Calendula palaestina, the Palestine marigold, is a species of annual flowering plant in the marigold genus Calendula, family Asteraceae. It is an annual, erect, non-succulent herb, standing 20–40 cm high,[1] with glandular hairs. The leaves are alternate, 2.5-10cm long to 20mm wide, flat, and hairy to rough in texture, with margins mostly wavy and toothed, and tips more or less pointed.[2]
| Calendula palaestina | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Calendula |
| Species: | C. palaestina
|
| Binomial name | |
| Calendula palaestina | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Its flower heads, composed on many yellow ligulate (ray) and tubular (disc) florets, are borne singly at the ends of the stems. They have 2.5–4 cm long outer achenes, 2–2.5 cm long beaks, winged or wingless, sometimes crested or toothed; intermediate achenes are elongated; inner achenes are smaller, strongly curved, with scattered hairs..[2]
The native range of this species is the eastern Mediterranean to western Iran, and it has been introduced to New South Wales. It grows primarily in the subtropical biome.[3]
Chemistry edit
The flowers, leaves, and stems of various Calendula species contain flavonoids, xanthophylls, and carotenoids, essential oils, coumarins (scopoletin), and water-soluble polysaccharides.[4] Like other species of Calendula, C. palaestina is used in various traditional and medicinal practices for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.[5]
There is evidence that this species of Calendula has the potential to lower whitefly populations in a comprehensive pest management program in local communities, pending cultivation of these medicinal plant species.[6]
References edit
- ^ "Calendula palaestina Boiss. | Flora of Israel and adjacent areas". צמחיית ישראל וסביבתה. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
- ^ a b "PlantNET - FloraOnline". plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
- ^ "Calendula palaestina Boiss". Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
- ^ Samatadze, Tatiana E.; Yurkevich, Olga Yu; Khazieva, Firdaus M.; Basalaeva, Irina V.; Savchenko, Olga M.; Zoshchuk, Svyatoslav A.; Morozov, Alexander I.; Amosova, Alexandra V.; Muravenko, Olga V. (January 2023). "Genome Studies in Four Species of Calendula L. (Asteraceae) Using Satellite DNAs as Chromosome Markers". Plants. 12 (23): 4056. doi:10.3390/plants12234056. ISSN 2223-7747. PMC 10708038. PMID 38068691.
- ^ Saveetha, Gheena (10 August 2023). "In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Potentials of Herbal Formulation Containing Marigold Flower". Cureus. 15 (8): e43308. doi:10.7759/cureus.43308. PMC 10492899. PMID 37700948.
- ^ Hammad, E. Abou-Fakhr; Zeaiter, A.; Saliba, N.; Talhouk, S. (2014). "Bioactivity of indigenous medicinal plants against the cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci". Journal of Insect Science (Online). 14 (105): 105. doi:10.1673/031.014.105. ISSN 1536-2442. PMC 4212871. PMID 25204756.