Talk:METAR

Airline pilots and other pilots

I removed airline because all pilots use METARs, not just airline pilots. bDerrly talk contr 14:05, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

Good edit. I missed that when I wrote it originaly :-) - Ottergoose 14:57, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

Runway Status Information

--Ymorby 22:42, 9 January 2006 (UTC) Added runway status information (9949//91) Information retrieved from Meteo France and translated into english

Remarks section, and use in US

--Perhaps it's best not to mention the RMK section in any detail, because it is basically an undefined section where countries can add whatever they want - the US chooses to use it in the way described. Also, METARs are reported half-hourly from many airports, not hourly - in the UK half-hourly is the norm BaseTurnComplete 02:46, 21 February 2006 (UTC).

The point of having the two examples (which were deliberate made as different as possible while trying to hold a few likenesses to show similarity) is to give the range of possibilities. I have no problem with adding more examples, or even creating an entire page dedicated to the nuances of METAR code. Famartin 05:39 21 February 2006 (UTC).

Accuracy of temperature measurements

--Famartin 06:14 14 February 2006 (UTC): Removed edits of previous wikipedian in the US/Canada METAR code. First, the comment about temperature is inaccurate: US ASOS systems are designed to be accurate to the nearest degree Fahrenheit, so they DO have that amount of accuracy.

But the remarks section expresses them to the nearest tenth of a degree Celsius, not in whole degrees Fahrenheit. That is much greater precision than whole degrees Fahrenheit (0.1 °C = 9/50 °F); most (especially those which use the remarks temperatures) do not really have that 0.1 °C accuracy. It is false precision, creating the impression that the numbers are more precise than they actually are. 66.97.236.230 07:21, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

Second, not all of the RMK section is not duplicated in Canada. They do have remarks in Canada, including SLP... here's an example: METAR CYYZ 130800Z 29016KT 15SM FEW026 BKN067 M03/M07 A2977 RMK SC2AC5 SLP090=

They do have remarks in Canada, but there are absolutely no international standards for what comes after the remarks section. 66.97.236.230 07:21, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

To illustrate my point, here are 24 hours of reports for the Trenton, NJ airport used as an example:

     KTTN 130753Z 28004KT 10SM CLR M07/M13 A2985 RMK AO2 SLP106 T10671128 $
     KTTN 130853Z 23003KT 10SM CLR M09/M13 A2987 RMK AO2 SLP110 T10941128 51015 $
     KTTN 130953Z 24004KT 10SM CLR M08/M13 A2989 RMK AO2 SLP119 T10831133 $
     KTTN 131053Z 26003KT 10SM CLR M09/M13 A2991 RMK AO2 SLP126 T10891133 $
     KTTN 131153Z 24005KT 10SM CLR M09/M13 A2993 RMK AO2 SLP132 70008 T10891133 11056 21106 51022 $
     KTTN 131253Z 25006KT 10SM CLR M07/M13 A2994 RMK AO2 SLP137 T10721128 $
     KTTN 131353Z 24007KT 10SM CLR M05/M11 A2996 RMK AO2 SLP141 T10501111
     KTTN 131453Z 26009G15KT 10SM CLR M03/M10 A2996 RMK AO2 SLP140 T10331100 50009
     KTTN 131553Z 27012KT 10SM CLR M02/M09 A2996 RMK AO2 SLP143 T10171089
     KTTN 131653Z 25008KT 10SM CLR 00/M08 A2995 RMK AO2 SLP139 T00001083
     KTTN 131753Z 25011KT 10SM CLR 01/M08 A2992 RMK AO2 SLP128 T00061083 10011 21106 58012
     KTTN 131853Z 26011KT 10SM CLR 01/M08 A2991 RMK AO2 SLP123 T00111083
     KTTN 131953Z AUTO 25011G19KT 10SM CLR 01/M08 A2991 RMK AO2 SLP124 T00111083
     KTTN 132053Z AUTO 24010KT 10SM FEW049 01/M08 A2992 RMK AO2 SLP128 T00111083 55001
     KTTN 132153Z AUTO 24008G17KT 10SM BKN055 01/M08 A2992 RMK AO2 SLP129 T00061083
     KTTN 132253Z AUTO 25008KT 10SM BKN060 01/M08 A2994 RMK AO2 SLP135 T00061083
     KTTN 132353Z AUTO 23004KT 10SM BKN055 M01/M08 A2995 RMK AO2 SLP140 T10061078 10017 21006 53012
     KTTN 140053Z AUTO 21005KT 10SM CLR M02/M08 A2995 RMK AO2 SLP139 T10171083
     KTTN 140153Z AUTO 22005KT 10SM CLR M02/M08 A2996 RMK AO2 SLP142 T10221083
     KTTN 140253Z AUTO 21005KT 10SM CLR M03/M08 A2997 RMK AO2 SLP145 T10281083 53006
     KTTN 140353Z AUTO 20005KT 10SM BKN090 OVC120 M03/M08 A2998 RMK AO2 SLP147 T10281078
     KTTN 140453Z AUTO 19004KT 9SM OVC080 M03/M07 A2998 RMK AO2 SLP148 T10331072 400171106
     KTTN 140553Z AUTO 00000KT 9SM FEW065 SCT095 M04/M07 A2999 RMK AO2 SLP151 T10391067 11006 21044 53006
     KTTN 140653Z AUTO 00000KT 8SM CLR M03/M07 A2999 RMK AO2 SLP152 T10331067

The temperatures reported in the remarks section are as follows (you can figure out the dew points yourself):

-6.7 °C

-9.4 °C

-8.3 °C

-8.9 °C

-8.9 °C

-7.2 °C

-5.0 °C

-3.3 °C

-1.7 °C

+0.0 °C

+6.1 °C

+1.1 °C

+1.1 °C

+1.1 °C

+0.6 °C

+0.6 °C

-0.6 °C

-1.7 °C

-2.2 °C

-2.8 °C

-2.8 °C

-3.3 °C

-3.9 °C

-3.3 °C

So, over that day-long period, the temperatures ranged from -9.4 °C to +6.1 °C.

Yet, only a few different numbers show up.

No matter how long you watch the reports for KTTN, you will never see any of these temperatures in that range: -9.3, -9.2, -9.1, -9.0, -8.8, -8.7, -8.6, -8.5, -8.4, -8.2, -8.1, -8.0, -7.9, -7.7, -7.6, -7.5, -7.4, -7.3, -7.1, -6.9, -6.8, -6.6, -6.5, -6.4, -6.3, -6.2, -6.0, -5.9, -5.8, -5.7, -5.5, -5.4, -5.3, -5.2, -5.1, -4.9, -4.8, -4.7, -4.6, -4.5, -4.3, -4.2, -4.1, -4.0, -3.8, -3.7, -3.6, -3.5, -3.4, -3.2, -3.1, -3.0, -2.9, -2.7, -2.6, -2.5, -2.4, -2.3, -2.1, -2.0, -1.9, -1.8, -1.6, -1.5, -1.4, -1.3, -1.2, -1.0, -0.9, -0.8, -0.7, -0.5, -0.4, -0.3, -0.2, -0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.9, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, or 6.0.

Rather, the only numbers you will see in that range are -9.4, -8.9, -8.3, -7.8, -7.2, -6.7, -6.1, -5.6, -5.0, -4.4, -3.9, -3.3, -2.8, -2.2, -1.7, -1.1, -0.6, 0.0, 0.6, 1.1, 1.7, 2.2, 2.8, 3.3, 3.9, 4.4, 5.0, 5.6, and 6.1.

Pretty misleading not to mention that, isn't it? Gene Nygaard 08:16, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

Note that they always jump by 0.5 °C or 0.6°C, skipping all the numbers in between. Gene Nygaard 08:21, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

Yes I know that, that's why I said they reported them accurately to the nearest degree FAHRENHEIT above. Famartin 05:47 15 February 2006 (UTC)

No, they don't "report" anything in degrees Fahrenheit. They misleadingly report in tenths of a degree Celsius. Gene Nygaard 20:34, 19 February 2006 (UTC)

Note that what is actually reported is incorrect, to the stated precision, a whopping 82% of the time, assuming accurate measurements of the temperature. Furthermore, even what is reported in the main body of the METAR (the element containing something along the lines of 06/M02) is incorrect 2 times out of 15—for example, if the actual temperature were 41.72 °F, it gets measured as 42 °F and converted to 6 °C in the main body of the METAR, but actually 41.72 °F = 5.40 °C and should round to 5 °C, if FMH-1 were followed and the readings actually made to the nearest tenth of a degree Celsius. Gene Nygaard 15:10, 20 February 2006 (UTC)

Get over yourself and your ridiculous nitpicking complaints against US METARS. They're done for a reason (preference for Fahrenheit over Celsius, but pressure to report in metric units whenever possible over Imperial units), and if you don't like it, too bad. The explanation that I have in there currently is more than adequate. You're introducing POV into the article. STOP IT! Famartin 05:23, 21 February 2006 (UTC)

Incorrect abbreviation

--Graphex 20:14, 27 November 2006 (UTC) Removed erroneous abbreviation (METAR does NOT mean METeorological Aerodrome Report) and added in the original French words from which METAR was derived. Updated definition to FAA standard, "Aviation Routine Weather Report".

removed broken link to WMO

under "External links" -> "format specifications", I removed the broken link:

• WMO documentation on METAR format (PDF)

I couldn't find the current location of such a document on WMO.ch. It sounds useful, though, so if it turns up, we should replace the link. --Amoore 19:08, 29 May 2007 (UTC)

Found it here: http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/DPS/NewCodesTables/WMO306vol-I-1PartA.pdf I have put the link back in. --Lorian^T_C 17:54, 30 July 2008 (UTC)

Move

The renaming of this article a few days ago seems really strange. For one thing, there does not seem to be any disambiguation or an article on the other subject proposed that would support the need to disambig. Second, since Wikipedia is case sensitive as far as I know, METAR shouldn't conflict with Metar. But worst is the choice of title. I don't think anyone would guess that would be the right title, nor does it seem to make a lot of sense. If the article can't just exist as METAR, I'd suggest METAR (weather report).

Can someone please move this article back, or a least to a shorter, English language title? --skew-t 22:19, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

--Graphex 22:58, 1 December 2007 (UTC) I think Skew-t is correct. The historical French translation is research about the history of METAR, and is not helpful in the identification METARs and the METAR code. I changed the name back to METAR to help prevent confusion. METAR doesn't mean "message d’observation météorologique régulière pour l’aviation", that is simply a relevant historical reference. The letters, METAR don't mean anything, a METAR is an aviation routine weather report.

Restoration of link

"CambridgeBayWeather" arbitrarily removed a number of links, apparently without discussion. The U.S. NOAA link that he put in for US METARs is a poor substitute. I've added one of the links back. Gladtohelp (talk) 18:01, 30 December 2007 (UTC)Gladtohelp

The flightcentral spam link is not required and I also removed some other links as did another user. The NOAA is a worldwide provider of METAR. Flightcentral is an advertising service, see http://www.flightcentral.net/ServiceRequest3.aspx, has less US airports than the NOAA, has way more information than just the weather making it difficult to see the METAR and is restricted to the US in what is a worldwide article. The NOAA link is more useful because it provides METAR for around the world and allows the removal of multiple country links, Canada and the UK. The flightcentral might be useful when providing information to a particular US airport but as a METAR link it's just spam. CambridgeBayWeather (Talk) 22:47, 30 December 2007 (UTC)

Ah, there we are. The dreaded "spam link", a term used with such alacrity. We should be selecting links based on their merit and nothing else. Here are your arguments, one at a time:

(1) "Flightcentral is an advertising service" - if you want to cull every website that sells advertising, you better get busy. You've got many thousands to go. This measure is clearly not used anywhere else in Wiki to determine a link's inclusion.

(2) "has less US airports than the NOAA" - wrong. FlightCentral includes every airport in the United States and even marking those that are private.

(3) "restricted to the US in what is a worldwide article" - Again, there are thousands upon thousands of external links in Wiki that refer to a US site in worldwide articles.

(4) "as a METAR link it's just spam" - put in LAX into NOAA and see what you get. Instead of putting in the K for you, it confuses you with "No METAR observation from LAX is available in our system." NOAA's METAR engine is about as barebones as it gets. FlightCentral color codes the ZULU time, reports Current Zulu Time on the page, and places a color-coded icon in front of the METAR to specify which type of flight rules exist. It clearly is a superior reporting tool for METARs.

I haven't touched your pet NOAA link, but I am reverting your deletion of the FlightCentral link. In the spirit of Wiki, I'd suggest you avoid further deletions until you discuss it. Gladtohelp (talk) 14:08, 31 December 2007 (UTC)gladtohelp

Get used to CambridgeBayWeather's antics gladtohelp. He also regularly removes links to this site which arguably contain more than METAR information, they also contain a variety of weather links that are useful in obtaining an aviation weather briefing. Less is more in CBW's eye's I guess. DSatYVR (talk) 16:09, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

You both seem to think that the idea of WIkipedia is to provide as many external links as possible and weather information for people. Wrong, Wikipeida is an encyclopedia not an external link venue.

Points 1 & 3. Although the essay applies to AfD it is obvious that WP:OTHERCRAP applies.

Point 2. You might be right but there is no need to provide a MEATR link to every US airport, or indeed any airport at all.

Point 4. Put PAKH into flightcentral and see what you get. Instead of putting in the AKK for you, it confuses you by saying "No records to display." On the other hand at this point in time when you figure out that AKK is the code that flightcentral wants, it displays the METAR for 212136Z but today is the 31. The same thing applies to PAFM/AFM in that flightcentral is giving 10 day old weather.

We should not be a substitue weather briefing service. Pilots should be getting the wx briefings from elsewhere. CambridgeBayWeather (Talk) 19:53, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

Need I say more about CBW? View the above post. The concept of expanding knowledge beyond Wiki is lost on him. The dean of deletion is more interested in the minimalist approach, allowing those interested in a subject to carry on the hunt for related information outside the confines of Wikipedia rather than within it. I rest my case. A couple spelling mistakes there CBW, Very unwikipedian.:-) DSatYVR (talk) 17:10, 1 January 2008 (UTC)

Hmm, don't bother refuting my comments, just start in on the attacks. By the way, the information should be in the article rather than external links to find it. CambridgeBayWeather (Talk) 18:51, 1 January 2008 (UTC)

maximum cloud base altitude

I think it should be noted that even though AWOS stations can only detect cloud heights up to 12,000ft, METARS can have readings of cloud bases much much higher. There should be a note somewhere in this article about METARS having collected reports from AWOS/ASOS stations + weather balloons + human remarks. If you'd like an example of high altitude cloud reporting check out KMIA (2008/08/12 15:53 UTC):

 KMIA 121553Z 27005KT 10SM FEW025 SCT080 BKN300 30/23 A2996 RMK AO2 SLP144 CB DSNT E-SE ANS NW T03000228

Katanada (talk) 16:01, 12 August 2008 (UTC)

Depending on the Ceilometer used at the AWOS site cloud heights can be obtained up to 25,000/26,000 feet. The NOAA and McGill systems only goes up to 12,000/13,000 but the Mtech and Vaisala go heigher. CambridgeBayWeather Have a gorilla 05:53, 13 August 2008 (UTC)

Rewrite

Would it be pertinent to rewrite this article with information form this source: http://weather.unisys.com/wxp/Appendices/Formats/METAR.html 67.176.22.121 (talk) 14:33, 4 April 2009 (UTC)

I'd be glad to, if it hasn't already been written. Also, since English is Wikipedia's predominant language and the U.S. METAR system varies slightly compared to that of the International system, it should be rewritten to reflect both the U.S. and International METAR systems, preferably with a comparison chart showing all METAR terms and their U.S. and/or International components. DoggerDan24 (talk) 16:36, 1 August 2011 (UTC)

Met Actual Report

I've expanded the METAR acronym in the very beginning of the article, but it was reverted back:

Reverted 1 edit by 217.76.206.210 identified as vandalism to last revision by Ashley Pomeroy. (TW)

Who's Glenn L, and how come its vandalism?! 93.72.158.132 (talk) 16:31, 16 January 2011 (UTC)

BTW, Wikipedia's definition of vandalism: "Vandalism is any addition, removal, or change of content in a deliberate attempt to compromise the integrity of Wikipedia." Can someone show me "a deliberate attempt to compromise the integrity of Wikipedia"? 93.72.158.132 (talk) 16:31, 16 January 2011 (UTC)

Perhaps you were not so deliberate. However, your expansion of METAR was inconsistent with the Naming paragraph. If you have a reliable source for your expansion, you might offer there, remembering to follow WP:Manual of Style. — Glenn L (talk) 16:51, 1 August 2011 (UTC)

poor grammar

the second part of the introduction (standardization) is not standard grammatical english [sic] — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.236.121.54 (talk) 19:26, 2 February 2012 (UTC)

Corrections for Example METAR codes

310V290 is not a good example for the variation in wind direction, even though it is a real world example. According to the Manual WMO-No. 306 (2011), Volume I.1, chapter 15.5.3, this group should be included only if "the total variation in wind direction is 60° or more but less than 180°" and that "the observed two extreme directions ... shall be given ... in clockwise order". 310V290 would therefore be decoded as a variation of 340°. Actually, VRB03KT should have reported instead (chapter 15.5.2). Any ideas whether it would be best to adapt just this group, use a different real world METAR, or add a comment?

Please also correct the description for code for the runway in the group 9949//91. Chapter 15.13.6.1 says: "Code figure 88 indicates "all runways"; code figure 99 shall be used if a new runway state report is not available ... in which case the previous runway state report will be repeated". The runway state was reported last at 19:30 UTC the previous day (0449//91) and was repeated in every METAR until the runway was reported cleared (04CLRD//) at 16:30 UTC.

79.196.254.76 (talk) 17:54, 19 December 2012 (UTC)

Also, the variable wind direction is not consistent with the wind direction code immediately preceding it, and a variable wind direction would only be reported if wind speed is greater than 6 knots. All in all, I have the impression that this is perhaps not a historical real-world report, but rather a hypothetical synthesis. As a provisional fix, the relevant wind speed and variable wind direction codes have just been patched to conform with reporting guidelines, but an example taken from real-world historical records might be even better, if someone wants to take the time to locate one and transcribe it. Piperh (talk) 08:44, 30 January 2016 (UTC)

Piperh. According to 15.5.3 and MANOBS 7.1.5 the wind speed has to be 1.5 m/s (3 kn) or more. CambridgeBayWeather, Uqaqtuq (talk), Sunasuttuq 11:33, 5 February 2016 (UTC)

WMO code table

The WMO code table's description should indicate in what sequence the 'nnn' codes are specified (low, middle, high could be inferred by the table, but being specific would be good) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sejtam (talk • contribs) 09:00, 13 March 2013 (UTC)

Technical Details

Need more info about:

• How is METAR transmitted/received?
• Using what equipement?
• At what frequencies and modulations etc? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jahibadkaret (talk • contribs) 20:31, 7 July 2017 (UTC)

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VMC and IMC

VMC and IMC both link to this page (both are described as Aviation flight categories) but are not listed on it, which is confusing. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 163.1.246.64 (talk) 14:43, 11 February 2020 (UTC)

Why Not Show a Current METAR for a Well Known Airport or Two?

There are many sources of live METAR reports. Could some clever Wikipedian add the code to this page that would link to one of those sources and show the current METAR for a couple of well-known airports such as London Heathrow, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, etc? I think that would make the page interesting. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.210.115.100 (talk) 21:20, 20 February 2020 (UTC)

Check the external links section, current reports. CambridgeBayWeather, Uqaqtuq (talk), Sunasuttuq 00:37, 23 February 2020 (UTC)

Overall structure

Unless I have missed it, although the individual components of a report are explained, there is no description of the overall structure of a report. Is the order of the components fixed? If the order is not fixed, how are they identified? (The components do not, for example, seem to begin with an identifier.) Are all components obligatory?Bill (talk) 23:53, 3 October 2021 (UTC)

Repeating

We see:

1. In Canada, RMK is followed by a description of the cloud layers and opacities, in eighths (oktas). For example, CU5 would indicate a cumulus layer with 5⁄8 opacity.
2. Cloud reporting[edit]
3. Cloud coverage is reported by the number of 'oktas' (eighths) of the sky that is occupied by cloud.

Maybe at (1) just say "details below", instead of repeating details. Jidanni (talk) 00:57, 2 December 2022 (UTC)

Citation

I was thinking about adding this as a reference, but could not determine if it is quoted from wikipedia or they wrote it.

https://ema.arrl.org/what-are-metars/ Eason Y. Lu (talk) 03:13, 17 December 2023 (UTC)