The Berothidae are a family of winged insects of the order Neuroptera. They are known commonly as the beaded lacewings.[1] The family was first named by Anton Handlirsch in 1906.[2] The family consists of 24 genera and 110 living species distributed discontinuously worldwide, mostly in tropical and subtropical regions.[3] Numerous extinct species have also been described. Their ecology is poorly known, but in the species where larval stages have been documented, the larvae are predators of termites.[4]

Berothidae
Temporal range: Late Jurassic–Recent
Spermophorella sp.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Neuroptera
Clade: Euneuroptera
Superfamily: Mantispoidea
Family: Berothidae
Handlirsch, 1906
Subfamilies
  • See text

Systematics

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Typical posture in life

A considerable fossil diversity of beaded lacewings is known from the Late Jurassic onwards, containing numerous genera which are likewise basal or incertae sedis.

Subfamily Berothimerobiinae
Subfamily Berothinae
Subfamily Cyrenoberothinae[5]
Subfamily †Mesithoninae Panfilov, 1980
Subfamily Nosybinae
Subfamily Nyrminae
Subfamily Protobiellinae
Subfamily Trichomatinae
Subfamily Incertae sedis

Formerly included taxa

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Subfamily Paraberothinae (now included in Rhachiberothidae)

References

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  1. ^ Winterton, Shaun L. (2010). "A new species of Stenobiella Tillyard (Neuroptera, Berothidae) from Australia". ZooKeys (64): 1–8. doi:10.3897/zookeys.64.403. PMC 3088400. PMID 21594021.
  2. ^ a b Archibald, S.B.; Makarkin, V.N. (2004). "New genus of minute Berothidae (Neuroptera) from Early Eocene amber of British Columbia". The Canadian Entomologist. 136 (1): 61–76. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.552.2285. doi:10.4039/n03-043. S2CID 36459014.
  3. ^ Aspöck, Ulrike; Randolf, Susanne (2 December 2014). "Beaded lacewings – a pictorial identification key to the genera, their biogeographics and a phylogentic analysis (Insecta: Neuroptera: Berothidae)". Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. 61 (2): 155–172. doi:10.3897/dez.61.8850 – via Pensoft.
  4. ^ Engel, Michael S.; Winterton, Shaun L.; Breitkreuz, Laura C. V. (2018-01-07). "Phylogeny and Evolution of Neuropterida: Where Have Wings of Lace Taken Us?". Annual Review of Entomology. 63: 531–551. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043127. ISSN 1545-4487. PMID 29324039.
  5. ^ a b Machado, R. J. P.; Martins, C. C.; Aspöck, H.; De Miranda Tavares, L. G.; Aspöck, U. (2022). "The first cave associated genus of Berothidae (Insecta: Neuroptera), and a new interpretation of the subfamily Cyrenoberothinae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 195 (4): 1422–1444. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab104.
  6. ^ Huang, S.; Ren, D.; Wang, Y. (2019). "A new basal beaded lacewing (Neuroptera: Berothidae) from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber". Cretaceous Research. 95: 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.10.025.