Tropical rainforest climate

A tropical rainforest climate or equatorial climate is a tropical climate sub-type usually found within 10 to 15 degrees latitude of the equator. There are some other areas at higher latitudes, such as the coast of southeast Florida, United States, and Okinawa, Japan that fall into the tropical rainforest climate category. They experience high mean annual temperatures, small temperature ranges, and rain that falls throughout the year. Regions with this climate are typically designated Af by the Köppen climate classification. A tropical rainforest climate is typically hot, very humid, and wet.

Worldwide zones of tropical rainforest climate (Af).

Description

Borneo, with the typical vegetation of tropical forest.

Tropical rain forests have a type of tropical climate in which there is no dry season—all months have an average precipitation value of at least 60 mm (2.4 in). There are no distinct wet or dry seasons as rainfall is high throughout the months. One day in a tropical rainforest climate can be very similar to the next, while the change in temperature between day and night may be larger than the average change in temperature during the year.

Equatorial climates and tropical trade-wind climates

When tropical rainforest climates are more dominated by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) than the trade winds (and with no or rare cyclones), so usually located near the equator, they are also called equatorial climates. Otherwise, when they are more dominated by the trade winds than the ITCZ, they are called tropical trade-wind climates. In pure equatorial climates, the atmospheric pressure is almost constantly low so the horizontal pressure gradient is low. Consequently, the winds are rare and usually weak (except sea and land breezes in coastal areas) while in tropical trade-wind climates, often located at higher latitudes than the equatorial climates, wind is almost permanent which incidentally explains why rainforest formations are impoverished compared to those of equatorial climates due to their necessary resistance to strong winds accompanying tropical disturbances.

Cities with tropical rainforest climates

Asia

• Batang, Indonesia
• Palembang, Indonesia
• Medan, Indonesia
• Balikpapan, Indonesia (equatorial climate)
• Padang, Indonesia (equatorial climate)
• Pontianak, Indonesia (equatorial climate)
• Ishigaki, Japan
• Johor Bahru, Malaysia (equatorial climate)
• Kandy, Sri Lanka
• Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (equatorial climate)
• Kuching, Malaysia (equatorial climate)
• George Town, Malaysia
• Ipoh, Malaysia
• Davao City, Philippines
• Polomolok, Philippines
• Tacloban, Leyte, Philippines
• Singapore (equatorial climate)
• Kurunegala, Sri Lanka
• Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, Sri Lanka
• Orchid Island, Taiwan
• Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

Oceania

• Pago Pago, American Samoa
• Innisfail, Queensland, Australia
• Palikir, Federated States of Micronesia
• Suva, Fiji
• Hanga Roa, Easter Island, Chile
• Hagåtña, Guam
• Tarawa, Kiribati
• Majuro, Marshall Islands
• Tabubil, Papua New Guinea (equatorial climate)
• Lae, Papua New Guinea (equatorial climate)
• Apia, Samoa
• Honiara, Solomon Islands
• Nuku’alofa, Tonga
• Funafuti, Tuvalu
• Hilo, Hawaii, United States
• Port Vila, Vanuatu

Africa

• Moroni, Comoros
• Kisumu, Kenya
• Harper, Liberia (equatorial climate)
• Antalaha, Madagascar
• Manakara, Madagascar
• Kampala, Uganda
• Toamasina, Madagascar

Americas

• Lelydorp, Suriname
• Punta Gorda, Belize
• Limón, Costa Rica
• Higüey, Dominican Republic
• Puerto Barrios, Guatemala
• La Ceiba, Honduras
• Port Antonio, Jamaica
• Bluefields, Nicaragua
• Changuinola, Panama
• West Palm Beach, Florida, United States
• Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States
• Belém, Brazil (equatorial climate)
• Macaé, Brazil
• Scarborough, Trinidad and Tobago
• Salvador, Brazil
• Florencia, Colombia
• Puyo, Ecuador (equatorial climate)
• Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, French Guiana (equatorial climate)
• Georgetown, Guyana
• Iquitos, Peru (equatorial climate)
• Paramaribo, Suriname (equatorial climate)
• Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca, Colombia (equatorial climate)
• Leticia, Colombia (equatorial climate)

Paramaribo, Suriname
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     200     30 22     140     30 22     150     30 22     210     31 22     290     30 23     290     31 22     230     31 22     170     32 23     90     32 23     90     33 23     120     32 23     180     30 22 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm Source: [1]
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     7.9     86 72     5.5     86 72     5.9     86 72     8.3     88 72     11     86 73     11     88 72     9.1     88 72     6.7     90 73     3.5     90 73     3.5     91 73     4.7     90 73     7.1     86 72 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches

Mbandaka, DR Congo
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     80     31 19     100     32 20     150     32 20     140     31 20     130     31 20     110     30 19     100     30 17     100     29 17     200     30 19     210     30 19     190     30 19     120     30 19 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm Source: [2]
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     3.1     88 66     3.9     90 68     5.9     90 68     5.5     88 68     5.1     88 68     4.3     86 66     3.9     86 63     3.9     84 63     7.9     86 66     8.3     86 66     7.5     86 66     4.7     86 66 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches

Pontianak, Indonesia
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     260     32 23     215     33 23     254     33 23     292     33 23     256     33 23     212     33 23     201     33 22     180     33 23     295     33 23     329     33 23     400     32 23     302     32 22 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm Source: [3]
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     10     90 73     8.5     91 73     10     91 73     11     92 74     10     91 74     8.3     92 74     7.9     91 72     7.1     92 73     12     91 73     13     91 73     16     90 73     12     90 72 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches

Kuching, Malaysia
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     466     30 23     445     29 23     465     30 23     251     32 23     347     33 24     310     32 23     184     31 23     326     32 23     208     32 23     307     32 23     482     32 24     516     30 23 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm Source: Monthly Statistical Bulletin Sarawak
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     18     87 73     18     84 74     18     87 73     9.9     90 74     14     91 74     12     89 73     7.2     88 74     13     89 73     8.2     90 74     12     89 74     19     89 74     20     87 74 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches

Davao, Philippines
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     140     31 23     109     31 23     108     32 24     125     33 24     159     33 25     187     32 24     165     32 24     170     32 24     170     32 24     175     32 24     138     32 24     113     31 24 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm Source: [4]
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     5.5     87 74     4.3     88 74     4.3     90 74     4.9     91 76     6.2     91 76     7.4     89 76     6.5     89 75     6.7     89 75     6.7     89 75     6.9     90 75     5.4     90 75     4.4     89 75 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches

Quibdó, Colombia
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     579     30 23     505     30 23     526     30 23     655     31 23     776     31 23     762     31 23     803     31 23     852     31 23     702     31 23     654     30 23     728     30 23     589     30 23 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm Source: [5]
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     23     86 73     20     86 74     21     87 74     26     87 74     31     88 74     30     88 73     32     88 73     34     88 73     28     87 73     26     87 73     29     86 73     23     85 73 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches

See also

• Tropics
• Monsoon climate
• Tropical savanna climate
• Köppen climate classification

References