Baba Behbud or Baba bey Behbud Saricali Javanshir (b. 1897, Shusha, Russian Empire - d. Istanbul, Türkiye, 1970) was an officer in the National Army of Azerbaijan People's Republic. He also served as an immigrant colonel of Turkish Armed Forces in the Turkish Independence War. He was awarded the Medal of Independence.[1] He participated in the Battle of Askeran and the Karabakh uprising against the occupation after the April invasion.
Baba Behbud or Baba bey Behbud Saricali Javanshir | |
|---|---|
.jpg) On the left, the 3rd Baba bey Behbud is seated among Azerbaijani emigrants. | |
| Born | 1897 Shusha |
| Died | 1970 (aged 1961) Istanbul, Turkey |
| Allegiance |  Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (from 1918 to 1920)  Turkey (from 1920 to 1955) |
| Service/ | Cavalry |
| Years of service | 1918-1955 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Commands held | Cavalry division in Ankara |
| Battles/wars | Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan Ganja revolt Turkish Independence War |
| Awards | Medal of Independence |
| Relations | Javanshir clan |
Early life and education edit
Baba bey was born in Shusha in 1897.[2] He belonged to the Behbudov noble family from the Karabakh region of Azerbaijan. The family was founded by Behbud Ali bey, the brother of Panah Ali Khan, who was the founder of the Karabakh Khanate. Baba bey's parents were Mustafa bey and Mina khanum. He had two sisters, Afer and Aghca. After the establishment of the Republic of Azerbaijan, he entered the military school which was opened in Ganja in May 1918.[2]
Career edit
In Azerbaijan Democratic Republic edit
After graduating from the military school, he started serving in the Karabakh Cavalry Regiment as an officer.[3][verification needed] As an officer, since the end of 1918, he served in Shusha and surrounding regions for the purpose of neutralizing Armenian separatists in Karabakh.[2] During the inspection held in January 1919, the cavalry regiment served by Baba Bey received personal thanks from the Minister of War for his service.[3][verification needed]
He served in the army of land forces of the Azerbaijan People's Republic. After the occupation of Azerbaijan by the Soviet army on April 28, 1920, revolts began in Ganja and Karabakh. The rebellion in Ganja was commanded by members of the Azerbaijani Army, while the rebellion in Karabakh was commanded by Nuri Pasha. Baba bey joined the rebellion together with the Karabakh cavalry that he commanded.
On March 21, 1920, the Armenian-Dashnak forces suddenly attacked the positions of the Javanshir infantry regiment located in Askeran, seized the Askeran pass and started a rebellion.[4] On March 26, 1920, the Azerbaijani army launched a large-scale attack against Dro's troops in the direction of Askaran. As an officer of the national army, Baba Bey Behbudov participated in these battles as part of the cavalry regiment. Fierce battles that began in Asgaran ended with the victory of the Azerbaijani army.[citation needed] The enemy forces were completely destroyed in the battles that lasted until the middle of April.[5]
After the occupation of the republic, uprisings against the Bolsheviks began in different parts of Azerbaijan. Baba Bey took part in the Karabakh uprising led by Nuru Pasha on the night of June 3-4, 1920 as part of the Karabakh Cavalry Regiment. The rebels overthrew the Soviet government in Shusha on June 6 and arrested the members of the Shusha Revolutionary Committee.[6] Colonel Zeynalov is appointed the general commander of the national military forces in Karabakh. On June 10, 1920, the Red Army launched a full-frontal offensive against the rebels. Since the Red Army was numerically superior in this attack and used armored vehicles and military aircraft in the battle, the rebels were unable to fight against them and were forced to retreat.[3]
After the suppression of the Karabakh rebellion, Baba Behbudov and the surviving soldiers of the cavalry and infantry regiments of the army of the Republic of Azerbaijan, under the command of Colonel Nuh Bey Sofiev, retreated in the direction of Garyagin and Jabrayil, crossed the Araz river and entered the territory of Iran.[7]
In Turkey edit
He moved to Turkey, where he joined the resistance in Anatolia and fought in the War of Independence. He was awarded the Medal of Independence by Mustafa Kemal for his services. After the war, he suppressed ethnic and religious rebellions between 1925 and 1927. He was promoted to Captain in 1933, Major in 1940, Lieutenant Colonel in 1944, and Colonel in 1948. He then commanded the cavalry division in Ankara. He retired from the army in 1955. During his life in Turkey, he was an active member of the Azerbaijani emigration in Turkey and had many meetings with Mahammad Amin Rasulzade.[8][1]
He died on 10 July 1970 in Istanbul and was buried in Feriköy Cemetery.[1]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b c Əhməd 2018, p. 32.
- ^ a b c Ədalət Tahirzadə(Adalet Tahirzada), Orxan Cəbrayıl(Orkhan Jabrayil) (2022). Qurtuluş Savaşının azərbaycanlı zabitləri/Azerbaijani officers of the Turkish War of Independence. Bakı: Chapar publish. p. 67. ISBN 978-9952-5513-4-1.
- ^ a b c Azərbaycan Xalq Cümhuriyyəti Ensiklopediyası/The Encyclopedy of Azerbaijani Repbulic (PDF). Vol. II. Baku: Lider. 2005. p. 134. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
- ^ Shemistan Nazirli (8 August 2017). "İyirminci ildə Qarabağ döyüşləri/Karabakh battles in the twentieth year" (in Azerbaijani). anl.az. Archived from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ^ Azərbaycan Milli Ensiklopediyası.Azerbaijan National Encyclopedia /Askaran war, ƏSGƏRAN DÖYÜŞÜ (1920). Vol. VIII. Baku: Azerbaijan National Encyclopedia Scientific Center. 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2022.
- ^ Edalet Tahirzade, Orkhan Jebrayil (2022). Qurtuluş Savaşının azərbaycanlızabitləri/Azerbaijani officers of the Turkish War of Independence. Baku: Çapar nəşriyyatı. p. 70. ISBN 978-9952-5513-4-1.
- ^ Edalet Tahirzade, Orkhan Jebrayil (2022). Qurtuluş Savaşının azərbaycanlızabitləri/Azerbaijani officers of the Turkish War of Independence. Baku: Çapar nəşriyyatı. p. 71. ISBN 978-9952-5513-4-1.
- ^ Orkhan Jebrail (1 Sep 2017). "stiqlal savaşçısı - polkovnik Baba bəy Behbud". karabakhmedia.az. Archived from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
Source edit
- Əhməd, Dilqəm (2018). Bir ildən yüz ilə. Baku: TEAS Press. ISBN 978-9952-310-47-4.