The Convair XGAM-71 Buck Duck was an air-launched decoy missile that was developed by Convair in the early 1950s. It was intended to have the same radar signature as the Strategic Air Command's B-36 bomber, thereby allowing it to disrupt the enemy's air defenses and dilute their effort to shoot down an incoming bomber fleet.
| XGAM-71 Buck Duck | |
|---|---|
| |
| A XGAM-71 on the underwing of its mothership. | |
| Role | Decoy missile |
| Manufacturer | Convair |
| First flight | 14 February 1955 |
| Status | Cancelled January 1956 |
| Primary user | United States Air Force |
Convair built the first prototype using its own funds, but the company received an official development contract from the United States Air Force on 16 August 1954. The USAF's Materiel Command project designation for the program was MX-2224. When the Air Force decided to put the project into production, it received the designation GAM-71.[1]
As initially envisioned by the Air Force, one B-36 in the-then typical three-plane attack formation would be filled with up to seven GAM-71s apportioned within its three bomb bays. A mixture of Ducks and other weapons was also possible, although the Air Force did not specify that it intended to use mixed loads.
To fit in the bomb bay of a B-36, the GAM-71 was relatively small; its wings were folded when it was stowed in the bay. To mimic the radar cross-section of the B-36, it carried internal radar reflectors.
In February 1955, unpowered glide tests of XGAM-71 prototypes began using a modified B-29 Superfortress as the mothership. However, the program was delayed due to funding issues. Convair also had higher priorities. A total of seven flights were conducted before the program was cancelled in January 1956, an event that researcher Dennis Jenkins attributes to the B-36's anticipated phase-out by decade's end.[2]
Specifications edit
Data from Magnesium Overcast;[3] The Evolution of the Cruise Missile[4] Parsch 2007[5]
General characteristics
- Crew: None
- Length: 13 ft (4.0 m)
- Wingspan: 14 ft (4.3 m)
- Height: 4 ft 3 in (1.3 m)
- Gross weight: 1,550 lb (703 kg)
- Powerplant: 1 × Aerojet XLR-85-AJ-1 liquid fuel rocket, 90 lbf (0.40 kN) thrust
Performance
- Maximum speed: Mach 0.55
- Range: 230 mi (370 km, 200 nmi)
- Service ceiling: 40,000 ft (12,000 m)
See also edit
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
References edit
- ^ "Convair Development Department Annual Report 1953" (1954-05-27), page 7, and "Convair Development Department Fourth Annual Report" (1955-09-08), page 23.
Cited by Jenkins. Both may be found at the Aerospace Education Center, Little Rock, Arkansas. - ^ Werrell, Kenneth P. (September 1985). The Evolution of the Cruise Missile. Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: Air University Press. pp. 123–124.
- ^ Jenkins, Dennis R. (September 2002). Magnesium Overcast. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press. p. 142. ISBN 1-58007-042-6.
- ^ Armstrong, Ferrest E., "From New Technology Development to Operational Usefulness – B-36, B-58, F-111/FB/111", cited by Werrell;
- ^ Parsch, Andreas (2007). "Convair GAM-71 Buck Duck". Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles. Retrieved 20 May 2014.