Alsodes is a genus of alsodid frogs found in Chile and Argentina.[1] It is the most species-rich frog genus in Patagonia.[2] Common name spiny-chest frogs has been coined for them.[3]
| Alsodes | |
|---|---|
| |
| Alsodes verrucosus from Volcan Calbuco in southern Chile | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Alsodidae |
| Genus: | Alsodes Bell, 1843 |
| Type species | |
| Alsodes monticola Bell, 1843
| |
| Species | |
|
19, see text. | |
Description edit
Characteristic for this genus is that during the reproductive season, adult males have thorny structures on the fingers and rounded spiny patches on the chest.[4] Breeding takes place in high-elevation streams, and tadpoles have slow development, including overwintering under ice cover.[5]
Species edit
There are 19 species in the genus:[1][6]
- Alsodes australis Formas, Úbeda, Cuevas & Nuñez, 1997
- Alsodes barrioi Veloso, Diaz, Iturra & Penna, 1981
- Alsodes cantillanensis Charrier, Correa-Quezada, Castro, and Méndez-Torres, 2015
- Alsodes coppingeri (Günther, 1881)
- Alsodes gargola Gallardo, 1970
- Alsodes hugoi Cuevas & Formas, 2001
- Alsodes igneus Cuevas & Formas, 2005
- Alsodes kaweshkari Formas, Cuevas & Nuñez, 1998
- Alsodes montanus (Lataste in Philippi, 1902)
- Alsodes monticola Bell, 1843
- Alsodes neuquensis Cei, 1976
- Alsodes nodosus (Duméril & Bibron, 1841)
- Alsodes norae Cuevas, 2008
- Alsodes pehuenche Cei, 1976
- Alsodes tumultuosus Veloso, Iturra & Galleguillos, 1979
- Alsodes valdiviensis Formas, Cuevas & Brieva, 2002
- Alsodes vanzolinii (Donoso-Barros, 1974)
- Alsodes verrucosus (Philippi, 1902)
- Alsodes vittatus (Philippi, 1902)
References edit
- ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2016). "Alsodes Bell, 1843". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
- ^ Blotto, B. L.; Nuñez, J. J.; Basso, N. S. G.; Úbeda, C. A.; Wheeler, W. C.; Faivovich, J. N. (2013). "Phylogenetic relationships of a Patagonian frog radiation, the Alsodes + Eupsophus clade (Anura: Alsodidae), with comments on the supposed paraphyly of Eupsophus". Cladistics. 29 (2): 113–131. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00417.x. hdl:11336/5605. S2CID 86232931.
- ^ Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 70
- ^ Cuevas, C. C.; Formas, J. R. (2005). "A new frog of the genus Alsodes (Leptodactylidae) from the Tolhuaca National Park, Andes Range, southern Chile". Amphibia-Reptilia. 26: 39–48. doi:10.1163/1568538053693288.
- ^ Vitt, Laurie J.; Caldwell, Janalee P. (2014). Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (4th ed.). Academic Press. p. 491.
- ^ "Alsodidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2016. Archived from the original on 9 October 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2016.