Visa requirements for Turkish citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Turkey.
There are four types of Turkish passports: Ordinary Passport, Special Passport, Service Passport and Diplomatic Passport.
Visa requirements map
editAs of 2024, Turkish citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 118 countries and territories, ranking the Turkish passport 52nd in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]
Turkey is the only EU candidate country whose citizens are still required visas for their travels to the European Union member countries. Turkish passport along with Russian passport are the highest ranking passports whose holders are still required visas for their travels to the European Union, the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada.
Visa requirements
editCountry | Visa requirement | Allowed stay | Notes (excluding departure fees) |
---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | Visa required[2] | ||
Albania | Visa not required[3] | 90 days | |
Algeria | Visa required[4] | ||
Andorra | Visa required[5] | 90 days |
|
Angola | Visa not required[6] | 30 days |
|
Antigua and Barbuda | Visa not required[8] | 180 days | |
Argentina | Visa not required[9] | 90 days | |
Armenia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[10][11] | 120 days | |
Australia | Visa required[12][13] |
| |
Austria | Visa required[14] |
| |
Azerbaijan | Visa not required[16] | 90 days | |
Bahamas | Visa not required[18] | 8 months | |
Bahrain | eVisa / Visa on arrival[19] | 14 days | |
Bangladesh | Visa on arrival[20] | 30 days | |
Barbados | Visa not required[21] | 6 months | |
Belarus | Visa not required[22] | 30 days | |
Belgium | Visa required[23] |
| |
Belize | Visa not required[25] | 90 days | |
Benin | eVisa[26][27] | 30 days |
|
Bhutan | eVisa[28][29] | ||
Bolivia | Visa not required[30] | 90 days | |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Visa not required[31] | 90 days |
|
Botswana | Visa not required[32] | 90 days | |
Brazil | Visa not required[33] | 90 days | |
Brunei | Visa not required[34] | 30 days | |
Bulgaria | Visa required[35] |
| |
Burkina Faso | eVisa required[36][37] | ||
Burundi | Visa on arrival[38] | 1 month | |
Cambodia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[39][40] | 30 days | |
Cameroon | eVisa[41][42] | ||
Canada | Visa required[43] | ||
Cape Verde | Visa on arrival[44] | ||
Central African Republic | Visa required[45] | ||
Chad | Visa required[46] | ||
Chile | Visa not required[47] | 90 days | |
China | Visa required[48] |
| |
Colombia | Visa not required[52] | 90 days |
|
Comoros | Visa on arrival[53] | 45 days | |
Republic of the Congo | Visa required[54] | ||
Democratic Republic of the Congo | eVisa[55][56] | 7 days | |
Costa Rica | Visa not required[57] | 90 days | |
Côte d'Ivoire | eVisa[58][59] | 3 months |
|
Croatia | Visa required[60] |
| |
Cuba | eVisa[61] | 90 days |
|
Cyprus | Visa required[62] |
| |
Czech Republic | Visa required[63] |
| |
Denmark | Visa required[64] |
| |
Djibouti | eVisa[65][66] | 90 days | |
Dominica | Visa not required[67] | 21 days | |
Dominican Republic | Visa not required[68] | 90 days | |
Ecuador | Visa not required[69] | 90 days | |
Egypt | Visa on arrival[70][71] | ||
El Salvador | Visa not required[74] | 3 months | |
Equatorial Guinea | Visa not required[75] | 90 days | |
Eritrea | Visa required[76] | ||
Estonia | Visa required[77] |
| |
Eswatini | Visa not required[78] | 30 days | |
Ethiopia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[79][80] | up to 90 days |
|
Fiji | Visa not required[81] | 4 months | |
Finland | Visa required[82] |
| |
France | Visa required[83] |
| |
Gabon | eVisa[84][85] | 90 days |
|
Gambia | Visa required[86] | ||
Georgia | Visa not required[87] | 360 days[88] | |
Germany | Visa required[90] |
| |
Ghana | Visa required[91] | ||
Greece | Visa required[92] | ||
Grenada | Visa required[95] | ||
Guatemala | Visa not required[96] | 90 days | |
Guinea | eVisa[97][98] | 90 days | |
Guinea-Bissau | Visa on arrival[99] | 90 days | |
Guyana | Visa required[100] | ||
Haiti | Visa not required[101] | 90 days | |
Honduras | Visa not required[102] | 3 months | |
Hungary | Visa required[103] | ||
Iceland | Visa required[104] |
| |
India | Visa required[105] |
| |
Indonesia | e-VOA / Visa on arrival[106] | 30 days[107] | |
Iran | Visa not required[108] | 3 months | |
Iraq | eVisa[109] |
| |
Ireland | Visa required[113] | ||
Israel | Visa required[117] |
| |
Italy | Visa required[119] |
| |
Jamaica | Visa not required[120] | 90 days | |
Japan | Visa not required[121] | 90 days | |
Jordan | Visa not required[122] | 3 months | |
Kazakhstan | Visa not required[123] | 30 days | |
Kenya | Electronic Travel Authorisation[124][125] | 90 days |
|
Kiribati | Visa required[126] | ||
North Korea | Visa required[127] | ||
South Korea | Electronic Travel Authorization[128][129] | 90 days |
|
Kuwait | eVisa / Visa on arrival[131][132] | 3 months | |
Kyrgyzstan | Visa not required[133][134][135] | 90 days | |
Laos | eVisa / Visa on arrival[136][137] | 30 days | |
Latvia | Visa required[138] |
| |
Lebanon | Visa not required[139] | 1 months |
|
Lesotho | eVisa[140][141] | ||
Liberia | Visa required[142] | ||
Libya | eVisa[143][144] |
| |
Liechtenstein | Visa required[145] | ||
Lithuania | Visa required[146] |
| |
Luxembourg | Visa required[147] |
| |
Madagascar | Visa on arrival[148] | 60 days | |
Malawi | eVisa[149][150] | 90 days | |
Malaysia | Visa not required[151] | 3 months | |
Maldives | Free visa on arrival[152] | 30 days | |
Mali | Visa required[153] | ||
Malta | Visa required[154] |
| |
Marshall Islands | Visa on arrival[155] | 90 days | |
Mauritania | Visa on arrival[156] |
| |
Mauritius | Visa not required[157] | 90 days | |
Mexico | Electronic Authorization System[158][159] | 180 days |
|
Micronesia | Visa not required[160] | 30 days | |
Moldova | Visa not required[161] | 90 days | |
Monaco | Visa required[163] | ||
Mongolia | Visa not required[164] | 30 days | |
Montenegro | Visa not required[165] | 90 days | |
Morocco | Visa not required[166] | 3 months | |
Mozambique | eVisa / Visa on arrival[167][168] | 30 days | |
Myanmar | eVisa[169][170] | 28 days |
|
Namibia | Visa on arrival[171] | 90 days | |
Nauru | Visa required[172] | ||
Nepal | Online Visa / Visa on arrival[173] | 90 days[174] | |
Netherlands | Visa required[175] |
| |
New Zealand | Visa required[176] |
| |
Nicaragua | Visa not required[178] | 90 days | |
Niger | Visa required[179] | ||
Nigeria | eVisa[180][181] | 90 days | |
North Macedonia | Visa not required[182] | 90 days | |
Norway | Visa required[183] |
| |
Oman | Visa not required / eVisa[184][185] | 14 days / 30 days | |
Pakistan | eVisa[186] | 90 days |
|
Palau | Visa on arrival[187] | 30 days | |
Panama | Visa not required[188] | 90 days | |
Papua New Guinea | eVisa[189][190] | 60 days |
|
Paraguay | Visa not required[191] | 90 days | |
Peru | Visa not required[192] | 183 days | |
Philippines | Visa not required[193] | 30 days | |
Poland | Visa required[194] |
| |
Portugal | Visa required[195] |
| |
Qatar | Visa not required[196] | 90 days | |
Romania | Visa required[197] |
| |
Russia | eVisa[198][199] | 16 days | |
Rwanda | eVisa / Visa on arrival[200][201] | 30 days | |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | Visa not required[202] | 3 months | |
Saint Lucia | Visa not required[203] | 6 weeks | |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Visa not required[204] | 3 month | |
Samoa | Free entry permit on arrival[205] | 60 days | |
San Marino | Visa required[206] | ||
São Tomé and Príncipe | Visa not required[207] | 15 days[208] | |
Saudi Arabia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[209][210] | 90 days | |
Senegal | Visa on arrival[211] | 90 days | |
Serbia | Visa not required[212] | 90 days |
|
Seychelles | Electronic Border System[213][214] | 3 months |
|
Sierra Leone | eVisa / Visa on arrival[215][216] | 3 months / 30 days | |
Singapore | Visa not required[217] | 30 days | |
Slovakia | Visa required[218] |
| |
Slovenia | Visa required[219] |
| |
Solomon Islands | Visa required[220] | ||
Somalia | Visa on arrival[221] | 30 days |
|
South Africa | Visa not required[222] | 30 days | |
South Sudan | eVisa[223][224] |
| |
Spain | Visa required[225] |
| |
Sri Lanka | eVisa / Visa on arrival[226][227] | 60 days / 30 days |
|
Sudan | Visa on arrival[229] | 1 month |
|
Suriname | Visa not required[230][231] | 90 days | |
Sweden | Visa required[234] |
| |
Switzerland | Visa required[235] |
| |
Syria | Visa required[236][237] | ||
Tajikistan | Visa required[238][239] | ||
Tanzania | eVisa / Visa on arrival[240][241] | 90 days | |
Thailand | Visa not required[242] | 60 days | |
Timor-Leste | Visa on arrival[243] | 30 days | |
Togo | eVisa[244][245] | 15 days | |
Tonga | Visa on arrival[246] | 31 days | |
Trinidad and Tobago | Visa not required[247] | 90 days | |
Tunisia | Visa not required[248] | 3 months | |
Turkmenistan | Visa required[249] | ||
Tuvalu | Visa on arrival[250] | 1 month | |
Uganda | eVisa[251][252] | 3 months |
|
Ukraine | Visa not required[253] | 90 days | |
United Arab Emirates | Visa required[255] |
| |
United Kingdom | Visa required[257] |
| |
United States | Visa required[260] |
| |
Uruguay | Visa not required[262] | 90 days | |
Uzbekistan | Visa not required[263] | 30 days | |
Vanuatu | Visa not required[264] | 30 days | |
Vatican City | Visa required[265] | ||
Venezuela | Visa not required[266] | 90 days | |
Vietnam[267][268] | eVisa | ||
Yemen | Visa required[270] | ||
Zambia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[271][272] | 90 days | |
Zimbabwe | Visa on arrival[273] | 30 days |
Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories
editVisa requirements for Turkish citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:
- Africa
- Eritrea (outside Asmara) — Visa covers Asmara only; to travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[274]
- Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Western Sahara controlled territory) — Visa not required up to 3 months.[275]
- Somaliland — Visa issued on arrival (30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival also permission from the federal government of Somalia is required).[276]
- Sudan — All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.[277]
- Darfur — Separate travel permit is required.[277]
- Asia
- Hong Kong — Visa not required for 90 days.[278]
- India — Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Mizoram, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[279][280][281]
- Kazakhstan — Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[282]
- Kish Island — Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[283]
- Macao — Visa not required for 30 days.[284]
- Sabah and Sarawak — These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[285]
- Maldives — With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[286]
- North Korea outside Pyongyang – People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
- Palestine — Visa not required. Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[287]
- Mecca and Medina — Non-Muslims and those following the Ahmadiyya religious movement are strictly prohibited from entry.[288]
- Taiwan — Visa on arrival for 30 days. Also eligible for an eVisa.[289]
- Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province — OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[290][291][292]
- Turkmenistan — A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[293]
- Tibet Autonomous Region — Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).
- Korean Demilitarized Zone — restricted zone.
- UNDOF Zone and Ghajar — restricted zones.
- Phú Quốc — can visit without a visa for up to 30 days.[269]
- Yemen — Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[295]
- Caribbean and North Atlantic
- Anguilla — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Canada, USA or United Kingdom visa.[296]
- Aruba — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[297]
- Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[298]
- Bermuda — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry US, UK or Canada visa.[299]
- British Virgin Islands — Visa not required - 30 days.[300]
- Cayman Islands — Visa required. Possible to visit with US Green Card if arriving directly from USA.[301]
- Colombia — Visitors arriving at San Andrés must buy tourist cards on arrival.[302]
- Curacao — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit .[303]
- Montserrat — Visa required - eVisa Application Possible. Possible to visit with a multiple entry EU Member State, Canada or USA visa.[304]
- Greenland — Visa required.[305]
- Margarita Island — All visitors are fingerprinted.[306]
- Puerto Rico — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry US visa [307]
- Saint Barthelemy — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[308]
- Saint Martin — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[308]
- Saint Pierre and Miquelon — Visa required. Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[308]
- Sint Maarten — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[309]
- Turks and Caicos Islands — Visa not required [310]
- U.S. Virgin Islands — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry US visa [311]
- Europe
- Abkhazia — Visa required.[312]
- Mount Athos — Special permit required (4 days: EUR 25 for Orthodox visitors, EUR 35 for non-Orthodox visitors, EUR 18 for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[313][314]
- Republic of Crimea — Visa regime of Russia is applied.[315]
- Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus — unlimited access;. ID card valid[316]
- UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus — Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.[317]
- Faroe Islands — Visa required.[318]
- Gibraltar — Visa required.[319]
- Guernsey – Visa required.[320]
- Alderney – Visa required.[320]
- Sark – Visa required.[320]
- Isle of Man — Visa required.[321][322]
- Jan Mayen — Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[323] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[324]
- Jersey – Visa required.[325]
- Kosovo — Visa free for 90 days.[326]
- Closed cities and regions in Russia — special authorization required.[327]
- South Ossetia — Visa free. Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[328][329]
- Transnistria — Visa free. Registration required after 24h.[330]
- Oceania
- American Samoa — Visa required (entry permit).[331]
- Ashmore and Cartier Islands — special authorisation required.[332]
- Clipperton Island — special permit required.[333]
- Cook Islands — Visa free access for 31 days.[334]
- Lau Province — Special permission required. If you are traveling to the Lau group of islands by yacht, you need special permission from your first port of entry into Fiji.[335]
- French Polynesia — Visa required.[308]
- Guam — Visa required.[336]
- New Caledonia — Visa required.[308]
- Niue — Visa on arrival valid for 30 days is issued free of charge.[337]
- Northern Mariana Islands — Visa required.[338]
- Pitcairn Islands — 14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[339][340][341]
- Tokelau — Visa required (entry permit).[342]
- United States Minor Outlying Islands — special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[343][344][345][346][347][348][349]
- Wallis and Futuna — Visa required. Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[308]
- South America
- Galápagos — Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[350]
- South Atlantic and Antarctica
- Falkland Islands — Visitor Permit valid for 4 weeks is issued on arrival.
- Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
- Ascension Island — eVisa for 3 months within any year period.[351][352]
- Saint Helena — eVisa.[353][354]
- Tristan da Cunha — Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht / ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[355]
- South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands — Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours / 1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[356][357]
- Antarctica and adjacent islands — special permits required for French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[358][359][360][361][362][363][364][365][366][367][368]
- Arab League — Certain countries will deny access to holders of Israeli visas or passport stamps of Israel because of the Arab League boycott of Israel.
Consular protection of Turkish citizens abroad
editTurkey has the 3rd largest diplomatic network in the world with 252 diplomatic and consular missions.[369]
Non-visa restrictions
editBlank passport pages
editMany countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[370] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.
Vaccination
editMany African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[371] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[372]
Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[373][374]
Passport validity length
editVery few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.
However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[375][376] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[377]
Some countries, such as Japan,[378] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[379] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.
In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[380] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[381] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[382] Philippines,[383] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[384]
Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.
Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.
Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.
Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.
Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[385] and South Africa.
Criminal record
editSome countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[386] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.
Persona non grata
editThe government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[387]
Israeli stamps
editKuwait,[388] Lebanon,[389] Libya,[390] Syria,[391] and Yemen[392] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.
To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017[update]) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]
Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.
Biometrics
editSeveral countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[393]
Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[394][395] Argentina,[396] Brunei, Cambodia,[397] China,[398] Ethiopia,[399] Ghana, Guinea,[400] India, Japan,[401][402] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[403] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[404] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[405] Singapore, South Korea,[406] Taiwan, Thailand,[407] Uganda,[408] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.
Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[409][410][411] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[412]
Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[413] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[414][415] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[416] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[417][418]
See also
editNotes
editReferences
edit- ^ "Global Passport Ranking".
- ^ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
- ^ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
- ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
- ^ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
- ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
- ^ "Decreto Presidencial".
- ^ Countries exempt from visa, Department of Immigration of Antigua and Barbuda.
- ^ Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish).
- ^ Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
- ^ "Armenia eVisa".
- ^ Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
- ^ "Australia Subclass 600".
- ^ Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-08/Annex%207B.pdf This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- ^ Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan (in Azerbaijani).
- ^ "Resmî Gazete" (PDF). Retrieved 9 March 2022.
- ^ eVISA Online Services – Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Bahamas, Government of the Bahamas
- ^ Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
- ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
- ^ Barbados Visa Requirements and Reciprocal Arrangements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 1 July 2020.
- ^ Visa-free travel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus.
- ^ Visa for Belgium, Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs of Belgium.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen-borders-and-visa/visa-policy/who-must-apply-schengen-visa_nl This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- ^ Do you need a visa to travel to Belize?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade & Immigration, Belize, July 2023.
- ^ Visa, Emigration and Immigration Directorate of Benin.
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- ^ Custom procedure for 24-hour visa-free transit is required in principle, except in Beijing (both Capital and Daxing), Shanghai Pudong, Hangzhou, Xiamen, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu Tianfu and Xi'an if no leaving of international transit areas.[50]
- ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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- ^ "CI eVisa".
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- ^ eVisa Cuba
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- ^ Who does not need a visa to visit Estonia?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, 2 November 2017.
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- ^ "10 Yunan adasında kapıda vize uygulaması başlayacak, detaylar belli oldu! Yunan adalarına vize kalktı mı?".
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African countries that requires Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that requires (sic) vaccination for travellers from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission or transit for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
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- ^ "Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 403.9-3(B)(2) f". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
- ^ "Visitor Visa". travel.state.gov. US Department of State. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
- ^ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
- ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
Q: Do I need at least 6 months passport validity in order to enter Japan? A: Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
- ^ "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
- ^ Bahrain government website
- ^ "Passports and Visa | GoIsrael - the Official Website of Tourism to Israel".
- ^ "Government Of Peru Requires Six-Month Validity On Passports To Enter Peru". Traveling & Living in Peru. 2 January 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
- ^ "Bureau of Immigration of the Republic of the Philippines". Retrieved 17 March 2021.
- ^ Timatic
- ^ "Maldives Reduces Passport Validity Requirement of Minimum 6 Months to Just 1 Month". Corporate Maldives. 24 October 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
- ^ Government of Canada -- Overcome criminal convictions
- ^ "No entry for Modi into US: visa denied | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. 18 March 2005. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
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- ^ "Travel Advice for Yemen - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 20 August 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
- ^ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
- ^ "How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports". Countryreports.org.
- ^ Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011). "In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data". The New York Times.
- ^ "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
- ^ "Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements". Us-passport-information.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 January 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
- ^ "Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswaertiges-amt.de.
- ^ "Visa". paf.gov.gn.
- ^ "Japan fingerprints foreigners as anti-terror move". Reuters. 20 November 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ "Anger as Japan moves to fingerprint foreigners - World". Theage.com.au. 26 October 2007.
- ^ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
- ^ "Malaysia". CountryReports. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
- ^ "Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners - SecureIDNews". secureidnews.com. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ "S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors - People's Daily Online". peopledaily.com.cn. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ "National News Bureau of Thailand".
- ^ AfricaNews (14 January 2019). "Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport". Africanews. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
- ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
- ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
- ^ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
- ^ Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
- ^ "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
- ^ "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
- ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
- ^ Roberts, Jeff John (12 September 2016). "Homeland Security Plans to Expand Fingerprint and Eye Scanning at Borders". Fortune. Fortune Media IP Limited. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
Unlike with documents, it's very hard for a traveler to present a forged copy of a fingerprint or iris. That's why the U.S. Department of Homeland Security plans to vastly expand the amount of biometric data it collects at the borders. According to Passcode, a new program will ramp up a process to scan fingers and eyes in order to stop people entering and exiting the country on someone else's passport.
- ^ "Singapore tests eye scans at immigration checkpoints". Reuters. 6 August 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
Singapore has started scanning travellers' eyes at some of its border checkpoints, its immigration authority said on Monday, in a trial of expensive technology that could one day replace fingerprint verification.
- ^ Lee, Vivien (6 August 2018). "5 Reasons We Prefer Iris Scans To Fingerprint Checks At Our Borders In Singapore". Retrieved 24 April 2019.
The iris technology could potentially scan irises covertly, as opposed to the scanning of thumbprints which necessitates active participation.