The 2020 United States Senate election in Alabama was held on November 3, 2020, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of Alabama, concurrently with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states, elections to the United States House of Representatives, and various state and local elections.
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Turnout | 62.8% ![]() | ||||||||||||||||
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Tuberville: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80-90% >90% Jones: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90% Tie: 50% No data | |||||||||||||||||
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Incumbent senator Doug Jones, first elected in a 2017 special election in what was widely labeled a major upset, ran for a full term, facing Tommy Tuberville in the general election.
This race was one of two Democratic-held U.S. Senate seats up for election in 2020 in a state President Trump won in 2016.[2] Jones was widely considered the most vulnerable senator among those seeking re-election in 2020 due to Alabama's heavy Republican lean, with analysts predicting a Republican pickup; Jones's 2017 win was in part due to sexual misconduct allegations against his Republican opponent Roy Moore.[3]
As was predicted, Tuberville easily defeated Jones,[4][5][6][7] who suffered the largest margin of defeat for an incumbent U.S. Senator since Arkansas' Blanche Lincoln in 2010. Tuberville received the highest percentage of the vote for any challenger since Joseph D. Tydings in 1964. Jones became the first Democratic senator to lose reelection in Alabama, and the only Democratic senator to be defeated in 2020. He outperformed Biden in the state by about 5 points. This was the only Republican flip of the 2020 U.S. Senate elections, and as of 2024 is the last time Republicans flipped a Senate seat.
Democratic primary edit
The candidate filing deadline was November 8, 2019. Jones ran unopposed.[8][9]
Candidates edit
Nominee edit
- Doug Jones, incumbent U.S. senator[10]
Declined edit
- John Rogers, state representative[11]
- Randall Woodfin, mayor of Birmingham[12] (endorsed Doug Jones)
Endorsements edit
- U.S. senators
- Kamala Harris, U.S. senator (CA) (2017–2021), candidate for President of the United States in 2020, Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States in 2020[13]
- Amy Klobuchar, U.S. senator (MN) and candidate for President of the United States in 2020[14]
- Joe Manchin, U.S. senator (WV)[15]
- U.S. representatives
- Terri Sewell (AL-7)[16]
- Local officials
- Stacey Abrams, Democratic nominee for Governor of Georgia in 2018, former Minority Leader of the Georgia House of Representatives[17]
- Randall Woodfin, Mayor of Birmingham[12]
- Individuals
- Michael O'Neill, actor[16]
- Organizations
Republican primary edit
Candidates edit
Nominee edit
- Tommy Tuberville, former Auburn Tigers football head coach[22]
Eliminated in runoff edit
- Jeff Sessions, former United States attorney general, former holder of this seat, and former attorney general of Alabama[23]
Eliminated in primary edit
- Stanley Adair, businessman[24]
- Bradley Byrne, incumbent U.S. representative for Alabama's 1st congressional district[25]
- Arnold Mooney, state representative
- Roy Moore, former chief justice of the Alabama Supreme Court, former candidate for Governor of Alabama in 2006 and 2010 and nominee for the U.S. Senate in 2017[26]
- Ruth Page Nelson, community activist[27]
Withdrew edit
- Marty Preston Hatley[28][29]
- John Merrill, Secretary of State of Alabama[30]
- John Paul Serbin[31][29]
Declined edit
- Robert Aderholt, incumbent U.S. representative for Alabama's 4th congressional district[32]
- Will Ainsworth, Alabama lieutenant governor[33]
- Mo Brooks, incumbent U.S. representative for Alabama's 5th congressional district and candidate for U.S. Senate in 2017[34]
- Will Dismukes, state representative[35]
- Matt Gaetz, incumbent U.S. representative for Florida's 1st congressional district[36]
- Del Marsh, president pro tempore of the Alabama Senate[37]
- Arthur Orr, state senator[12] (endorsed Bradley Byrne)
- Martha Roby, incumbent U.S. representative for Alabama's 2nd congressional district[38]
- Heather Whitestone, former Miss America[39][40]
Endorsements edit
- Federal officials
- Liz Cheney, U.S. representative (WY-AL) [41]
- State officials
- Tom Butler, state senator and former state representative (1982–1994)[42]
- Arthur Orr, state senator[43]
- Federal officials
- Mo Brooks, U.S. representative (AL-05) and Republican candidate in the 2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama[44]
- Mike Lee, U.S. senator (UT)[45]
- Mark Levin, former Chief of Staff to U.S. Attorney General Edwin Meese and U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary of Education[44]
- Rand Paul, U.S. senator (KY)[46]
- Organizations
- Individuals
- Erick Erickson, blogger[44]
- Federal officials
- John Ashcroft, former U.S. Attorney General (2001-2005)[47]
- John Barrasso, U.S. senator (WY)[48][49]
- Roy Blunt, U.S. senator (MO) and former U.S. representative (MO-07) (1997–2011)[48][49]
- John Boozman, U.S. senator (AR) and former U.S. Representative (AR-03) (2001–2011)[48][49]
- Mike Crapo, U.S. senator (ID) and former U.S. representative (ID-02) (1993–1999)[48][49]
- Mike Enzi, U.S. senator (WY)[48][49]
- Deb Fischer, U.S. senator (NE)[48][49]
- Jim Inhofe, U.S. senator (OK) and former U.S. representative (R-OK-01) (1987–1994)[48][49]
- Johnny Isakson, former U.S. senator (GA) (2005–2019) and U.S. Representative (R-GA-06) (1999–2005)[48][49]
- Ron Johnson, U.S. senator (WI)[48][49]
- Pat Roberts, U.S. senator (KS) and former U.S. Representative (KS-01) (1981–1997)[48][49]
- Richard Shelby, U.S. senator (AL) and former U.S. Representative (AL-07) (1979–1987)[50][48][49]
- Organizations
- Individuals
- Tucker Carlson, journalist and political commentator[54]
- Federal officials
- Donald Trump, 45th president of the United States (2017–2021)[55]
- State officials
- Will Ainsworth, lieutenant governor[56]
- Tom Whatley, state senator[57]
- Organizations
- Individuals
- Randy Owen, country music artist, lead singer of Alabama[60]
- Bruce Pearl, head coach of the Auburn Tigers men's basketball team[61]
- Sean Spicer, former White House Press Secretary (2017)[62]
First round edit
Polling edit
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Stanley Adair |
Mo Brooks |
Bradley Byrne |
Del Marsh |
John Merrill |
Arnold Mooney |
Roy Moore |
Ruth Page Nelson |
Gary Palmer |
Jeff Sessions |
Tommy Tuberville |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WPA Intelligence[A] | February 18–19, 2020 | 607 (LV) | ± 4% | <1% | – | 17% | – | – | <1% | 5% | – | – | 29% | 32% | <1% | 15% |
WPA Intelligence Archived February 15, 2020, at the Wayback Machine[A] | February 10–12, 2020 | 600 (LV) | ± 4% | <1% | – | 17% | – | – | 1% | 6% | <1% | – | 34% | 29% | – | 15% |
Harper Polling Archived March 8, 2020, at the Wayback Machine[B] | February 8–9, 2020 | 609 (LV) | ± 3.97% | – | – | 26% | – | – | – | 5% | – | – | 31% | 24% | – | 14% |
Mason-Dixon | February 4–6, 2020 | 400 (LV) | ± 5.0% | – | – | 17% | – | – | – | 5% | – | – | 31% | 29% | 2% | 16% |
OnMessage[C] | January 13–15, 2020 | 700 (LV) | ± 2.5% | – | – | 22% | – | – | – | – | – | – | 43% | 21% | – | – |
OnMessage[C] | December 3–5, 2019 | 700 (LV) | ± 3.7% | – | – | 14% | – | – | 1% | 7% | 1% | – | 44% | 21% | – | 12% |
Cherry Communications[D] | December 1–3, 2019 | 600 (LV) | ± 4.0% | 1% | – | 12% | – | – | 1% | 8% | – | – | 35% | 31% | – | – |
Merrill withdraws from the race | ||||||||||||||||
Filing deadline, by which Palmer had not declared his candidacy | ||||||||||||||||
Nelson and Sessions announce their candidacies | ||||||||||||||||
WPA Intelligence[A] | October 29–31, 2019 | 511 (V) | ± 4.4% | – | – | 11% | – | 6% | 2% | 11% | – | – | 36% | 23% | – | – |
Cygnal | October 10–12, 2019 | 536 (LV) | – | 1% | – | 18% | – | 9% | 2% | 11% | – | – | – | 32% | – | 28% |
Tommy for Senate[E] | Released on October 5, 2019 |
– (LV)[b] | – | 1% | – | 13% | – | 9% | 1% | 15% | – | – | – | 36% | – | 26% |
Moore Information[F] | August 11–13, 2019 | 400 (LV) | ± 5.0% | – | – | 17% | – | 13% | 1% | 15% | – | – | – | 33% | 3% | 17% |
Merrill announces his candidacy | ||||||||||||||||
Cygnal | June 22–23, 2019 | 612 (LV) | 4.0% | – | – | 21% | – | 12% | 2% | 13% | – | – | – | 29% | – | 22% |
– | – | 13% | – | 8% | – | 9% | – | – | 29% | 21% | – | – | ||||
Moore announces his candidacy | ||||||||||||||||
Moore Information[F] | June 10–11, 2019 | 650 (LV) | ± 4.0% | – | – | 16% | – | 7% | 2% | 18% | – | – | – | 23% | 6% | 28% |
Brooks announces he will not run | ||||||||||||||||
Marsh announces he will not run | ||||||||||||||||
Mason-Dixon | April 9–11, 2019 | 400 (RV) | ± 5.0% | – | 18% | 13% | 4% | – | – | 27% | – | 11% | – | – | 2%[c] | 25% |
Victory Phones[G] | Released in February 2019 |
400 (LV) | ± 5.0% | – | 30% | 17% | 7% | – | – | – | – | 12% | – | – | 6% | 27% |
Primary results edit
- 30–40%
- 40–50%
- 50–60%
- 30–40%
- 40–50%
- 50–60%
- 30–40%
- 40–50%
- 50–60%
- 60–70%
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Tommy Tuberville | 239,616 | 33.39% | |
Republican | Jeff Sessions | 227,088 | 31.64% | |
Republican | Bradley Byrne | 178,627 | 24.89% | |
Republican | Roy Moore | 51,377 | 7.16% | |
Republican | Ruth Page Nelson | 7,200 | 1.00% | |
Republican | Arnold Mooney | 7,149 | 1.00% | |
Republican | Stanley Adair | 6,608 | 0.92% | |
Total votes | 717,665 | 100.00% |
Runoff edit
The runoff for the Republican Senate nomination was planned for March 31, 2020,[64] but it was delayed until July 14 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.[65]
Polling edit
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Jeff Sessions |
Tommy Tuberville |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Auburn University at Montgomery Archived July 10, 2020, at the Wayback Machine | July 2–9, 2020 | 558 (RV) | ± 6% | 31% | 47% | 22%[d] |
OnMessage (R)[C] | May 26–27, 2020 | 600 (LV) | ± 3.46% | 43% | 49% | 8%[e] |
FM3 Research (D)[H] | May 14–18, 2020 | – (LV)[b] | – | 32% | 54% | 14%[f] |
Cygnal | May 7–10, 2020 | 607 (LV) | ± 3.98% | 32% | 55% | 13% |
FM3 Research (D)[H] | March, 2020 | – (LV)[b] | – | 36% | 54% | 10%[g] |
OnMessage (R)[C] | March 8–9, 2020 | 800 (LV) | ± 3.46% | 45% | 45% | 10% |
Cygnal | March 6–8, 2020 | 645 (LV) | + 3.86% | 40% | 52% | 8% |
Moore Information Group[permanent dead link][F] | March 5–7, 2020 | 400 (LV) | ± 5% | 38% | 49% | 13% |
WT&S Consulting Archived April 23, 2020, at the Wayback Machine | March 5, 2020 | 1,234 (LV) | + 3.29% | 42% | 49% | 8%[e] |
Mason-Dixon | February 4–6, 2020 | 400 (LV) | ± 5.0% | 49% | 42% | 9% |
Hypothetical polling
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Results edit
- 50–60%
- 60–70%
- 70–80%
- 50–60%
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Tommy Tuberville | 334,675 | 60.73% | |
Republican | Jeff Sessions | 216,452 | 39.27% | |
Total votes | 551,127 | 100.00% |
Independents edit
Candidates edit
Withdrawn edit
General election edit
Predictions edit
Source | Ranking | As of |
---|---|---|
The Cook Political Report[70] | Lean R (flip) | October 29, 2020 |
Inside Elections[71] | Lean R (flip) | October 28, 2020 |
Sabato's Crystal Ball[72] | Likely R (flip) | November 2, 2020 |
Daily Kos[73] | Likely R (flip) | October 30, 2020 |
Politico[74] | Lean R (flip) | November 2, 2020 |
RCP[75] | Likely R (flip) | October 23, 2020 |
DDHQ[76] | Safe R (flip) | November 3, 2020 |
538[77] | Likely R (flip) | November 2, 2020 |
Economist[78] | Safe R (flip) | November 2, 2020 |
Endorsements edit
- U.S. Senators
- Kamala Harris, U.S. senator (CA) and 2020 vice presidential nominee[13]
- Amy Klobuchar, U.S. senator (MN) and former 2020 presidential candidate[14]
- Joe Manchin, U.S. senator (WV)[15]
- U.S. Representatives
- Terri Sewell (AL-07)[16]
- Local officials
- Stacey Abrams, 2018 Democratic nominee for Governor of Georgia, former Minority Leader of the Georgia House of Representatives[17]
- Randall Woodfin, Mayor of Birmingham[12]
- Individuals
- Charles C. Krulak, retired Marine Corps general and former Joint Chiefs of Staff member[79] (Republican)
- Michael O'Neill, actor[16]
- Organizations
- End Citizens United[18]
- Feminist Majority PAC[80]
- Human Rights Campaign[19]
- Joint Action Committee for Political Affairs[81]
- League of Conservation Voters[20]
- National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare[82]
- National Organization for Women[21]
- Natural Resources Defense Council Action Fund[83]
- Unions
- Federal officials
- Donald Trump, 45th and incumbent president of the United States[87]
- Senators
- State officials
- Will Ainsworth, lieutenant governor[56]
- Tom Whatley, state senator[57]
- Organizations
- Individuals
- Randy Owen, country music artist, lead singer of Alabama[60]
- Bruce Pearl, head coach of the Auburn Tigers men's basketball team[61]
- Sean Spicer, former White House press secretary (2017)[62]
Polling edit
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Doug Jones (D) |
Tommy Tuberville (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Swayable Archived November 13, 2020, at the Wayback Machine | October 27 – November 1, 2020 | 294 (LV) | ± 8.5% | 42% | 58% | – | – |
Data for Progress | October 27 – November 1, 2020 | 1,045 (LV) | ± 3% | 44% | 56% | 0%[h] | – |
Morning Consult | October 22–31, 2020 | 850 (LV) | ± 3% | 39% | 51% | – | – |
Auburn University At Montgomery | October 23–28, 2020 | 853 (LV) | ± 4.4% | 43% | 54% | 3% | – |
Swayable | October 23–26, 2020 | 232 (LV) | ± 8.7% | 46% | 54% | – | – |
Cygnal | October 21–23, 2020 | 645 (LV) | ± 3.9% | 41% | 55% | – | 4% |
Moore Information (R)[F] | October 11–14, 2020 | 504 (LV) | ± 4.5% | 40% | 55% | – | – |
FM3 Research (D) Archived October 19, 2020, at the Wayback Machine[H] | October 11–14, 2020 | 801 (LV) | ± 3.5% | 48% | 47% | – | 5%[i] |
Auburn University at Montgomery Archived November 9, 2020, at the Wayback Machine | September 30 – October 3, 2020 | 1,072 (RV) | ± 4.0% | 42% | 54% | 4% | – |
Morning Consult | September 11–20, 2020 | 658 (LV) | ± (2% – 7%) | 34% | 52% | – | – |
Morning Consult | July 24 – August 2, 2020 | 609 (LV) | ± 4.0% | 35% | 52% | 4%[j] | 9% |
Auburn University at Montgomery Archived July 13, 2020, at the Wayback Machine | July 2–9, 2020 | 567 (RV) | ± 5.1% | 36% | 44% | 7%[k] | 14% |
WPA Intelligence (R)[K] | June 29 – July 2, 2020 | 509 (LV)[l] | ± 3.8% | 40% | 50% | – | – |
ALG Research (D) | June 18–22, 2020 | 600 (LV) | ± 4.0% | 44% | 47% | 1% | 8% |
Cygnal (R) | June 13–16, 2020 | 530 (LV) | ± 4.3% | 36% | 50% | 2%[m] | 13% |
FM3 Research (D)[H] | May 14–18, 2020 | 601 (LV) | ± 4.0% | 44% | 47% | – | 9% |
Mason-Dixon | February 4–6, 2020 | 625 (RV) | ± 4.0% | 42% | 50% | – | 8% |
JMC Analytics | December 16–18, 2019 | 525 (LV) | ± 4.3% | 40% | 47% | – | 13% |
- With Jeff Sessions
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Doug Jones (D) |
Jeff Sessions (R) |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Auburn University at Montgomery Archived July 13, 2020, at the Wayback Machine | July 2–9, 2020 | 567 (RV) | ± 5.1% | 43% | 49% | 7%[n] | 1% |
ALG Research (D) | June 18–22, 2020 | 600 (LV) | ± 4.0% | 43% | 45% | 3% | 9% |
Cygnal (R) | June 13–16, 2020 | 530 (LV) | ± 4.3% | 35% | 45% | 3%[o] | 18% |
Mason-Dixon | February 4–6, 2020 | 625 (RV) | ± 4.0% | 41% | 54% | – | 5% |
JMC Analytics | December 16–18, 2019 | 525 (LV) | ± 4.3% | 41% | 46% | – | 13% |
- With Bradley Byrne
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Doug Jones (D) |
Bradley Byrne (R) |
Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AL Daily News/Mason-Dixon | February 4–6, 2020 | 625 (RV) | ± 4.0% | 42% | 51% | 7% |
JMC Analytics | December 16–18, 2019 | 525 (LV) | ± 4.3% | 40% | 44% | 16% |
- With Arnold Mooney
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Doug Jones (D) |
Arnold Mooney (R) |
Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
JMC Analytics | December 16–18, 2019 | 525 (LV) | ± 4.3% | 40% | 34% | 25% |
- With Roy Moore
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Doug Jones (D) |
Roy Moore (R) |
Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
JMC Analytics | December 16–18, 2019 | 525 (LV) | ± 4.3% | 47% | 33% | 20% |
- With Generic Republican
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Doug Jones (D) |
Generic Republican |
Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mason-Dixon | Apr 9–11, 2019 | 625 (RV) | ± 4.0% | 40% | 50% | 10% |
- With Generic Opponent
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Doug Jones (D) |
Generic Opponent |
Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
JMC Analytics | December 16–18, 2019 | 525 (LV) | ± 4.3% | 34% | 48%[L] | 18% |
- with Generic Democrat and Generic Republican
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Generic Democrat |
Generic Republican |
Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cygnal | October 21–23, 2020 | 645 (LV) | ± 3.9% | 38% | 55% | 6% |
Results edit
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Tommy Tuberville | 1,392,076 | 60.10% | +11.76% | |
Democratic | Doug Jones (incumbent) | 920,478 | 39.74% | -10.23% | |
Write-in | 3,891 | 0.17% | −1.06% | ||
Total votes | 2,316,445 | 100.00% | N/A | ||
Republican gain from Democratic |
By county
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Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican edit
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Analysis edit
The result was a landslide victory for Tuberville. Tuberville's 20-point margin of victory is largely attributed to the presence of Donald Trump on the ballot, and Jones' votes against Brett Kavanaugh, Amy Coney Barrett, as well as his vote to convict Donald Trump in his first impeachment trial. Jones was widely considered the most vulnerable senator in 2020, and his victory in 2017 was largely attributed to allegations of child molestation against his opponent. While Jones was able to receive more raw votes than he did in 2017, Tuberville received nearly double the number of votes Roy Moore did in 2017, largely due to the high Republican turnout. Jones did perform well in Jefferson County and Montgomery County, but still vastly underperformed his margins in 2017, while Tuberville easily won the rural areas, and successfully flipped many counties that went to Jones by significant margins.
In the 2017 election, Jones won several traditionally Republican counties while also driving up margins and turnout in traditionally Democratic counties: he added onto massive margins in Birmingham and Montgomery with narrow wins in the state's other, previously more conservative metropolitan areas, such as Huntsville, Mobile, and Tuscaloosa, alongside several other small counties encircling the Black Belt.[92] Jones' win, though attributable to a spike in Democratic turnout and a decline in Republican turnout, was primarily reliant on sexual misconduct allegations against Moore, resulting in several prominent Republicans rescinding their endorsements.[93][94][95] With Tuberville lacking such controversies, the state swung hard into the Republican column in 2020,[96] and he flipped 12 counties Jones won in 2017. Jones only won the 13 counties won by Joe Biden in the concurrent 2020 presidential election, and his victories in Jefferson County (Birmingham) and Montgomery County (Montgomery) were insufficient to overcome Tuberville's performance in the rest of the state.
Notes edit
- Partisan clients and other notes
- ^ a b c The Club for Growth is a PAC supporting the Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign and has also endorsed Tuberville
- ^ Poll sponsored by the Bradley Byrne campaign
- ^ a b c d Poll sponsored by the Jeff Sessions campaign
- ^ Poll sponsored by FarmPAC
- ^ Internal poll from Tuberville's campaign
- ^ a b c d Poll sponsored by the Tommy Tuberville campaign.
- ^ Poll produced, according to Mo Brooks, by a group attempting to persuade him to enter this race
- ^ a b c d Poll sponsored by Jones' campaign.
- ^ a b c Poll sponsored by Club for Growth Action
- ^ Standard VI response
- ^ Poll sponsored by the Club for Growth, which supports exclusively Republican candidates.
- ^ "Jones does not deserve to be re-elected" with 48% as opposed to "Jones deserves to be re-elected"
- Voter samples
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Key:
A – all adults
RV – registered voters
LV – likely voters
V – unclear - ^ a b c Not yet released
- ^ Tim James with 2%
- ^ Undecided with 22%
- ^ a b Undecided with 8%
- ^ Undecided with 14%
- ^ Undecided with 10%
- ^ "Other candidate or write-in" with 0%
- ^ Includes "Refused"
- ^ "Someone else" with 4%
- ^ "Write-in candidate" with 7%
- ^ Additional data sourced from FiveThirtyEight
- ^ Parrish (I) with 2%
- ^ "Write-in candidate" with 7%
- ^ Parrish (I) with 3%
References edit
- ^ "US Elections Project – 2020g". www.electproject.org. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
- ^ The other was in Michigan, where Senator Gary Peters was re-elected over Republican John James
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "State of Alabama - Canvass of Results -" (PDF). Alabama Secretary of State. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
- ^ "State of Alabama Canvass of Results General Election November 3, 2020" (PDF). Alabama Secretary of State. November 3, 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ Bloch, Matthew; Cohn, Nate; Katz, Josh; Lee, Jasmine (December 12, 2017). "Alabama Election Results: Doug Jones Defeats Roy Moore in U.S. Senate Race". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ Ball, Molly (December 13, 2017). "How Doug Jones Beat Roy Moore and Shocked the World". Time. Archived from the original on December 14, 2017. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ "Roy Moore losing GOP endorsements after new accusations". WTHR. November 14, 2017. Archived from the original on November 25, 2021. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ "McConnell: Moore must quit. Senate GOP campaign chief: Expel him". NBC News. Associated Press. November 13, 2017. Archived from the original on November 13, 2017. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ Foran, Clare (November 3, 2020). "Democrat Doug Jones loses Alabama Senate seat to Republican Tommy Tuberville". CNN. Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
Further reading edit
- Amber Phillips (October 9, 2020). "The Senate seats most likely to flip parties in November". Washingtonpost.com.
External links edit
- Government Documents Round Table of the American Library Association. "Alabama". Voting & Elections Toolkits.
- "Alabama: Election Tools, Deadlines, Dates, Rules, and Links". Vote.org. Oakland, CA.
- "League of Women Voters of Alabama". (state affiliate of the U.S. League of Women Voters)
- Alabama at Ballotpedia
- Official campaign websites