Marine Isotope Stage 13

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Marine Isotope Stage 13 or MIS 13 is a Marine isotope stage in the geologic temperature record, in Britain covering the Cromerian interglacial period between ~524,000 and 474,000 years ago. It is split into three substages, MIS 13a MIS 13b, and MIS 13c. Some records indicate that MIS 13a was an unstable warm peak with a cold split in the middle at MIS 13.12 - separating warm MIS 13.11 and 13.13.[1] This interglacial follows the relatively warm glacial period associated with Marine Isotope Stage 14,[2] and is followed by the relatively cold glacial period associated with MIS 12.

5 million year history, representing the Lisiecki and Raymo (2005) LR04 Benthic Stack

Sites

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Britain

High Lodge, Suffolk

Waverley Wood, Warwickshire

Happisburgh 1, Norfolk

Boxgrove, West Sussex

Ecology

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Flora

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Early domination of birch, pine, and spruce. Mixed-oak forests follow (predominantly Alder, Oak, Hornbeam, and Hazel).

Fauna

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Mammals

Binomial Common name Direction
Erinaceus sp. Hedgehog ?
Sorex minutus Pygmy shrew ?
Sorex runtonensis † ?
Sorex savini † ?
Neomys sp. Water shrew ?
Talpa europaea Common mole ?
Talpa minor † Pygmy mole ?
Homo sp. Hominid ?
Lepus timidus Mountain hare ?
Oryctolagus cuniculus Common European rabbit ?
Plecotus auritus Long-eared bat ?
Myotis mystacinus Whiskered bat ?
Myotis bechsteini Bechstein's bat ?
Scuirus sp. Squirrel ?
Canis lupus Wolf ?
Ursus deningeri † Bear ?

[3]

References

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  1. ^ Bassinot, Frank C.; Labeyrie, Laurent D.; Vincent, Edith; Quidelleur, Xavier; Shackleton, Nicholas J.; Lancelot, Yves (August 1994). "The astronomical theory of climate and the age of the Brunhes-Matuyama magnetic reversal". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 126 (1–3): 91–108. Bibcode:1994E&PSL.126...91B. doi:10.1016/0012-821x(94)90244-5.
  2. ^ Hao, Qingzhen; Wang, Luo; Oldfield, Frank; Guo, Zhengtang (10 July 2015). "Extra-long interglacial in Northern Hemisphere during MISs 15-13 arising from limited extent of Arctic ice sheets in glacial MIS 14". Scientific Reports. 5: 12103. Bibcode:2015NatSR...512103H. doi:10.1038/srep12103. PMC 4498323. PMID 26159304.
  3. ^ Pettitt, Paul; White, Mark (2012). The British Palaeolithic. Routledge. p. 65. ISBN 978-0-415-67455-3.