Alice Mabel Headwards-Hunter, LAH, FRCSEd (late 1800s – 11 September 1973) was the first woman to become a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. While she was the first woman to be given a seat in the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, she declined the seat and instead went to pursue work abroad.[1] While she chose to decline this seat she has pioneered the way for many future female physicians to come. She spent her professional life in India, caring mainly for women and children. The Indian Government recognised her service by the award of the Kaiser-i-Hind medal.[2]
Alice Mabel Headwards-Hunter | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1800s India |
| Died | 11 September 1973 |
| Known for | First female Fellow of RCSEd Child and Women's Health |
Early life edit
Headwards-Hunter was born in India in the late 1800s, the daughter of an Indian Army Officer. She received her education in England and in 1910 graduated LAH as a licentiate of the Apothecaries Hall of Ireland.[3]
Career edit
Headwards-Hunter returned to India in 1918 and worked initially in a British troop hospital as a Captain in the Royal Army Medical Corps.[2] After the war she took a post at the Peshawar Municipal Hospital focusing on women and child health.
She returned to Europe and in 1920, became the first woman to obtain the F.R.C.S.Ed diploma from the Royal College of Surgeons Edinburgh.[4] In 1919, the Sex Disqualification Removal Act was passed in Great Britain making it illegal to exclude any woman from employment because of her gender. In the months following the passing of this Act, Nancy Astor became the first woman to sit as Member of Parliament and, on 20 October 1920, Headwards-Hunter became the first woman to be admitted as a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.[5]
Returning to Calcutta in 1923, she set up a private practice concerned with woman and children.[2] Hunter was actively involved in development of health visitor training in India.[2]
She was also Divisional Surgeon to the Calcutta Brigade of the St John Ambulance, an organisation that she was to support throughout her life. She particularly valued the honour of Serving Sister and honorary life member of St John Ambulance awarded in 1946.[6] She became President of the YMCA in Calcutta and later President of all India YWCA.[2]
In 1933, she went as a front line St John's Ambulance doctor to the area which had been devastated by the Monghyr earthquake. The Second World War saw her practice intensify particularly when fighting reached the Indian/Burmese border.[2]
In 1942, she was one of the first women to go into Nepal, which at that time, remained a closed country. She was to attend the Crown Princess of Nepal. The following year, during the Bengal famine, she was asked by the Bengal government to set up a temporary hospital for child famine victims.[2]
Her work was recognised in 1945 when she was awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind Silver Medal.[2][7]
She continued to work in India and Pakistan until her retirement in the 1950s when she and her husband moved to Ireland.
Death edit
She died in Bruntsfield Hospital, Edinburgh on 11 September 1973.[2]
Legacy edit
In 2007, the Royal College of Surgeons Edinburgh awarded the first Hunter-Doig Medal. The medal is presented to a female RCSEd Member or Fellow in recognition of excellence.[4] It is named for Alice Headwards-Hunter as first female Fellow of the College and Caroline Doig, the first female member of the College Council. The award is presented to female surgeons who show both excellence and potential to advance their field. The Surgeons Hall Museum wrote that this award is given because, "[...] two female surgeons both of whom have achieved something no women had before."[8]
References edit
- ^ "The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (RCSEd) Library and Archive". wordpress.com. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Obituary Notices". Br Med J. 3 (5882): 700–701. 29 September 1973. doi:10.1136/bmj.3.5882.700. ISSN 0007-1447. PMID 4599586. S2CID 220148530.
- ^ Kelly, Laura (2015). Irish Women in Medicine, c.1880s-1920s: Origins, Education and Careers. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9781784992064.
- ^ a b "Hunter Doig Medal | The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh". The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ Macintyre, I M C and MacLaren, I F. Surgeon's Lives. Edinburgh. Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. 2005. p196
- ^ London Gazette 7 July 1944. https://origin-www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/36599/page/3193/data.pdf>
- ^ "SN Global June 2014". Issuu. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ ACSURGEONSHALL. "Hunter Doig: A Medal Awarded to Future Women in Surgery Inspired by Two Groundbreaking Female Surgeons Who Helped Make That a Possibility". wordpress.com. Retrieved 21 April 2019.