Transaldolase 1

Transaldolase 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TALDO1 gene.

TALDO1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1F05
Identifiers
Aliases	TALDO1, TAL, TAL-H, TALDOR, TALH, transaldolase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 602063 MGI: 1274789 HomoloGene: 4916 GeneCards: TALDO1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human) Band 11p15.5 Start 747,415 bp End 765,012 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse) Band 7|7 F5 Start 140,972,112 bp End 140,982,881 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in spongy bone blood oocyte monocyte bone marrow oral cavity palpebral conjunctiva secondary oocyte bronchial epithelial cell periodontal fiber Top expressed in lacrimal gland blood brown adipose tissue conjunctival fornix retinal pigment epithelium parotid gland epithelium of stomach subcutaneous adipose tissue jejunum ileum More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function transferase activity transaldolase activity catalytic activity protein binding monosaccharide binding carbohydrate binding Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol extracellular exosome intracellular membrane-bounded organelle nucleus nucleoplasm Biological process fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process pentose-phosphate shunt pentose-phosphate shunt, non-oxidative branch xylulose biosynthetic process glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate metabolic process interleukin-12-mediated signaling pathway carbohydrate metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6888 21351 Ensembl ENSG00000177156 ENSMUSG00000025503 UniProt P37837 Q93092 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006755 NM_011528 RefSeq (protein) NP_006746 NP_035658 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 0.75 – 0.77 Mb Chr 7: 140.97 – 140.98 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

Transaldolase 1 is a key enzyme of the nonoxidative pentose phosphate pathway providing ribose-5-phosphate for nucleic acid synthesis and NADPH for lipid biosynthesis. This pathway can also maintain glutathione at a reduced state and thus protect sulfhydryl groups and cellular integrity from oxygen radicals. The functional gene of transaldolase 1 is located on chromosome 11 and a pseudogene is identified on chromosome 1 but there are conflicting map locations. The second and third exon of this gene were developed by insertion of a retrotransposable element. This gene is thought to be involved in multiple sclerosis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

Further reading

• Grossman CE, Qian Y, Banki K, Perl A (2004). "ZNF143 mediates basal and tissue-specific expression of human transaldolase". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (13): 12190–205. doi:10.1074/jbc.M307039200. PMID 14702349.
• Huang JB, Espinoza J, Romero R, Petty HR (2005). "Transaldolase is part of a supramolecular complex containing glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in human neutrophils that undergoes retrograde trafficking during pregnancy". Metab. Clin. Exp. 54 (8): 1027–33. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2005.03.005. PMID 16092052.
• Valayannopoulos V, Verhoeven NM, Mention K, Salomons GS, Sommelet D, Gonzales M, Touati G, de Lonlay P, Jakobs C, Saudubray JM (2006). "Transaldolase deficiency: a new cause of hydrops fetalis and neonatal multi-organ disease". J. Pediatr. 149 (5): 713–7. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.08.016. PMID 17095351.
• Silberstein M, Landon MR, Wang YE, Perl A, Vajda S (2006). "Computational methods for functional site identification suggest a substrate access channel in transaldolase". Genome Inform. 17 (1): 13–22. PMID 17503352.
• Wamelink MM, Smith DE, Jansen EE, Verhoeven NM, Struys EA, Jakobs C (2007). "Detection of transaldolase deficiency by quantification of novel seven-carbon chain carbohydrate biomarkers in urine". J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 30 (5): 735–42. doi:10.1007/s10545-007-0590-2. PMID 17603756. S2CID 22549126.
• Wamelink MM, Struys EA, Salomons GS, Fowler D, Jakobs C, Clayton PT (2008). "Transaldolase deficiency in a two-year-old boy with cirrhosis". Mol. Genet. Metab. 94 (2): 255–8. doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.01.011. PMID 18331807.
• Qian Y, Banerjee S, Grossman CE, Amidon W, Nagy G, Barcza M, Niland B, Karp DR, Middleton FA, Banki K, Perl A (2008). "Transaldolase deficiency influences the pentose phosphate pathway, mitochondrial homoeostasis and apoptosis signal processing". Biochem. J. 415 (1): 123–34. doi:10.1042/BJ20080722. PMID 18498245.
• Schneider S, Sandalova T, Schneider G, Sprenger GA, Samland AK (2008). "Replacement of a phenylalanine by a tyrosine in the active site confers fructose-6-phosphate aldolase activity to the transaldolase of Escherichia coli and human origin". J. Biol. Chem. 283 (44): 30064–72. doi:10.1074/jbc.M803184200. PMC 2662071. PMID 18687684.
• Basta PV, Bensen JT, Tse CK, Perou CM, Sullivan PF, Olshan AF (2008). "Genetic variation in Transaldolase 1 and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck". Cancer Detect. Prev. 32 (3): 200–8. doi:10.1016/j.cdp.2008.08.008. PMC 2614275. PMID 18805652.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.