The politics of Hainan Province in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China.

The Governor of Hainan is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Hainan. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the Hainan Chinese Communist Party Provincial Committee Secretary, colloquially termed the "Hainan CCP Party Chief".

List of the CCP Hainan committee secretaries

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  1. Xu Shijie (许士杰): 1988–1990
  2. Deng Hongxun (邓鸿勋): 1990–1993
  3. Ruan Chongwu: 1993–1998
  4. Du Qinglin: 1998–2001
  5. Bai Keming: 2001–2002
  6. Wang Qishan: 2002–2003
  7. Wang Xiaofeng: 2003–2006
  8. Wei Liucheng: 2006 – August 2011
  9. Luo Baoming: August 2011 – April 2017
  10. Liu Cigui: April 2017 – November 2020
  11. Shen Xiaoming: December 2020 – present

List of governors of Hainan

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  1. Liang Xiang: 1988–1989
  2. Liu Jianfeng (刘剑峰): 1989–1993
  3. Ruan Chongwu: 1993 – 1998
  4. Wang Xiaofeng: 1998 – 2003
  5. Wei Liucheng: 2003 – 2007
  6. Luo Baoming: 2007 – August 2011
  7. Jiang Dingzhi: August 2011 – January 2015
  8. Liu Cigui: January 2015 – April 2017
  9. Shen Xiaoming: April 2017 – December 2020
  10. Feng Fei: December 2020 – April 2023
  11. Liu Xiaoming: April 2023 – present

List of chairmen of Hainan People's Congress

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  1. Xu Shijie (许士杰): 1988–1992
  2. Deng Hongxun (邓鸿勋): 1992–1993
  3. Du Qinglin: 1993–2001
  4. Bai Keming: 2001–2002
  5. Wang Qishan: January 2003 – April 2003
  6. Wang Xiaofeng: February 2004 – December 2006
  7. Wei Liucheng: February 2007 – 2011
  8. Luo Baoming: August 2011 – April 2017
  9. Liu Cigui: April 2017 – November 2020
  10. Shen Xiaoming: December 2020 – present

List of chairmen of CPPCC Hainan Committee

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  1. Yao Wenxu (姚文绪): 1988–1996
  2. Chen Yuyi (陈玉益): 1996–2003
  3. Wang Guangxian (王广宪): 2003–2007
  4. Zhong Wen (钟文): 2007 – 2011
  5. Yu Xun (于迅): 2011 – 2018
  6. Mao Wanchun (毛万春): 2018-present

List of chairmen of the Hainan National Supervisory Commission

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  1. Lan Fo'an (蓝佛安): 2018-2021
  2. Chen Guomeng (陈国猛): 2021-present