Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic is an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme that attaches the amino acid tryptophan to its cognate tRNA. In humans, it is encoded by the WARS gene.[5][6][7]

WARS1
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesWARS1, Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic, GAMMA-2, IFI53, IFP53, tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, HMN9, tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 1, WARS
External IDsOMIM: 191050; MGI: 104630; HomoloGene: 3084; GeneCards: WARS1; OMA:WARS1 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_004184
NM_173701
NM_213645
NM_213646

NM_001164314
NM_001164488
NM_011710

RefSeq (protein)

NP_004175
NP_776049
NP_998810
NP_998811

NP_001157786
NP_001157960
NP_035840

Location (UCSC)Chr 14: 100.33 – 100.38 MbChr 12: 108.83 – 108.86 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Two forms of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase exist, a cytoplasmic form, named WARS, and a mitochondrial form, named WARS2. Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS) catalyzes the aminoacylation of tRNA(trp) with tryptophan and is induced by interferon. Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class I tRNA synthetase family. Four transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene.[7]

Phenylalanine Incorporation

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Although WARS1 classically aminoacylates tryptophan, during states tryptophan depeletion, this enzyme has been observed to activate both tryptophan and phenylalanine.[8]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000140105Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021266Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Buwitt U, Flohr T, Böttger EC (February 1992). "Molecular cloning and characterization of an interferon induced human cDNA with sequence homology to a mammalian peptide chain release factor". The EMBO Journal. 11 (2): 489–496. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05079.x. PMC 556479. PMID 1537332.
  6. ^ Fleckner J, Rasmussen HH, Justesen J (December 1991). "Human interferon gamma potently induces the synthesis of a 55-kDa protein (gamma 2) highly homologous to rabbit peptide chain release factor and bovine tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 88 (24): 11520–11524. Bibcode:1991PNAS...8811520F. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.24.11520. PMC 53167. PMID 1763065.
  7. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: WARS tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase".
  8. ^ Pataskar A, Champagne J, Nagel R, Kenski J, Laos M, Michaux J, et al. (March 2022). "Tryptophan depletion results in tryptophan-to-phenylalanine substitutants". Nature. 603 (7902): 721–727. Bibcode:2022Natur.603..721P. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04499-2. PMC 8942854. PMID 35264796.

Further reading

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