Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Figure skating

WikiProject Figure Skating style advice applies to articles within the scope of WikiProject Figure Skating. It represents the consensus view of editors interested in maintaining Wikipedia's articles about figure skating. As the recommendations strike a balance between differing views, some may appear less than perfect. Nonetheless, please respect them, and feel free to discuss the style advice on this talk page.

Figure skating is a complicated sport, with intricate rules and a long history. As Wikipedia editors, it is our responsibility to make the sport accessible (as per WP:TECHNICAL and MOS:JARGON) even to the "uninitiated figure skating fan", i.e. those who only watch it every four years during the Winter Olympics. At the same time, we need to clearly describe the complexities of the sport, including its scoring system, elements, history, etc., without sacrificing comprehensiveness and good sources. Remember that we are not writing for skaters, coaches, choreographers, judges, officials, family members, or skating nerds, but for a general audience.

Many of the style requirements in Wikipedia's manual of style (MOS) apply to figure skating articles; the guidelines here are what needs to be emphasized. Wikipedia guidelines regarding biographies and biographies of living persons, for articles about individual figure skaters, must also be followed.

Article structure edit

Figure skating articles should follow the same guidelines for article structure as per MOS:LEAD and WP:SECTIONS. Some differences do exist for figure skating articles.

Sections edit

These are general guidelines that have generally developed throughout figure skating articles.

General articles (e.g. figure skating history, disciplines, segments)

  1. History/background
  2. Competition segments
  3. Competition elements/requirements
  4. Rules and regulations
  5. Other sections (as needed)

Elements (e.g. jumps, spins, etc.)

  1. History/background (firsts and records)
  2. Execution/technique
  3. Rules
  4. Other sections (as needed)

Skaters' biography pages

These articles must adhere to Wikipedia's policies about biographies and BLPs.

  1. Early life: This section often includes a narrative of how skaters got into the sport and information about their early competitions.
  2. Seasons: Figure skating bios and BLPs tend to be structured by a skater's career, with information about their training, the competitions they participated in, and their results/scores. They are in chronological order, from earliest to most recent. The titles of the sections tend be like this: 2018–2019 season, 2019–2020 season, etc. Note that figure skating seasons run from 1 July to 30 June of the following year.
  3. Skating style/ technique/ influence (if there is enough content in the sources)
  4. Post-skating career (if applicable)
  5. Philanthropic work (if warranted)
  6. Records and achievements: If notable and earned during their skating careers
    See also: formatting of record and achievement tables
  7. Awards: If notable, earned outside of their skating careers (in list format)
  8. Programs: Table including the titles and music of the skater's short programs and free skating programs, divided by season
    See also: formatting of program tables
  9. Competitive highlights/ Detailed results: Detailed table that includes the skater's scores and placements each season
    See also: formatting of competitive highlights and detailed result tables
  10. Other sections (as needed)

Style guidelines edit

Note: Much of the content in this section has been inspired by the "2016 Style Guide", published by U.S. Figure Skating for its writers and publicists.[1] When its policies are not applicable to Wikipedia articles or when they either contradict or are already covered by Wikipedia's MOS, they are not included here.

General figure skating terms edit

  • Abbreviations and acronyms: Use abbreviations sparingly and if there can be any doubt, spell it out at the first use. Remember that the uninitiated fan will not readily understand the ISU's abbreviations of elements and such.
  • Backward/ forward: Not "backwards" and "forwards", as in "There are four types of entry edges for twizzles: the forward inside, the forward outside, the backward inside, and the backward outside".[2]
  • Capitalization of elements: There seems to be a wide variation in the capitalization uses in what is written about figure skating. For example, the ISU capitalizes every element, while U.S. Figure Skating capitalizes elements named after people (e.g. the Axel or Axel Paulsen jump, the Lutz jump, the Salchow jump, the Biellmann spin). Wikipedia has adopted the convention of U.S. Figure Skating and capitalizes elements named for people. This is the consensus for now, but further discussion on the matter is welcome.
  • Ladies vs women: In 2021, "in accord with the recommendation of the IOC Gender Equality Review Project that there be a fair and balanced portrayal (i.e. how women and men are presented and described) in all forms of communication and official documents, including rules and regulations",[3] the term "ladies" was changed to "women" throughout all special regulations and technical rules of figure skating and all ISU sports. It is the policy of the Figure Skating Wikiproject that when other figure skating federations still use the term "ladies" and when a pre-2021 ISU source is used, female skaters are referred to as "women" in all Wikipedia articles about figure skating, unless a direct quote from those sources is used in the article.
  • Championship titles: U.S. Figure Skating does not use the word "senior" when referring to a championship-level champion, but the words "junior", "novice", "intermediate", and "juvenile" are used to clarify other levels; Wikipedia follows this practice. Do not capitalize the word "champion" when used before a skater's name; for example, "Olympic champion Yuzuru Hanyu".
  • Coach, commentator/ announcer, choreographer, skater, teammate: Do not capitalize these words (e.g. coach Brian Orser), because they are job descriptions, not titles.
  • Ice dance: The discipline is ice dance, not ice dancing. Do not capitalize either word, except when "Ice" begins a sentence. The following are all correct: dance, short dance, free dance, dances. Capitalize the names of dances if they are specific names (i.e., Westminster Waltz, Quickstep); use the lower case if they are generic references and not a specific name of a dance (e.g. waltz, blues, march).
  • Death spiral: Do not capitalize (death spiral, not Death Spiral.)
  • Free skate: Free skate is two words, lowercased. Do not use the previous name "long program", and do not abbreviate as FS, except in tables. U.S. Figure Skating does not call it the "free skating program", although the ISU does; it is up to the discretion of the editor what they prefer using. Never use the word "freestyle".
  • Gold, silver, bronze, pewter: Do not capitalize these words when referring to a medal, even when referring to a specific medalist (e.g. "gold medalist Alysa Liu").
  • International Skating Union: This is the official name of the organization. Spell out its name the first time it is referred to in both the article's lead and in the body followed by the abbreviation in parentheses, then "ISU" (no periods) for all subsequent uses is acceptable.
  • ISU Judging System: Spell out the first time it is used in the article's lead and in the body followed by the abbreviation in parentheses, then "IJS" for all subsequent uses. "International Judging System" is incorrect.
  • Senior, junior, novice, intermediate, juvenile: All lowercase. For example: "Alina Zagitova moved up to the senior level that season" or "As juniors, Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir won the gold medal."
  • Level: Capitalize "Level" when referring to levels of difficulty in the IJS and use numerals for the numbers associated with them (i.e., Level 1, Level 2, etc.) Do not hyphenate the level of difficulty if it modifies a specific element (i.e., "a Level 4 spin").
  • Pair(s): The use of pair vs pairs vary; the ISU uses "pair" when it refers to a single team of pair skaters and "pairs" when referring to more than one team. U.S. Figure Skating always uses "pairs" as plural (e.g. "She is a pairs skater"). Wikipedia follows the ISU's convention. List the woman's name first, then followed by the man's, when referring to pair teams (as well as for ice dancers), and use the word "and" between the names (e.g. "Aljona Savchenko and Bruno Massot").

Competitions edit

  • European Figure Skating Championships: U.S. Figure Skating recommends using "20XX ISU European Figure Skating Championships" for the first mention, then "European Championships" every subsequent use. It accepts "Europeans", but it is not preferred, and the word "Euros" is not used. For our purposes, we should follow its recommendations.
  • Four Continents Figure Skating Championships: U.S. Figure Skating recommends using "20XX ISU Four Continents Figure Skating Championships" the first mention, "Four Continents Championships" for the second mention, then "Four Continents" for the third and subsequent mentions. Following its recommendations is up to the discretion of the editor, but they may be too wordy for encyclopedic articles.
  • ISU Grand Prix Series/ Final: Using the full titles (ISU Junior Grand Prix Series, ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final) is appropriate in articles about the specific events, but unnecessary in other types of articles; for example, "Yu-Na Kim won the Grand Prix Final".
  • National championships: Do not use the word "national" or "nationals" the first time national championships are mentioned; for example, "2010 Russian Championships" or "2011 Canadian Championships" is correct. It is appropriate to use "national" or "nationals" in subsequent uses, such as "the Russian Nationals" or "the Canadian Nationals". U.S. Figure Skating would prefer that we not refer to the U.S. Championships as "Nationals", even though it commonly referred to in that way, because it is not the official name of the event. It is up to the discretion of individual editors, but we should use "U.S. Figure Skating Championships" the first mention, then "U.S. Championships" or "Nationals" in subsequent uses.
  • Olympic Winter Games: The International Olympic Committee (IOC) refers to this event as "The Olympic Winter Games";[4] we recommended using it the first it is mentioned, "Winter Olympics" (preferred) or the "Winter Games" on second, and then the "Olympics" for subsequent uses. It must be clear, though, if you are discussing the Olympic Games in general or if you are referring specifically to the Winter Olympics. The official name for a specific event uses Roman numerals for the edition and "Olympic Winter Games" (e.g. the "XXIII Olympic Winter Games"), but our practice for figure skating articles is to place the year the Games take place first, as in the "2018 Winter Olympics," the first time it is mentioned or, shorten it to the "2018 Olympics".
    Note: for linking Olympic figure skating events use either the main event page like Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics or the page to the specific discipline like Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's singles. If you want to refer to figure skating at the Olympics in general, use Figure skating at the Olympic Games.
  • Regionals/ sectionals: In the U.S., these words should be lowercase, unless it is part of the event's title; e.g. "Southwest Pacific Regional Figure Skating Championships" and "Midwestern Sectional Figure Skating Championships".
  • World Figure Skating Championships: U.S. Figure Skating recommends using "ISU World Figure Skating Championships" on the first mention, then "World Championships" or "Worlds" (which it considers acceptable but not preferred). In Wikipedia, we do not follow its recommendations because "ISU World Figure Skating Championships" is too wordy. Instead, we use "World Championships" the first use, and "Worlds" afterwards, with the appropriate link.

Program titles edit

The naming of figure skating programs follows the general conventions for music titles as per WP:NCMUSIC and MOS:MUSIC. Here is a quick overview:

  • Musical forms and generic titles of classical music pieces such as untitled medleys are unadorned (not italicized).
    Examples: Piano Sonata No. 14, Ballade No. 1, Sixth Symphony, Elvis Presley medley
  • True titles of classical pieces such as ballets, operas, musicals, soundtracks and titled medleys are highlighted in italic.
    Examples: Moonlight Sonata, Swan Lake, Carmen, Phantom of the Opera, Moulin Rouge!, Hope and Legacy
  • Song titles are put in quotation marks.
    Examples: "Malagueña", "El Tango de Roxanne", "Bohemian Rhapsody"

Tables edit

General guidelines edit

Tables in figure skating articles and lists follow the general Wikipedia manual of style as per MOS:TABLE. That includes:

  • Legend (placed above the table in list form with asterisks): Explanations for header titles (especially figure skating-related abbreviations), the selection of data and annotations (e.g. "Table only lists scores achieved before the 2018–19 season")
  • Caption: Summary of the data in the table and sorting key (e.g. "Total number of medals in men's singles by nation")
  • Accessibility: Make sure that the table is accessible for screenreaders and other devices for people with disabilities as per WP:ACCESSIBILITY. That means:
    • Define row and column headers with intelligible header titles and use scope-parameters!
    • Avoid multi-column headers in the middle of tables (e.g. season-headers in "Detailed results" tables): split tables in multiple smaller tables and group them in a div-block (see example below).
    • Use colors only for visual support, not to add information (e.g. in medal tables or in detailed results) and use them sparely!
  • Sorting: This is a very powerful tool and should be fully utilized whenever useful as per WP:SORT. This goes especially for record, result and medal tables such as highest scores lists.
    • Make sure to avoid multiple entries within a cell, which causes serious problems with the sorting tool (like placement and score in the detailed results or medal count with different partners). Use different columns/rows or add a footnote instead.
    • Here is an overview of the most common sorting keys in figure skating:
Sorting by date, season or period
  • All chronological tables must be sorted from oldest date at the top to latest date at the bottom of the table (not reverted!)
  • For dates use the style "Month DD, YYYY" (e.g. February 21, 2018). If the dates are used as row-headers, add "data-sort-type=date" in the header of the date column.
  • For seasons use the link style "[[XXXX–YY figure skating season|XXXX–YY season]]". If "XXXX–YY season" is too wide, use the short form "XX–YY". Do NOT use variations with a slash like "XX/YY".
  • For periods of a specific achievement use the style "XXXX–YYYY". Split only in two separate columns like "From"/ "To", if there are significant changes in the sorting, otherwise it's not necessary and just blows up the table in width.
Sorting by skater
  • To sort skaters by family name, use the template {{sortname|first|last}}.
    Example: {{sortname|Gabriella|Papadakis}} displays as Gabriella Papadakis and sorts by Papadakis.
  • If the Wikipedia page name of the skater has additions in brackets like "(figure skater)", use {{sortname|first|last|dab=figure skater}}. For more complex cases, see Template:Sortname.
    Example: {{sortname|Javier|Fernández|dab=figure skater}} displays as Javier Fernández and sorts by Fernández.
  • For skaters from countries, where the family name is listed first (like China), you can use the usual internal link like [[Sui Wenjing]], which sorts by the family name Sui.
  • In sorting tables split the pairs or ice dance couples and place them in separate columns ("female partner" and "male partner").
Sorting by country, city or event
  • For coutries use the template with the country's abbreviation like {{AUS}} for Australia, which displays as   Australia, or the short form {{flag|AUS}}, which displays as   AUS.
  • For cities or events use either the link to the city/ event only or more advanced in combination with the country flag:
    |data-sort-value=Saitama| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Saitama (city)|Saitama]], which displays as   Saitama and sorts by the city (analog for events).
  • Size:
    • Horizonal: Columns often get annoyingly wide if the title of the header is a longer word like "References" or "Short program". In this case you can use abbreviations like SP and put the full term with a link in the legend. For header titles like "References" that don't need further explanations you can use the abbreviation template {{abbr|Ref.|References}}, which displays as Ref. and shows the full word via mouseover.
    • Vertical: If the table gets too large, consider a split into smaller tables (e.g. separation in senior and junior/ novice programs).
  • Sourcing: All data in a table must be sourced, except basic mathematical calculations and operations like total number of medals, participations or age etc.
    For calculating the exact age of a skater of the form "Y years, M months and D days", you can use this age-calculator.
    • Global sources for the entire table are generally preferred over sources for single rows or cells and are placed after the table caption.
    • If a table needs multiple global sources of the same type, you can group them to one reference like [5] (as shown in the example below).
    • Local sources for rows or cell entries can be either reference links or direct weblinks (like competition result pages of the ISU). The latter is particularly suitable for "Detailed results" tables to avoid a blow-up of the article's reference section.

Skater bio: Records and achievements edit

Please use the following templates for world record lists:

World record list  
{{smalldiv|
*SP – [[Short program (figure skating)|Short program]]
*FS – [[Free skating]]
*Incumbent [[List of highest scores in figure skating#Record holders|world records]] highlighted in '''''bold and italic'''''
}}
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Chronological list of world records by competition segment<ref name="sample"/>
!scope=col|No.
!scope=col|Date
!scope=col|Score
!scope=col|{{abbr|Seg.|Segment}}
!scope=col|Event
!scope=col|Place
|-
!scope=row|1
| || || ||{{flagicon|}}
|-
!scope=row| 2
| || || ||{{flagicon|}}
|}

Example 1: from Yuzuru Hanyu § World record scores

  • SP – Short program
  • FS – Free skating
  • The table only lists Hanyu's world records under the current +5/-5 GOE judging system.
Chronological list of world records by competition segment[5]
No. Date Score Seg. Event Place
1 Nov 3, 2018 106.69 SP 2018 Grand Prix of Helsinki   Helsinki
2 Nov 4, 2018 190.43 FS
3 Nov 4, 2018 297.12 Total
4 Nov 16, 2018 110.53 SP 2018 Rostelecom Cup   Moscow
5 Mar 23, 2019 206.10 FS 2019 World Championships   Saitama
6 Mar 23, 2019 300.97 Total
7 Feb 7, 2020 111.82 SP 2020 Four Continents Championships   Seoul

Example 2: see Career achievements of Yuzuru Hanyu § Other notable achievements (not displayed here)

A similar table format should be used for lists of highest scores.

Skater bio: Programs edit

Please use the following templates for program lists: {{Figure skating program list}} and {{FS program}}

The following additional information if known and sourced, should be added to the list:

  • The program title (as submitted by the skater)
  • The composer(s) and/ or performer(s) of the used music tracks
  • The choreographer(s) of the program
  • All music tracks that are used in the program cut

Sourcing: For competition programs, add a reference in the season column with |refx=, using the skater's ISU bios. For past seasons, try the Wayback Machine. In case of gala or ice show programs, use reliable secondary sources like online newspaper articles or the official page of the show (some have the planned programs listed), and place the reference directly after the program title.

Formatting: With the templates above, you no longer have to bother with formatting. However, a set of general rules should be followed: The program title should be of normal font size, all other information added as a bulleted list in small font size using the {{smalldiv}} template. The track list should be collapsed with the {{show}} template to keep the table at reasonable size. It is enough to include the detailed results once for the program debut. For all reuses, list the program title only (see example table below). For better structure of the table, Olympic seasons and programs can be highlighted as demonstrated in the example below.

Do NOT use the horizontal rule (----) to separate programs within a cell, as it confuses screenreaders and limits the accessibility of the table. Work with the rowspan-parameter instead.

Example 1: fictive table generated for demo only

  • ^show Program only performed in an ice show in that season
  • Program details mentioned at first occurrence
  • Olympic seasons highlighted in blue
  • Programs performed at the Winter Olympics highlighted in bold
Competition and exhibition programs by season [6]
Season Short program Free skate program Exhibition program
2020–21
Tracks used
  1. "El Tango de Roxanne" (performed by Ewan McGregor, José Feliciano, Jacek Koman)
  2. "Come What May" (performed by Nicole Kidman and Ewan McGregor)
2021–22
 
Piano Concerto No. 5
Moulin Rouge!

Example 2: see Programs and publications of Yuzuru Hanyu § Figure skating programs (not displayed here)

Skater bio: Competitive highlights edit

Please use the following templates for the competitive highlights: {{Figure skating competitive highlights}} and {{FS placements}}

  • It is recommended to split the competitive highlights into separate tables either by level or seasons. This keeps the tables at reasonable size, both in horizontal and vertical direction. It also reduces the number empty cells to a minimum.
  • For competition names, follow the recommendations in the style guidelines above.
  • The template above allows the addition of 15 seasons and 25 events per table. If the number of events exceeds 25 rows, you can either further split by seasons or remove events where the skater has only competed once. Those results can be listed separately below the table.
  • Do NOT use multicolumn-headers to structure the table by competition type, which confuses screenreaders and limits the accessibility of the table.
  • Do NOT add inline citations randomly inside table cells! This messes up the formatting of the templates. Use the |ref= parameter to add bundled sources for a statistics table.

Example: fictive table generated for demo only

Competition placements at senior level 
Season 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2019–20 2020–21
Winter Olympics 6th
Winter Olympics team 5th
World Championships 10th 7th C 1st
Four Continents 6th WD 2nd C
GP Final 1st C
GP Rostelecom Cup 5th 3rd 1st WD TBD
CS Autumn Classic[note 1] 3rd 4th 2nd
U.S. Championships 4th 1st 1st 1st
World Team Trophy team 5th
(3rd)
3rd
(1st)

Notes

  1. ^ The 2015 Autumn Classic International was not part of the Challenger Series that season.

Skater bio: Detailed results edit

Please use the following templates for personal bests and detailed result lists: {{Figure skating personal bests}} and {{Figure skating detailed results}}

Do NOT add inline citations randomly inside table cells! This messes up the formatting of the templates. Use the |ref= parameter to add bundled sources for a statistics table.

Example 1: from the Career achievements by Yuzuru Hanyu § Detailed results

ISU personal best scores in the +5/-5 GOE system [7]
Segment Type Score Event
Total TSS 322.59 2019 Skate Canada
Short program TSS 111.82 2020 Four Continents
TES 63.42 2020 Four Continents
PCS 48.47 2019 Skate Canada
Free skating TSS 212.99 2019 Skate Canada
TES 116.59 2019 Skate Canada
PCS 96.40 2019 Skate Canada
ISU personal best scores in the +3/-3 GOE system [7]
Segment Type Score Event
Total TSS 330.43 2015–16 Grand Prix Final
Short program TSS 112.72 2017 CS Autumn Classic
TES 64.17 2017 CS Autumn Classic
PCS 49.14 2015–16 Grand Prix Final
Free skating TSS 223.20 2017 World Championships
TES 126.12 2017 World Championships
PCS 98.56 2015–16 Grand Prix Final

Example 2: from the Career achievements by Yuzuru Hanyu § Detailed results (shortened list for demo only)

  • ^team – Team event
  • World records highlighted in bold and italic[5]
  • Small medals for the short program and free skating are only awarded at ISU Championships.
  • Medals at team events are awarded for the team result only. The individual placement at the ISU World Team Trophy is listed in brackets.
Results in the 2018–19 season[8]
Date Event SP FS Total Details
P Score P Score P Score
Sep 20–22, 2018   2018 CS Autumn Classic International 1 97.74 2 165.91 1 263.65 Details
Nov 2–4, 2018   2018 Grand Prix of Helsinki 1 106.69 1 190.43 1 297.12 Details
Nov 16–18, 2018   2018 Rostelecom Cup 1 110.53 1 167.89 1 278.42 Details
Mar 18–24, 2019   2019 World Championships 3 94.87 2 206.10 2 300.97 Details
Results in the 2019–20 season[8]
Date Event SP FS Total Details
P Score P Score P Score
Sep 12–14, 2019   2019 CS Autumn Classic International 1 98.38 1 180.67 1 279.05 Details
Oct 25–27, 2019   2019 Skate Canada International 1 109.60 1 212.99 1 322.59 Details
Nov 22–24, 2019   2019 NHK Trophy 1 109.34 1 195.71 1 305.05 Details
Dec 5–8, 2019   2019–20 Grand Prix Final 2 97.43 2 194.00 2 291.43 Details
Dec 18–22, 2019   2019–20 Japan Championships 1 110.72 3 172.05 2 282.77 Details
Feb 4–9, 2020   2020 Four Continents Championships 1 111.82 1 187.60 1 299.42 Details

Competition: Cumulative medal count edit

For the cumulative medal count by nation please use the Wikipedia template Medals table.

Please use the following templates for top 10 lists of most won (gold) medals by individual skater or pair/ ice dance team:

Template for men's and women's singles
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Top 10 ranking of [ discipline ] by most won (gold) medals at the [ event ]
!scope=col style="width:1em"| No.
!scope=col style="width:9em"| Skater
!scope=col| Country
!scope=col style="width:5em"| Period
!scope=col style="width:1em; background-color:gold" | [[File:Gold medal icon (G initial).svg|20px|link=|Gold medal – first place]]
!scope=col style="width:1em;background-color:silver" | [[File:Silver medal icon (S initial).svg|20px|link=|Silver medal – second place]]
!scope=col style="width:1em;background-color:#CC9966" | [[File:Bronze medal icon (B initial).svg|20px|link=|Bronze medal – third place]]
!scope=col style="width:1em"|Total
|-
!scope=row| 1
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
|-
!scope=row| 2
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
|-
!scope=row| 3
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
|-
!scope=row| 4
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
|-
!scope=row| 5
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
|-
!scope=row| 6
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
|-
!scope=row| 7
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
|-
!scope=row| 8
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
|-
!scope=row| 9
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
|-
!scope=row| 10
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
Template for pairs and ice dance
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Top 10 ranking of [ discipline ] by most won (gold) medals at the [ event ]
!scope=col style="width:1em"| No.
!scope=col style="width:9em"| Female partner
!scope=col| Male partner
!scope=col| Country
!scope=col style="width:5em"| Period
!scope=col style="width:1em; background-color:gold" | [[File:Gold medal icon (G initial).svg|20px|link=|Gold medal – first place]]
!scope=col style="width:1em;background-color:silver" | [[File:Silver medal icon (S initial).svg|20px|link=|Silver medal – second place]]
!scope=col style="width:1em;background-color:#CC9966" | [[File:Bronze medal icon (B initial).svg|20px|link=|Bronze medal – third place]]
!scope=col style="width:1em"|Total
|-
!scope=row| 1
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
|-
!scope=row| 2
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
|-
!scope=row| 3
| align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{Sortname|first|last}} || align="left" | {{XXX}} || XXXX–YYYY || bgcolor="#F7F6A8" |  || bgcolor="#DCE5E5" |  || bgcolor="#FFDAB9" |  || 
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Example 1: For top 10 rankings of single skaters see the World Championships cumulative medal count § Most gold medals by skater (not displayed here)

Example 2: from the World Championships cumulative medal count § Most medals by pair

  • Total number of medals highlighted in bold
  • Only pair results are included in the list. Individual results in case of partner changes are marked with a note or listed separately below the table.
  • The table only shows the period from the first to the last won medal, not all participations at the World Championships.
  • If the total number of medals is identical, the gold, silver and bronze medals are used as tie-breakers (in that order). If all numbers are the same, the pairs get the same placement and are sorted by the period of the achievement (from first to last).
  • If a skater or team has competed for multiple countries, the latest country is used for sorting. The others are listed in brackets.
Top 10 ranking of pairs by most won medals at the World Championships
No. Female partner Male partner Country Period       Total
1 Aljona Savchenko[a] Robin Szolkowy   Germany 2007–2014 5 2 1 8
2 Ludmila Belousova Oleg Protopopov   Soviet Union 1962–1969 4 3 1 8
3 Ludowika Jakobsson (Eilers)[b] Walter Jakobsson   Finland
(  Germany)
1910–1923 3 4 7
4 Shen Xue Zhao Hongbo   China 1999–2007 3 3 1 7
5 Irina Rodnina[c] Alexander Zaitsev   Soviet Union 1973–1978 6 6
6 Elena Valova Oleg Vasiliev   Soviet Union 1983–1988 3 3 6
7 Pang Qing Tong Jian   China 2004–2015 2 1 3 6
8 Andrée Brunet (Joly) Pierre Brunet   France 1925–1932 4 1 5
Emília Rotter László Szollás   Hungary 1931–1935 4 1 5
Ekaterina Gordeeva Sergei Grinkov   Soviet Union 1986–1990 4 1 5
  • Ludwig Wrede has won a total of six medals in the pairs event: two gold and a bronze medal with Herma Szabo (1925–1927) and another two silvers and a bronze with Melitta Brunner (1928–1930).

Notes:

  1. ^ Aljona Savchenko has won another gold, silver and bronze with Bruno Massot (2016–2018), earning her six gold and eleven medals in total.
  2. ^ Ludowika Eilers competed for the German Empire until 1910. In 1911 she married her partner Walter Jakobsson and competed with him for Finland until 1923.
  3. ^ Irina Rodnina has won another four golds with her first partner Alexei Ulanov (1969–1972), earning her a total of ten medals (all gold).

Sources edit

For the interest of broadness and comprehensiveness in figure skating articles, there are times when it is necessary to follow the ignore all rules policy. For example, articles that discuss the rules of figure skating must often be self-published by the International Skating Union (ISU) or other organizations that oversee the sport. Some of the best reporting on the sport is done in-house, by the ISU and other organizations.

Resources

Wayback Machine

In some cases, old page versions from previous seasons (like skaters' bios) are archived with the Wayback Machine. Just enter the URL-address of the current page and search its archive history by years. Here is an example link to all screenshots of Javier Fernández' ISU bios page that were archived in 2017.

Please help archiving skating-related web pages yourself as well if they have not been saved with the Wayback Machine yet, so that they are available as sources in the future. It is suggested that editors check that all sources used in figure skating articles and bios have been archived and then place the following template on their talk pages:

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ "U.S. Figure Skating 2016 Style Guide" (PDF). U.S. Figure Skating. Retrieved 13 August 2020.
  2. ^ ""Special Regulations & Technical Rules Single & Pair Skating and Ice Dance 2018"". International Skating Union. June 2018. p. 127. Retrieved 13 August 2020.
  3. ^ "Results of Proposals in replacement of the 58th Ordinary ISU Congress 2021" (Press release). Lausanne, Switzerland: International Skating Union. June 30, 2021. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
  4. ^ "Olympic Winter Games" (PDF). International Olympic Committee. June 5, 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 18, 2021.
  5. ^ a b c d ISU progression of men's highest scores. Lausanne: International Skating Union (April 16, 2022). Statistics by competition segment:
  6. ^ Header ref goes here
  7. ^ a b "Personal Bests – Yuzuru Hanyu (JPN)". International Skating Union. Lausanne. May 12, 2022. Archived from the original on July 11, 2022.
  8. ^ a b "Skating Scores – Yuzuru Hanyu (JPN)". Skating Scores. United States. Archived from the original on June 21, 2022.