A tingible body macrophage (TBM) is a type of macrophage predominantly found in germinal centers of lymph nodes. They contain many phagocytized, apoptotic cells in various states of degradation, referred to as tingible bodies (tingible meaning stainable).[2] Tingible body macrophages contain condensed chromatin fragments.[3]
TBMs are licensed (empowered) for phagocytosis by follicular dendritic cells (FDCs).[4] FDCs provide TBMs with MFGE8 protein, which is a phosphatidylserine-binding "eat me" signal for removal of apoptotic germinal center B cells.[4]
It is thought that they may play a role in downregulating the germinal center reaction by the release of prostaglandins and hence a reduced B-cell induction of IL-2.[5]
Macrophages that contain debris from ingested lymphocytes are characteristic of a reactive follicular center in benign reactive lymphadenitis. Other accompanying signs of a benign follicular hyperplasia are well developed germinal centers with dark and light zones, in addition to numerous mitotic figures.
References
edit- ^ Image by Mikael Häggström, MD. Reference for findings: Ali Ismail, M.B.B.S., Ziyan T. Salih, M.D. "Chronic cervicitis". Pathology Outlines.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Last staff update: 15 December 2022 - ^ Horst Ibelgaufts' COPE: Cytokines & Cells Online Pathfinder Encyclopaedia > tingible body macrophages Retrieved on June 27, 2010
- ^ MacLennan I.C.M (1994). "Germinal Centers". Annual Review of Immunology. 12: 117–139. doi:10.1146/annurev.iy.12.040194.001001. PMID 8011279.
- ^ a b Aguzzi A, Kranich J, Krautler NJ (2014). "Follicular dendritic cells: origin, phenotype, and function in health and disease". Trends in Immunology. 35 (3): 105–113. doi:10.1016/j.it.2013.11.001. PMID 24315719.
- ^ Smith JP, Burton GF, Tew JG, Szakal AK (1998). "Tingible body macrophages in regulation of germinal center reactions". Developmental Immunology. 6 (3–4): 285–294. doi:10.1155/1998/38923. PMC 2276033. PMID 9814602.
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