This is a list of tyrants from Ancient Greece.
Abydus edit
Agrigentum (Acragas) edit
- Phalaris, 570-554 BC (overthrown and roasted)
- Telemachus, after 554 BC
- Alcamenes, 6th/5th century BC[3]
- Alcandros (Alcander), 6th/5th century BC[3]
- Theron, 488-472 BC
- Thrasydaeus, 472 BC (expelled and executed)
- Phintias, c. 288-279 BC
- Sosistratus, 279-277 BC. Later tyrant in Syracuse[4]
Alabanda edit
Ambracia edit
Amastris edit
- Amastris, until 284 BC
- Eumenes, 284 until c. 270 BC (hands city over to Kingdom of Pontus)[6]
Argos edit
- Laphaes, 6th century BC [7]
- Pheidon, around 550 BC
- Perilaus, c. 546 BC
- Archinus, c. 395 BC
- Aristippus the Elder, after 272 BC
- Aristomachos the Elder, before 250-240 BC (assassinated)
- Aristippus, 240-235 BC (killed in action)
- Aristomachus the Younger, 235-229 BC (resigned), 224-223 BC (tortured and executed)
Assos & Atarneus edit
Astacus edit
Athens edit
- Cylon, 632 BC (stoned)
- Pisistratus, 561 BC, 559-556 BC and 546-528 BC
- Hippias, 527-510 BC
- Theramenes, Critias, and Charicles leading members of the Thirty Tyrants 404-403 BC
- Lachares, 300-294 BC
- Aristion, 88-86 BC (executed)
Byzantium edit
- Ariston, c. 513 BC, pro persian, participated in the Scythian campaign of Darius I[1]
- Clearchus of Sparta, 411-409 BC, 404-401 BC
Cardia edit
Camarina edit
- Psaumis of Camarina, fl. c. 460 BC
Cassandreia edit
- Apollodorus, 279-276 BC (executed)
Catane edit
- Euarchus, 729 BC-?, founder of Catane[10]
- Deinomenes the Younger, fl. 470-465 BC
- Mamercus of Catane, 345-338 BC
Chalcis (Euboea) edit
- Tynnondas, c. 580 BC [11]
- Antileon, 6th century BC
- Mnesarchus, before 354 BC
- Callias, c. 354-350 BC, c. 343-330 BC
- Taurosthenes, c. 330 BC
Chersonese edit
- Miltiades the Elder, 555-519 BC
- Stesagoras, 519-516 BC (assassinated)
- Miltiades, 516-510 BC, 496-492 BC
Chios edit
- Strattis, fl. 513-480 BC
Cibyra edit
Corcyra edit
Corinth edit
- Cypselus, 657-627 BC
- Periander, 627-587 BC
- Psammetich (Psammetichus, named after Psamtik I), 587-584 BC [13]
- Timophanes, 364 BC (assassinated)
- Alexander, 253-247 BC (poisoned?)
- Nicaea, 247-245 BC (married)
Cos edit
- Scythes, late 6th century BC
- Cadmus, resigned 494 BC
- Nicias of Cos, 1st century BC
- Nicippus, 1st century (with Nicias)
Croton edit
Cumae edit
- Aristodemus, c. 505-490 BC
Cyme edit
- Aristagoras, fl. 513-493 BC
Cyprus edit
- Nicocreon, 4th century BC
Cyrene edit
- Ophellas, 312-308 BC
- Lycopus, c. 163 BC
- Nicocrates, c. 51 BC (assassinated)
- Leander, c. 50 BC (arrested)
Cyzicus edit
- Aristagoras, c. 513 BC [14]
Dardanos edit
- Mania, killed by her son-in-law c. 399 BC
Elatea edit
- Mnason, 4th century BC
Elea edit
Elis edit
- Aristotimus, 272 BC (assassinated)
Ephesus edit
- Athenagoras, 6th century BC
- Pythagoras, 6th century BC
- Pindarus, around 560 BC
- Aristarchus, around 545-540 BC
- Pasicles, 540-530 BC, killed when returning from a feast.
- Aphinagorus, fl. 530 BC
- Comas, fl. 530 BC
- Phanes
- Melancomas, around 500 BC
- Hegesias, 4th century BC
- Syrpax, until 334 BC (stoned)
- Melancomas II, fl. 214 BC
Epidaurus edit
- Procles, 640 BC
Eretria edit
- Themison, fl. 366 BC
- Plutarch, c. 355-350 BC (expelled)
- Hipparchus, c. 345 BC
- Automedon, c. 345 BC
- Cleitarchus, 345-341 BC (expelled)
Gela edit
- Cleander, 505-498 BC (assassinated)
- Hippocrates, 498-491 BC
- Gelon, 491-485 BC
- Hieron I, 485-466 BC
- Polyzalus, fl. c. 476 BC
Halicarnassus edit
- Artemisia I of Caria, fl. 480 BC
- Lygdamis II of Halicarnassus, fl. 469-444 BC
Heraclea Pontica edit
Hermione edit
- Xenon, stepped down 229 BC
Himera edit
- Terillus, early 5th century BC
Keryneia edit
- Iseas, 275 BC (resigned)
Lampsacus edit
Larissa edit
- Medius, fl. 395 BC
Leontini edit
- Panaetius, c. 615/609 BC
- Aenesidemus, 498-491 BC
- Hicetas, c. 347-338 BC
- Heracleides, fl. 278 BC
Lindos edit
- Cleobulus, 6th century BC
Locri edit
- Dionysius the Younger, 356-346 BC
Megalopolis edit
- Aristodemus the Good, c. 262-252 BC (assassinated by the "philosopher tyrannicides" Ecdemus and Damophanes)
- Lydiadas, c. 245-235 BC (joined the Achaean League)
Megara edit
- Theagenes, c. 620-600 BC
Messana edit
Messene edit
- Phyliades, before 336 BC (?)
Methymnae edit
- Aristonicus, before 332 BC (tortured and executed)
Miletus edit
- Amphitres, late 8th or 7th century BC
- Thrasybulus, 7th century BC
- Thoas, 6th century BC
- Damasanor, 6th century BC
- Histiaeus, 518-514 BC
- Aristagoras, c. 513-499 BC (reintroduced democracy)
- Timarchus, 3rd century BC
Mytilene edit
Naxos edit
- Lygdamis, until c. 512 BC
- Aristagoras, c. 502-499 BC
edit
- Aristomelidas, Archaic period (?)
- Nearchus, 234 BC (resigned)
Oreus edit
- Philistides, c. 341 BC (expelled)
- Menippus, c. 341 BC (expelled)
Parium edit
- Herophantus, c. 513 BC
Pellene edit
- Chaeron, after 336 BC
Pharsalus edit
Pherae edit
- Lycophron
- Jason, before 370 BC (assassinated)
- Polydorus, 370 BC (assassinated)
- Polyphron, 370-369 BC (assassinated)
- Alexander, 369-358 BC (assassinated)
- Tisiphonus, 357-355/4 BC
- Lycophron II, 355-352 BC (resigned)
- Peitholaus, 355-352 and 349 BC (resigned, expelled)
Phlius edit
Phocaea edit
- Laodamas, c. 513 BC
Phocis edit
Pisa edit
Priene edit
- Hieron of Priene, 300-297 BC
Proconnesus edit
- Metrodorus, c. 513 BC
Rhegium edit
- Anaxilas, 494-476 BC
- Micythus, c. 476-467 BC (retired)
- Leophron, c. 467-461 BC (popular revolt)
- Dionysius the Younger, before 352 BC (expelled)
- Calippus, 352/351 BC (assassinated)
- Leptines II, after 351 BC
- Decius Vibellius, 280-270 BC (conquered)
Samos edit
- Demoteles, 7th century BC[15]
- Syloson, c. 538 BC
- Polycrates, c. 538-522 BC
- Maiandrius, c. 522 BC (reintroduced democracy)
- Charilaus, c. 522 BC
- Syloson, again c. 521 BC
- Aeaces, around 513 BC, reinstalled after 494 BC
- Theomestor, after 480 BC[16]
- Duris, c. 280 BC
Selinus edit
- Theron, 6th/5th century BC
- Pythagoras, 6th/5th century BC
- Euryleon of Sparta, 6th/5th century BC (killed)
Sicyon edit
- Orthagoras, from 676 BC
- Myron the Elder, fl. 648 BC , former Olympian winning in chariot race[17]
- Myron the Younger?
- Aristonymus,father of Cleisthenes
- Isodemus[18]
- Cleisthenes, 600-560 BC
- Aeschines, 560-556 BC removed by the Spartans
- Euphron, 368-366 BC (assassinated)
- Aristratus, fl. c. 340 BC
- Epichares (?), fl. c. 330 BC
- Cratesipolis, 314-308 BC (bribed)
- Cleon, c. 300-280 BC (assassinated)
- Euthydemus, c. 280-270 BC (expelled)
- Timocleidas, c. 280-270 BC (expelled)
- Abantidas, 264-252 BC (assassinated)
- Paseas, 252-251 BC (assassinated)
- Nicocles, 251 BC (expelled by Aratus of Sicyon)
Sigeum edit
- Hegesistratus, fl. 510 BC[19]
Sinope edit
- Timesilaus, before 433 BC[20]
- Scydrothemis, 301-280 BC
Sparta edit
- Machanidas, 210-207 BC (killed in action)
- Nabis, 207-192 BC (assassinated by allies)
- Chaeron, 180 BC
Sybaris edit
- Telys, c. 510 BC
Syracuse edit
- Gelon, 491-478 BC
- Hieron I, 478-466 BC
- Thrasybulus, 466-465 BC (expelled, democracy restored)
- Dionysius the Elder, 405-367 BC
- Dionysius II, the Younger, 367-357 BC
- Apollocrates, 357 BC
- Heracleides, 357 BC
- Dion, 357-354 BC
- Calippus, 354-352 BC
- Hipparinus, 352-351 BC
- Aretaeus, 352-350 BC
- Nysaeos, 350-346 BC
- Dionysius II, the Younger, (restored, 346-344 BC)
- Timoleon, 345-337 BC
- Agathocles, 320 BC (banished)
- Acestorides, 320-319 BC
- Agathocles, 317-289 BC
- Hicetas, 289-279 BC
- Thoenon, 279 BC ,See Siege of Syracuse (278 BC)
- Sosistratus, 279-277 BC[4]
- Hieron II, 275-215 BC
- Gelon II, c. 240-216 BC
- Hieronymus, 215-214 BC
- Adranodoros, 214-212 BC
- Hippocrates, 213-212 BC
- Epicydes, 213-212 BC
Tarentum edit
- Aristophylidas, c. 516-492 BC[21]
Tarsus edit
Tauromenium edit
- Andromachus, fl. 344 BC
- Tyndarion, fl. 278 BC
Thasos edit
Thebes edit
- Leontiades, 382-379 BC (killed)
- Archias, 382-379 BC (killed)
Zeleia edit
- Nicagoras, 334 BC (conquered by Alexander the Great)[24]
References edit
- ^ a b Herodotus, Histories,4.138
- ^ Aeneas Tacticus, 28.6–7,"Ἰφιάδης εἶναι Ἀβυδηνὸς κατὰ Ἑλλήσποντον καταλαμβάνων Πάριον ἄλλα τε περὶ τὴν ἀνάβασιν νυκτὸς ἐπὶ τοῦ τείχους λάθρᾳ παρεσκευάσατο207 καὶ ἁμάξας πληρώσας φρυγάνων καὶ βάτων παρέπεμψεν πρὸς τὸ τεῖχος, ἤδη τῶν πυλῶν κεκλεισμένων, ὡς τῶν Παριανῶν οὔσας τὰς ἁμάξας, αἵτινες208 ἐλθοῦσαι πρὸς τὰς πύλας ηὐλίζοντο, ὡς φοβούμεναι πολεμίους. 7 ἃς ἔδει ἐν καιρῷ τινι ὑφαφθῆναι, ἵνα αἱ πύλαι ἐμπρησθῶσι καὶ πρὸς τὸ σβεννύειν τῶν Παριανῶν ὁρμησάντων αὐτὸς κατὰ ἄλλον τόπον εἰσέλθῃ."
- ^ a b Heraclides Lembus, Excerpta Politiarum, 69."Ἀκραγαντίνων: […] μεθ’ ὃν Ἀλκαμένης παρέλαβε τὰ πράγματα, καὶ μετὰ τοῦτον Ἄλκανδρος προέστη, ἀνὴρ ἐπιεικής. καὶ εὐθένησαν οὕτως ὡς περιπόρφυρα ἔχειν ἱμάτια." (Constitution of the Acragantines. […] After him [i.e. Phalaris] Alcamenes seized the power, and after him, Alcander, a righteous man, governed. And they flourished to such an extent that they had himations fringed with purple”.) (DILTS 1971)
- ^ a b Diod.22.7.2,Polyaen.5.37.1
- ^ Aristotle, Constitution of Athens,17.4
- ^ Memnon of Heraclea,Chapter 9
- ^ Pausanias,2.21.8
- ^ Thucydides in Book II of his History of the Peloponnesian War
- ^ Hecataetus entry
- ^ Thucydides
- ^ Plutarch, Solon,14.4
- ^ Strabo,13.4
- ^ Aristophanes, Politica. v. 12. 1315 b 26; Nicolaus Damascenus, fr. 60, Fragmenta historicorum Graecorum iii. 393
- ^ Herodotus,Histories,4.138
- ^ Plutarch, Greek Questions 57
- ^ Herodotus 8.85,Herodotus,9.90
- ^ Pausanias,6.19.1
- ^ Frontinus’ “Strategemata”.
- ^ Herodotus,5.94
- ^ Plutarch,Pericles, 20
- ^ Herodotus,3.136.2
- ^ Deipnosophistae,book 5,215
- ^ Polyaenus: Stratagems,BOOK 2,1.27
- ^ Athenaeus, Deipnosophists, §7.288