Virginio Gayda (12 August 1885 – 14 March 1944)[1] was a prominent Italian fascist journalist during Fascist Italy, led by Benito Mussolini.
Early life edit
Gayda was born in Rome, studied economics at the University of Turin and began his career as a journalist when he was hired as a foreign correspondent by La Stampa in 1908.
Journalist edit
Gayda came to prominence as editor of Il Giornale d'Italia during the 1930s and the 1940s. Contemporary reports in the Allied press characterised him as a propagandist who was willing to write anything to support Benito Mussolini's regime.[2]
Dr. Seuss lampooned Gayda by saying, "If you were to ask me, which you haven't, whom I consider the world's most outstanding writer of fantasy, I would, of course, answer: 'I am.' My second choice, however, is Virginio Gayda."[3]
However, Gayda twice came into conflict with Mussolini.[4] In the first incident, a 1939 article "Che farà l'Italia?" ("What Will Italy Do?") was written when Germany invaded Poland in which Gayda cast doubt on the wisdom of Italy entering the world war on the side of Germany. Mussolini, who planned to join the war, criticised the article strongly.
Mussolini raised no public objection when Gayda warned against the likelihood of a swift victory one week after start in June 1941 of the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union.[5] However, on 17 February 1943, Gayda provoked the second incident by stating in Il Giornale d'Italia that the Axis powers had difficulties in the war of attrition. Since the Allies were understood to have more industrial power than the Axis, that was seen as a tacit admission of a likely defeat. As a result, Gayda did not appear in Il Giornale d'Italia again until 23 March. He was replaced as editor of Il Giornale d'Italia by A. Bergamini after the fall of the fascist regime on 25 July 1943.
Death edit
He was killed by Allied bombing at home on 14 March 1944, reportedly while he was studying English, "the language of Churchill and Eisenhower", in preparation for the arrival of the Allies.[6]
References edit
- ^ GAYDA, Virginio, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 52 (1999), Para. 1, - accessed here: http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/virginio-gayda_(Dizionario_Biografico)/ on 6 February 2013
- ^ "Press Agent For Mussolini - A Tough Job: Italian editor Virginio Gayda is a cynic who must love or hate according to orders, but who has made an art of his work" The Milwaukee Journal, P.24, 19 September 1941
- ^ "Dr. Seuss: cartoon from 30 January 1941" - retrieved from http://www.k-state.edu/english/nelp/childlit/seuss/10130.html on 6 February 2013
- ^ GAYDA, Virginio, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 52 (1999), Para. 22 - accessed here: http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/virginio-gayda_(Dizionario_Biografico)/ on 6 February 2013
- ^ The Montreal Gazette, 1 July 1941, p.6
- ^ Cesare De Simone, Venti angeli sopra Roma, p. 313. De Simone ipotizza, maliziosamente, che Gayda si preparasse all'imminente arrivo (4 giugno 1944) delle truppe alleate a Roma: «[...] probabilmente aveva capito che i tempi stavano rapidamente mutando e aveva deciso di imparare la lingua di Churchill e di Eisenhower». Sullo stesso episodio vedi anche Paolo Monelli,