The Scholars is the name of an English a cappella group of four to five solo singers active 1968–2010, mainly in the field of classical music. In the United States they were also known as The Scholars of London and The Voices of London.
Membership edit
Each of the five original members of The Scholars had been a Choral scholar in the Choir of King's College, Cambridge under David Willcocks between 1964 and 1968, and David Van Asch, the founder, organiser and bass of the group, had also been a boy chorister there under Boris Ord. After beginning as a male voice quintet (AATBarB), they had a middle phase (1972–82) as a mixed voice quintet (SATBarB) and latterly worked as an SATB quartet. Membership of The Scholars was nevertheless remarkably stable over its 40-year existence. The original members (1968) were Nigel Perrin (countertenor I), Timothy Brown (countertenor II), Robin Doveton (tenor), Stephen Varcoe (baritone) and David Van Asch (bass). After approximately three years Perrin, Brown and Varcoe left and were replaced, respectively, by Shelagh Molyneux (soprano), Nigel Dixon and Michael Leighton Jones. The latter was replaced in 1980 by Philip O'Reilly, and when he left in 1982 the group continued as an SATB quartet. In 1982 Paula Bott became The Scholars' soprano, followed by Kym Amps in 1988. In 1987 Angus Davidson replaced Dixon as countertenor and in 2004 Simon Grant took over from Van Asch as bass.
Whilst The Scholars no longer exists as such, ex-members remain active in other related musical fields, e.g. solo and ensemble singing, conducting, teaching and composing.
Concerts edit
The Scholars' first public concert took place in Chelsea Town Hall in 1969 and they were subsequently signed by London agent Ibbs and Tillett who obtained numerous concerts for them all around the United Kingdom. A promotional European tour in 1972 sparked three decades of concert tours in over fifty countries. The Scholars sang in many of the world's premier concert venues: The Queen Elizabeth Hall, Purcell Room and St John's, Smith Square, London; The Opera Houses of Sydney and Buenos Aires; Alice Tully Hall, New York; Symphony Hall, Osaka; Auditorio Nacional, Madrid; Brahmsaal, Musikverein, Vienna to name but a few. On a number of occasions the British Council selected The Scholars to represent British musical culture, promoting tours in Iran, Kenya, Ghana, Cameroon, Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand.
Performance style edit
At the outset, being a male voice ensemble, The Scholars' ideals remained close to those cultivated by David Willcocks at King's College, Cambridge: accurate tuning, rhythmic precision, clarity of diction and neat coordination of consonants. With the addition of a soprano voice came the opportunity for a warmer, more soloistic style of singing. In the 1990s the requirements of Early Music prompted an adjustment of tuning ideals away from equal temperament towards just intonation. The Scholars possessed an outgoing stage presence and their spoken introductions, as well as being informative, were often of a humorous nature.
Repertoire and programming edit
The promotion of English music and of the English singing tradition, were high on The Scholars' original priorities. Early programmes included English madrigals and sacred music of the 16th and early 17th centuries (Byrd, Tallis, Morley etc.). The lighter side of their repertoire with which they often concluded their concerts - spirituals and close harmony arrangements - initially continued to echo student days. Sets of five-voice folksong arrangements were made for The Scholars by David Willcocks (Five Folksongs), Gordon Langford (5 Sea Shanties) and John Rutter (5 Traditional Songs) which soon superseded the close harmony arrangements. From 1982, when The Scholars reduced to SATB, their place was in turn taken by Robin Doveton's four-voice folksong arrangements, although songs by The Beatles were still sung as encores. During the 1980s Italian, French, German and Spanish music of the Renaissance became standard repertoire and English glees of the late 18th and early 19th centuries were revived, including works by Arnold, Webbe and Callcott.
Contemporary music often formed part of The Scholars' programmes and included specially composed works by Philip Radcliffe (Cor Cordium), Malcolm Williamson (Death of Cuchulan), William Wordsworth (Adonais), John Rutter (It was a Lover and his Lass), John Joubert (Five Carols), William Mathias (Ceremony After A Fire Raid), Robert Walker (The Sun on the Celandines), Christopher Brown (Herrick Songs and From the Doorways of the Dawn) and Howard Blake (The New National Songbook and 'Lullaby - A Christmas Narrative' which includes the original version of Walking in the Air). The group forged strong connections with Spain and often sung works composed for them by Ángel Barja of León.
Non-specialist programmes were generally structured to include six groups of songs (three in each half of the concert), each themed by musical genre or subject matter, aiming for contrast of pace, humour/seriousness and key. Specialist programmes also became more and more in demand for Early Music festivals, and complete Mass settings by Josquin and Byrd often formed the basis of these.
The Scholars Baroque Ensemble edit
In 1992 Van Asch brought together, as artistic director, a small group of specialist baroque instrumentalists and extra singers to collaborate, without a conductor, with The Scholars in performances and recordings of major works by Handel (Messiah, Acis and Galatea, Dixit Dominus), Bach (Johannes Passion, Motets), Purcell (The Fairy Queen, The Indian Queen) and Monteverdi (Vespers).
Discography edit
| Company, Catalogue no. | Year/Format | Title | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unicorn UNS 254 | 1972/Vinyl | The Versatility of The Scholars I | English Renaissance music for AATBarB by Tallis (Lamentations), Byrd (motets) - Various (partsongs & madrigals). Engineer: Bob Auger |
| Unicorn RHS 318 | 1973/Vinyl | The Versatility of The Scholars II: Make we joy | Christmas music for SATBarB. Producer: Barry Rose Engineer: Bob Auger |
| Firecrest FEU 1002 | 1975/Vinyl.
Reissued 1978 by Decca MOR-R-512 |
The Scholars sing the New National Songbook
(reissue title: Sing a Song of Satire) |
Words and Music by Howard Blake (Piano)
Cover picture: Hugh Casson |
| Pilgrim Praise 2 | 1975/Vinyl | Christ in Competition | Eira Heath with The Scholars and the William Davies Quintet. Music by Edward Hughes, words by Peter Westmore. |
| Prelude PRS 2501 | 1976/Vinyl | The Scholars Sing | Madrigals - Victorian - Folk - Contemporary (Robert Walker: The Sun on the Celandines) |
| Enigma Classics VAR 1017 | 1976/Vinyl. Reissued in the USA. | Elizabethan and Jacobean Madrigals (USA title: The Silver Swan) | Producer: John Boyden. |
| Arion AR 31939 | 1978/Vinyl | L'AGE D'OR DE LA MUSIQUE SACREE EN ANGLETERRE | Lambe (Magnificat), Cornysh (Ave Maria Mater Dei), Tallis (Salvator mundi hodie), Whyte (Lamentations) |
| Arion ARN 38411 | 1979?/Vinyl | Adriano Banchieri: Festino | |
| L'OISEAU-LYRE (Decca) DSLO 33 | 1979/Vinyl | When Winds Breathe Soft: Glees from Georgian England | Producer: Peter Wadland |
| Accento ACR 101 | ?/Vinyl | The Chester Books of Madrigals | 16th and early 17th century madrigals and partsongs (for 3-5 vv) from England, France, Germany, Italy and Spain. Producer: Mark Sutton. |
| Accento ACR 102 | 1985/Vinyl | Hispanae Musica Vocibus Vol. I | Sacred Music for 4-6 voices by Melchor Robledo. Producer: Mark Sutton. |
| Accento ACR 103 | 1986/Vinyl | Hispanae Musica Vocibus Vol. II | Sacred and Secular Music for 4-6 voices by Pedro Ruimonte. Producer: Mark Sutton. |
| Classic CD-102 | 1988/CD | Angel Barja (composer) | Planctum Jeremiae, Madrigales y Romances, Poemas del Mar |
| Accento ACD 104 | 1989/CD | British Folksongs | SATB arrangements by Robin Doveton |
| Toshiba-EMI/Eastworld CC38-3076 | 1983/CD and Vinyl (recorded May 1981) | Greensleeves The Scholars/English Folk Songs | Arrangements for 5 voices (SATBarB) by Robin Doveton, John Rutter, Gordon Langford (Sea Shanties) et al.
A landmark very early digitally recorded CD made before editing became practicable. Each song was recorded complete as a single take. |
| Toshiba-EMI/Eastworld CC33-3323 | 1984/CD and Vinyl (recorded in December 1983) | English & Italian Madrigals | SATB madrigals by Dowland, Morley, Farmer, Wilbye, Josquin, Arcadelt, Rore, De Wert, Marenzio et al. |
| Toshiba-EMI/Eastworld CC33-3466 | 1986/CD and Vinyl | Loch Lomond - The Scholars/English Folk Songs | SATB arrangements of English, Scottish, Welsh and Irish Folksongs by Robin Doveton |
| Toshiba-EMI/Eastworld CE20-5324/5 | 2 CD reissue of CC38-3076 and CC33-3466 | Home, Sweet Home | The Scholars: British Folk Songs |
| Accento ACD 105 | 1990/CD | English Ayres and Madrigals | Byrd, Morley, Dowland, Wilbye, Weelkes, Tomkins et al. |
| Accento ACD 201 | 1991/CD
Reissued in 2001 by Dorian as DOR-93227 |
G.F. Handel: Acis & Galatea | The Scholars Baroque Ensemble (live recording, Gijon 1991).
The part of Damon adapted for countertenor by Andrew Lawrence-King |
| NAXOS 8.8550667-668 | 1992/CD (2) | Handel: (The) Messiah | The Scholars Baroque Ensemble |
| NAXOS 8.8550660-1 | 1993/CD (recorded 1992) | Purcell: The Fairy Queen | The Scholars Baroque Ensemble |
| NAXOS Early Music 8.550880 | 1993/CD | French Chansons | The Scholars of London (Josquin, Jannequin, Gombert, Arcadelt, Clemens, Lassus etc. for 4-5 vv) |
| NAXOS 8.550664-65 | 1994/CD (recorded April 1993) | J.S.Bach St John Passion (in German) | The Scholars Baroque Ensemble |
| Accento ACD 106 | 1993/CD | Breathe soft, ye winds | The Scholars: A collection of Classic Glees from Georgian England (Arnold, Cooke, Webbe, Stevens, Callcott etc. for 4-5 vv) |
| NAXOS Early Music 8.8550662-3 | 1995/CD (recorded September 1993) | Monteverdi: Vespers of the Blessed Virgin | The Scholars Baroque Ensemble |
| Toshiba-EMI/Eastworld TOCE-8880 | 1995/CD | World Famous Songs | The Scholars/Yukinobu Kuni (Piano). 21 Arrangements by Robin Doveton (4vv a cappella and accompanied) |
| Musica en la catedral de Pamplona 2 | 1996/CD | Musica en la catedral de Pamplona | The Scholars/Jeremy West/Terence Charlston/Capilla de Música de la Catedral de Pamplona |
| Accento ACD107 | 1996/CD | The Sound of The Scholars | Five Hundred Years of Song: Renaissance - Classical - Romantic - Folk |
| NAXOS 8.553108 | 1997/CD (recorded October 1994) | Purcell: Dido and Aeneas | The Scholars Baroque Ensemble |
| NAXOS 8.553188 | 1998/CD (recorded September 1993) | Handel: Acis and Galatea | The Scholars Baroque Ensemble |
| NAXOS 8.553752 | 1998/CD (recorded November 1995) | Purcell: The Indian Queen | The Scholars Baroque Ensemble |
| NAXOS 8.553823 | 1997/CD (recorded February 1996) | J.S. Bach Motets | The Scholars Baroque Ensemble |
| NAXOS 8.553208 | 1999/CD (recorded October 1994) | Handel: Dixit Dominus (also Salve Regina and Nisi Dominus) | The Scholars Baroque Ensemble |
| Accento ACD108 | 2001/CD | The Scholars of London: Five Hundred Years of Song | Songs of Praise - Singing and Dancing - The Animal Kingdom - The Seasons - The Power of Music - Songs of Love |
External links edit
- Doveton Music - source for Robin Doveton's folksong arrangements and musical editions, many of which were created for The Scholars
- http://www.naxos.com/person/Scholars_of_London/15256.htm
- http://www.naxos.com/person/Scholars_Baroque_Ensemble_34077/34077.htm
- http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Scholars-Baroque-Ensemble.htm