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The Wayaobu Manifesto (Chinese: 瓦窑堡宣言) was issued in December 1935, by Mao Zedong in Wayaobu,[1] northern Shaanxi. It deliberated on policies and strategies to confront the Japanese invasion of China (see Second Sino-Japanese War).
Mao Zedong called for a national united front with the Kuomintang to resist the Japanese. This appeal struck a responsive chord among Chinese. This decision of the Chinese Communist Party differed sharply with Chiang Kai-shek's policy of first defeating the Communists before challenging Japan directly (安内攘外).
On December 9, 1935, students and other citizens (dubbed the “December Niners”) held a demonstration on the Tiananmen Square in Beijing (renamed as Beiping then) to protest Chiang Kai-shek's continued “nonresistance” against the Japanese. City police used violence to suppress the students, turning the fire hoses on them, in the near-freezing weather. However, this demonstration became a potent symbol of anti-Japanese resistance and led to patriotic groups sprouting around the country.
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References edit
- ^ "The Wayaobu Conference". english.scio.gov.cn. State Council Information Office. 2018-03-16. Archived from the original on 2021-10-02. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
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