Timeline of Bujumbura

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bujumbura, Burundi.

Prior to 20th century edit

1885 - Mohamed Bin Khalfan in power in region.^[1]
1899 - Germans establish military settlement at village of Usumbura in colonial German East Africa.^[2]

20th century edit

Map of Bujumbura, 1991

1912 - Usumbura becomes capital of Ruanda-Urundi.^[1]
1916 - Belgians in power in Ruanda-Urundi.^[1]
1928 - Buyenzi neighborhood created.^[1]
1932 - Kabondo neighborhood created.^[1]
1941 - Kabondo neighborhood razed due to poor public health.^[1]
1945 - Kamenge and Kinama neighborhoods created.^[3]
1952 - Bujumbura Airport opens.
1955 - Holy Spirit Lycée (school) active.
1959 - Roman Catholic diocese of Usumbura established.^[4]
1960
- University of Burundi founded.^[2]
- Radio nationale begins broadcasting.
1962
- City becomes national capital of newly formed Burundi; Usumbura renamed "Bujumbura."^[5]
- Gérard Kibinakanwa becomes mayor.^[6]
1963
- Cibitoke [it] neighborhood created.^[1]
- Maniema FC (football club) formed.
1965 - École Belge de Bujumbura (school) opens.
1970 - Population: 78,810 (urban agglomeration).^[7]
1978 - Renouveau du Burundi government newspaper begins publication.^[8]
1984 - Télévision nationale begins broadcasting.
1990 - Population: 235,440.^[9]
1991 - Kamenge Youth Centre established.
1995
- Ethnic violence during the Burundian Civil War.^[10]^[11]
- 11 March: Government official Ernest Kabushemeye killed.
1996
- Army-rebel (Tutsi-Hutu) conflict, especially in Kamenge [fr].^[12]
- Radio Umwizero [fr] begins broadcasting.^[8]
1998 - Civilians killed by Hutu rebels at airport.^[12]
2000
- 13 October: Army-rebel (Tutsi-Hutu) conflict occurs near city.^[11]
- 31 December: Civilians killed by Hutu rebels near city.^[11]

21st century edit

Satellite view of Bujumbura, 2005

2003
- City besieged by rebel forces.^[10]
- April: Peacekeeping African Union Mission in Burundi headquartered in city.
2005 - City administration divided into 13 neighborhoods: Buterere, Buyenzi, Bwiza [fr], Cibitoke [it], Gihosha, Kamenge, Kanyosha, Kinama, Kinindo, Musaga, Ngagara, Nyakabiga [fr], and Rohero [sv]. Each has its own council and leader.^[3]
2007 - September: Conflict between factions of the National Forces of Liberation.^[10]
2008 - Population: 497,169.^[13]
2011 - 30 November: East African Community summit held in city.^[14]
2012
- March: Labor strike.^[15]
- Saidi Juma becomes mayor.
2013 - Central market burns down.^[16]
2015 - Burundian unrest (2015–present).
2018 December 24 - Burundi moved its capital from Bujumbura to Gitega.

References edit

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "Historique". Mairiebujumbura.gov.bi (in French). Mairie de Bujumbura. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
^ ^a ^b Zeleza 2003.
^ ^a ^b "L'administration de la Municipalité de Bujumbura". Villedebujumbura.org (in French). Mairie de Bujumbura. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009.
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Burundi". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
^ Cybriwsky 2013.
^ "Succession à la tête de la Mairie de Bujumbura". Villedebujumbura.org (in French). Mairie de Bujumbura. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009.
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1980. New York. pp. 225–252.
^ ^a ^b "Burundi". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 1857431839.
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2005. United Nations Statistics Division.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Burundi Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 14 April 2011. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Burundi". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. p. 51+. ISBN 0203409957.
^ ^a ^b Young 2010.
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.
^ Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2012). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2011. Vol. 8. Koninklijke Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-24178-7.
^ Stef Vandeginste (2013). "Burundi". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. Vol. 9. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 291–300. ISBN 978-90-04-25600-2.
^ "Burundi: vaste incendie au marché central de Bujumbura", Rfi.fr (in French), 27 January 2013

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia and Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography edit

in English

C. Achikbache; et al. (1982). "Bujumbura: Muslim demographic and socio-economic aspects". Journal of the Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs. 4 (4): 145–174. doi:10.1080/02666958208715865. ISSN 0266-6952.
Nancy Rose Hunt (1990). "Domesticity and Colonialism in Belgian Africa: Usumbura's Foyer Social, 1946-1960". Signs. 15 (3): 447–474. doi:10.1086/494605. JSTOR 3174423. S2CID 145204059.
Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Bujumbura, Burundi". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
Eric Young (2010). "Bujumbura, Burundi". In Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (eds.). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 209. ISBN 9780195337709.
Roman A. Cybriwsky (2013). "Bujumbura". Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-61069-248-9.

in French

Sylvestre Ndayirukiye, Bujumbura centenaire : 1897-1997 : croissance et défis, L'Harmattan, Paris, 2002, 375 p. ISBN 2-7475-1302-5
S. Ndayirukire (2006). "La rehabilitation et la protection du patrimoine culturel national: les monuments et les édifices anciens dans la ville de Bujumbura". Culture et société (in French). 16. Bujumbura: Centre de civilisation burundaise. ISSN 0255-6308.
Pascal Rutaké; et al. (2011). "Planification et politiques de santé en milieu urbain: cas de la mairie de Bujumbura". Cahier du CURDES (12). University of Burundi, Centre Universitaire de Recherche pour le Développement Economique et Social.[1]
Burundi: Profil Urbain De Bujumbura (in French). United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 2012.

in German

"Usumbura". Deutsches Kolonial-Lexikon (in German). 1920 – via Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt.^{[permanent dead link]}

External links edit

"(Bujumbura)" – via Europeana. (Images, etc.)
"(Bujumbura)" – via Digital Public Library of America. (Images, etc.)
"(Bujumbura)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. (Bibliography)
"(Bujumbura)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
"(Bujumbura)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)
"Bujumbura, Burundi". BlackPast.org. United States. 11 February 2014.

[historique-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "Historique". Mairiebujumbura.gov.bi (in French). Mairie de Bujumbura. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

[FOOTNOTEZeleza2003-2] Zeleza 2003.

[Muni2009-3] "L'administration de la Municipalité de Bujumbura". Villedebujumbura.org (in French). Mairie de Bujumbura. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009.

[4] "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Burundi". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 31 August 2017.

[FOOTNOTECybriwsky2013-5] Cybriwsky 2013.

[mayor2009-6] "Succession à la tête de la Mairie de Bujumbura". Villedebujumbura.org (in French). Mairie de Bujumbura. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009.

[7] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1980. New York. pp. 225–252.

[europa2004-8] "Burundi". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 1857431839.

[9] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2005. United Nations Statistics Division.

[bbc-10] "Burundi Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 14 April 2011. Retrieved 31 August 2017.

[europa2001-11] "Burundi". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. p. 51+. ISBN 0203409957.

[FOOTNOTEYoung2010-12] Young 2010.

[13] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.

[14] Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2012). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2011. Vol. 8. Koninklijke Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-24178-7.

[15] Stef Vandeginste (2013). "Burundi". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. Vol. 9. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 291–300. ISBN 978-90-04-25600-2.

[16] "Burundi: vaste incendie au marché central de Bujumbura", Rfi.fr (in French), 27 January 2013

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