Thomas Richardson (1771–1853)[1] was a shareholder and director of the Stockton & Darlington Railway, a partner in Robert Stephenson & Co. and a founding member of the Owners of the Middlesbrough Estate.
Background edit
Thomas Richardson, a bill broker and Quaker from Stamford Hill, London, was the cousin of Edward Pease.[2] Pease proposed the Stockton & Darlington Railway (S&DR) in 1818, and Richardson invested in the scheme, owning fifty £100 shares by 1823.[3] Elected to the S&DR management committee,[4] Richardson also became a partner in the locomotive manufacturers Robert Stephenson & Co. in 1823.[5] The S&DR suffered financial difficulties in the first few years of operation, Richardson guaranteeing £10,000 of the debt in October 1825.[6] By 1830 Richardson owned 141 S&DR shares;[7] Richardson was also director of companies such as the Middlesbrough and Redcar and Wear Valley Railway, which were formed to expand the S&DR.[8]
Soon after opening the export of coal had become the S&DR main business, but the facilities at the port in Stockton proved inadequate. A branch to a new port at Middlesbrough, south of the Tees, was approved by S&DR shareholders on 26 October 1827.[9] Before May 1929 Richardson had bought 500 acres (200 ha) near Port Darlington from William Chilton of Billingham, and with Joseph and Edward Pease and others he formed the Owners of the Middlesbrough Estate to develop it.[10][11] Middlesbrough had only a few houses before the coming of the railway,[12] but a year later had a population of over 2,000 and at the 2011 census had over 138,000 people.[13][14]
In 1844 he retired to North Riding of Yorkshire, selling all but 10 shares in the S&DR.[7]
References edit
Notes edit
- ^ Kirby, M.W. (2004). "Richardson, Thomas". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/23585. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ Kirby 2002, pp. 33, 47–48.
- ^ Kirby 2002, pp. 47–48.
- ^ Tomlinson 1915, p. 106.
- ^ Tomlinson 1915, pp. 95, 141.
- ^ Kirby 2002, p. 70.
- ^ a b Kirby 2002, pp. 128–129.
- ^ Tomlinson 1915, p. 463.
- ^ Allen 1974, p. 30.
- ^ Tomlinson 1915, p. 190.
- ^ Reid, H.G., ed. (1881). Middlesbrough and Its Jubilee: A History of the Iron and Steel Industries, with Biographies of Pioneers ... The Gazette. p. 11.
- ^ Hoole 1974, p. 118.
- ^ "Census 2011". Middlesbrough Council. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
- ^ Delplanque, Paul (17 November 2011). "Middlesbrough Dock 1839–1980". Middlesbrough Gazette. Retrieved 24 March 2013.
Sources edit
- Allen, Cecil J. (1974) [1964]. The North Eastern Railway. Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0495-1.
- Hoole, K. (1974). A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: Volume IV The North East. David & Charles. ISBN 0715364391.
- Kirby, Maurice W. (4 July 2002). The Origins of Railway Enterprise: The Stockton and Darlington Railway 1821–1863. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-89280-3.
- Tomlinson, William Weaver (1915). The North Eastern Railway: Its rise and development. Andrew Reid and Company.
Further reading edit
- Yasumoto, Minoru (2011). The Rise of a Victorian Ironopolis: Middlesbrough and Regional Industrialization. Boydell Press. ISBN 978-1-84383-633-9.
External links edit
- Thomas Richardson Great Ayton’s greatest benefactor