978–1981". Gamasutra. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
- ^ Crawford, Chris (2003). Chris Crawford on Game Design. New Riders Games. pp. 223, 437. ISBN 0-13-146099-4.
- ^ a b c d e "A conversation with Carla Meninsky". willnicholes.com. 12 November 2011. Retrieved 2023-02-10.
- ^ Yarusso, Albert. "Programmers: Carla Meninsky". AtariAge. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved December 3, 2010.
- ^ Meninsky, Carla. "Computer Programs and Copyright: Using Technological Measures to Lock out Competition". Munich Intellectual Property Law Center. Retrieved 2011-03-27.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Rotenberg, Marc; Meninsky, Carla. "EPIC Statement on Biometrics and Identify Theft". Electronic Privacy Information Center. Archived from the original on 2020-11-17. Retrieved 2011-03-27.
Publications edit
Meninsky, Carla. "Locked Out: The New Hazards of Reverse Engineering". The John Marshall Journal of Computer & Information Law Vol. XXI Summer 2003 No. 4. Retrieved 2015-05-23.